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Results for “PERIPHLEBITIS”

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PubMed1981

[Retinal vein periphlebitis - frequency, occurrence and diagnostic significance].

Among 15,000 neuroophthalmological patients examined in the years 1963 to 1977, 51 showed periphlebitic changes of the retinal veins. 46 of these patients were known to suffer from multiple sclerosis (MS). From his results that changes of the fundus of the eye are associated with a high degree of probability (about 90 per cent) with multiple sclerosis. In the same period of time, 422 patients were found to suffer from MS. From this one can calculate the relative frequency of periphlebitic changes of the retinal