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PubMed2026

Ecological Restoration of the Soil-Like Function in the Bauxite Residue: Natural Microbiomes Mediated Molecular Transformation of Dissolved Organic Matter.

Soilization of bauxite residues offers a scalable route for long-term carbon management and ecological restoration. However, the microbial processes that transform exogenous organic inputs into stable soil-like carbon pools remain poorly resolved. Here, we combined cross-ecosystem meta-analysis, machine-learning prediction, native synthetic community (SynCom) construction, 13C-labeled straw microcosms, field validation, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and genome-resolved metagenomics to unravel microbiome-mediated carbon transformation at the dissolved organic matter (DOM) molecular scale. Our meta-analysis revealed that alkaline industrial wastes retained soil-like DOM signatures but were enriched in microbial humic- and protein-like components, indicating active yet incomplete carbon processing. Guided by these patterns, native SynCom inoculation increased 13C incorporation into total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), enlarged biodegradable and adsorbable DOC fractions, and shifted DOM from recalcitrant aromatic pools toward oxygenated carbohydrate-, tannin-, and phenolic-like molecular classes. Genome-resolved analyses linked this transformation to complementary polymer degradation and nutrient-cycling functions across fungal and bacterial guilds, including enriched carbohydrate-active enzymes in straw-carbon-utilizing metagenome-assembled genomes. Null model and thermodynamic analyses further showed that microbial communities were constrained by homogeneous selection, whereas DOM molecules were diversified through variable selection and redox-dependent transformation. Field-scale validation confirmed that SynCom promoted TOC and DOC accumulation and humic-like, high-density DOM fractions under alkaline conditions. Together, these findings establish a mechanistic framework in which functional microbiomes couple plant carbon depolymerization, DOM molecular diversification, and mineral-interactive carbon stabilization, providing a microbiome-guided strategy for carbon sequestration and soilization in the bauxite residue.

Soil↗

PubMed2026

Littoral and wetland vegetation decrease carbon emissions from dry inland waters.

Lakes are recognized as active components of the inland water carbon (C) cycle, as organic matter is processed by microbial respiration, inducing large carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions. In the context of long-lasting drought periods, large uncertainties remain about: (1) the influence of wet-dry cycle on CO2 and CH4 fluxes in littoral zones and lacustrine wetlands; and (2) the contribution of emergent vegetation to C fluxes in dry inland waters. At the water-land interface of two shallow lakes, this study focuses on CO2 and CH4 fluxes from vegetated and bare dry inland waters in relation to hydrological fluctuations. Three seasonal campaigns were conducted to measure daytime CO2 and CH4 fluxes in pelagic, littoral and wetland surface waters, as well as in temporarily air-exposed sediments, using floating and static chambers, respectively. Our results reveal that wet-dry cycle in the littoral zone and wetlands strongly influence gaseous C fluxes through contrasting patterns, especially in late summer, when the biological processes are most active (primary production and respiration). In air-exposed littoral zones, organic-poor sandy sediments presented the lowest CO2 and CH4 emissions, whereas in air-exposed lacustrine wetlands, water-saturated sediments accumulated high amounts of plant-derived organic matter, promoting intense microbial activity and the highest C emissions. However, amphiphytes and helophytes vegetation in exposed littoral zones and wetlands reversed the direction of C fluxes, inducing the highest CO2 uptake due to high photosynthesis rates. This study underlines the relevance of considering vegetation in dry inland waters, particularly in lacustrine littoral zones and wetlands, to obtain comprehensive lake C budgets, especially under climate change scenarios.

Wetlands↗

PubMed2026

In silico identification of DNMT1 inhibitors from the PlantCyc database through computational approach to assess the anti-cancer potential of nutraceutical compounds in breast cancer.

Breast cancer accounts for a disproportionate share of global cancer-related deaths, with 670,000 fatalities and 2.3 million new diagnoses recorded in women during 2022 alone. Existing treatment modalities carry considerable toxicity burdens, and resistance to available agents remains an unresolved clinical problem. DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), the enzyme chiefly responsible for maintaining genome-wide methylation patterns during DNA replication, has been mapped out as a high-value target in breast cancer because its dysregulation silences tumour suppressor genes through promoter hypermethylation. The present work involves hierarchical in silico workflow to screen 4549 plant-derived compounds from the PlantCyc database (v16.0.3) against the human DNMT1 catalytic domain (PDB ID: 4WXX). Ten top-scoring compounds were taken forward for molecular docking via AutoDock Vina; Quercetin and Kaempferol both recorded the highest binding affinities at -9.5 kcal/mol, Wogonin (-9.3 kcal/mol) and Xanthohumol (-8.1 kcal/mol) also emerged as strong binders. Pharmacokinetic evaluation using ADMET-AI confirmed that all 10 compounds met Lipinski's rule of five, with human intestinal absorption values at or above 0.98. Wogonin and Xanthohumol were selected for a 100 ns all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation in GROMACS due to their well-rounded ADMET profiles and limited existing data on their specific interactions with DNMT1 in breast cancer. Across all measured trajectory metrics, backbone RMSD, residue fluctuation, radius of gyration, solvent-accessible surface area, and intermolecular hydrogen bond count, Wogonin formed a more stable, compact complex. These findings suggest that Wogonin and Xanthohumol are non-toxic nutraceutical candidates suitable for DNMT1 targeted epigenetic therapy, with computational foundation strong enough to facilitate future in vitro and in vivo validation work.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Dynamics and virulence of Enterobacteriaceae reservoirs harboring blaCTX-M group 1 in community wastewater.

UNLABELLED: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria are ubiquitous and can cause serious infections. Here, we examined untreated community wastewater influent as a reservoir for blaCTX-M group 1 organisms and their virulence potential. Raw influent samples (n = 268) were collected from four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) representing dense urban populations. We observed that blaCTX-M group 1 levels were high at all WWTPs and only ~1-2 log10 lower and not correlated to common human-specific microbiome fecal markers, Lachno3 and HF183, indicating a lack of connection to human fecal inputs. Concentrations of blaCTX-M group 1 genes and markers for presumptive host organisms Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were influenced by travel time and season. Amplicon sequencing revealed high diversity of blaCTX-M group 1-9 genes, with 63% belonging to group 1. Selective culture and 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed blaCTX-M group 1 isolates were 26% E. coli, 26% K. pneumoniae, 40% other Enterobacteriaceae, and 8% Aeromonas. Overall, E. coli averaged 3.6E7 cells/L, with 3% of all E. coli found to contain blaCTX-M group 1. Whole-genome sequencing of blaCTX-M group 1 E. coli from wastewater revealed resistance and virulence gene profiles similar to clinical isolates and distinct from other wastewater ESBL-resistant and non-resistant E. coli. Interpretation of wastewater data needs to consider both the existence of environmental reservoirs that contain potentially pathogenic organisms and the strong influence the dynamics of the conveyance system can have on final concentrations measured at the WWTP. IMPORTANCE: The CTX-M enzyme family is highly abundant in nosocomial, community, and environmental settings and is leading to treatment of infections with carbapenem antibiotics, a last-line therapeutic option. The progressive increase of the clinically relevant blaCTX-M group 1 resistance genes in the human population warrants investigation, particularly to understand the establishment and dynamics of environmental reservoirs. This study utilized molecular and culture methods to gain insight into the possible origin, abundance, and dynamics of blaCTX-M group 1 genes in untreated wastewater influent samples. We found extremely high levels of these genes, with Escherichia coli as a major host organism that closely resembled clinical strains, suggesting they are seeded and propagate in sewer pipe systems. The significance of our research is in developing approaches to monitor antimicrobial resistance reservoirs in community wastewater, which could shed light on global burdens and potential transmission cycles and indicate increasing inputs of clinically relevant strains originating from human populations.

E. coli↗

PubMed2026

Improved quality of life and prolonged survival with add-on homeopathic treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, three-arm, multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Alongside conventional anticancer treatment, add-on homeopathy might help to alleviate adverse effects of conventional therapy. AIM: The aim of this study was to replicate previous studies on the effect of adjunctive homeopathy on quality of life (QoL) and survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHOD: In this prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, three-arm multicenter phase III study with quadruple-checked data analysis, we investigated the potential effects of an add-on homeopathic treatment compared to placebo in patients with stage IV NSCLC in terms of QoL. Ninety-eight received either individualized homeopathic medicinal products (HMPs; n = 51) or placebo (n = 47) in a double-blinded fashion. Fifty-two control patients without homeopathic treatment were only observed in terms of their survival rate. The ingredients of the various HMPs were mainly prepared of plant, mineral, or animal origin. The data entry and statistical analysis were subject to an exceptional quadruple-checked data analysis process. The analysis presented in this article was inspired by our earlier report of this trial published in The Oncologist in 2020, which was retracted by that journal in November 2025 after two corrections; a majority of the co-authors disagreed with this decision. The present article is based on the same trial dataset but was deliberately designed to highlight the unique research methodology: design and preparation by a lead statistician, data entry, data clearing and independent statistical evaluation were performed in four mutually independent steps, reporting follows the CONSORT statement, and the interpretation of the findings has been reframed conservatively. RESULTS: Global health status (QoL) was higher in the homeopathy group than in the placebo group after 9 weeks and after 18 weeks (p < 0.001). With the exception of cognitive functioning at 9 weeks and of pain, diarrhea and financial difficulties at 9 weeks, all functional and symptom scales of the EORTC QLQ-C30 favored the homeopathy group (p < 0.001 for the multivariate comparisons), with between-group differences exceeding the threshold of 10 points that is generally regarded as clinically meaningful. Median survival time over the 730-day observation period was 435 days in the homeopathy group, 257 days in the placebo group (p = 0.010), and 228 days in the non-randomized control group (p < 0.001); the corresponding 2-year survival rates were 45.1%, 23.4%, and 13.5% (homeopathy vs. placebo p = 0.020; homeopathy vs. control p < 0.001). The difference between the placebo group and the non-randomized control group was not statistically significant (p = 0.154). CONCLUSION: In this trial, add-on homeopathy was associated with better quality of life across most functional and symptom domains, with clinically meaningful effect sizes congruently to a previous open study. Survival time was significantly longer in the homeopathy group compared to both the placebo and control groups. Independent replication, ideally within contemporary immuno-oncological treatment regimens is required. TRIALS REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT01509612; January 7, 2012.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

[Effect of electroacupuncture combined with suspension exercise therapy on lower limb motor function in elderly patients with post-stroke spastic hemiplegia].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with suspension exercise therapy in elderly patients with post-stroke spastic hemiplegia and its effect on lower limb motor function. METHODS: A total of 120 elderly patients with post-stroke spastic hemiplegia were enrolled. Using a 2×2 factorial design, all the patients were assigned to a group A (conventional treatment), a group B (conventional treatment combined with suspension exercise therapy), a group C (conventional treatment combined with EA at Jiaji [EX-B2] and limb acupoints), and a group D(conventional treatment combined with suspension exercise therapy and EA at Jiaji [EX-B2] and limb acupoints), with 30 patients in each group. The main acupoints were bilateral Jiaji (EX-B2) points at the C2-C7, T2-T12, L1-L5, and S1 segments. The adjunct acupoints included Jianyu (LI15), Binao (LI14), Huantiao (GB30), Chengfu (BL36), etc. on the affected side.Continuous wave was applied at a frequency of 100 Hz with a current intensity of 1.5-3.0 mA, and needles were retained for 30 min, once daily for 4 weeks. Before treatment and after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the modified Ashworth scale (MAS),Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), Berg balance scale (BBS), and Barthel index scores were evaluated in the four groups. Root mean square (RMS) values of surface electromyography (sEMG) of the erector spinae and rectus abdominis muscles on the affected side, as well as balance function indexes, including the mean pressure symmetry index (SI), contact area SI, ellipse area, and displacement distances of the center of pressure in the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions, were measured. Clinical efficacy was also compared among the four groups. RESULTS: After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, MAS scores in all groups were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), whereas FMA, BBS, and Barthel index scores were higher than those before treatment (P<0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, MAS scores were lower than those after 2 weeks of treatment (P<0.05), whereas FMA, BBS, and Barthel index scores were higher than those after 2 weeks of treatment (P<0.05) in the four groups. At both 2 and 4 weeks after treatment, group D had lower MAS scores (P<0.05) and higher FMA,BBS, and Barthel index scores (P<0.05) than the other three groups. After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, RMS values of sEMG of the erector spinae and rectus abdominis muscles on the affected side at all tested angles were higher than those before treatment in all groups (P<0.05), and the values after 4 weeks of treatment were higher than those after 2 weeks of treatment(P<0.05). At both 2 and 4 weeks after treatment, all these indexes in the group D were higher than those in the other three groups (P<0.05). After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the mean pressure SI, contact area SI and ellipse area of each group were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the mean pressure SI, contact area SI and ellipse area of each group were lower than those after 2 weeks of treatment (P<0.05). After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the AP displacement distances of groups A, C and D were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and after 4 weeks of treatment, the AP displacement distances of groups A, C and D were lower than those after 2 weeks of treatment (P<0.05);after 2 weeks of treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in AP displacement distance in the group B compared with before treatment (P>0.05), and after 4 weeks of treatment, the AP displacement distance of group B was lower than that before treatment (P<0.05). After 2 weeks of treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in ML displacement distance in group A compared with before treatment (P>0.05); after 4 weeks of treatment, the ML displacement distance of group A was lower than that before treatment (P<0.05). After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in ML displacement distance in the group B compared with that before treatment (P>0.05).After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the ML displacement distances of groups C and D were lower than those before treatment(P<0.05), and after 4 weeks of treatment, the ML displacement distances of groups C and D were lower than those after 2 weeks of treatment (P<0.05). At both 2 and 4 weeks after treatment, mean pressure SI, contact area SI, ellipse area, and AP and ML displacement distances in the group D were lower than those in the other three groups (P<0.05). Factorial analysis of variance showed that EA had the strongest main effect on FMA score (F=6.243, P<0.05), suspension exercise therapy had the strongest main effect on BBS score (F=6.292, P<0.05), and the interaction effect was most significant for MAS score (F=5.941, P<0.05), indicating that the combined therapy produced a greater synergistic effect on reducing muscle tone than on the other outcome measures. The total effective rate in the group D was 93.3% (28/30), which was higher than those in the group A (53.3% [16/30]), group B (56.7% [17/30]), and group C (66.7% [20/30], P<0.05). CONCLUSION: EA combined with suspension exercise therapy could effectively promote the recovery of lower limb function in elderly patients with post-stroke spastic hemiplegia, improve motor and balance functions, and enhance activities of daily living.

Humans↗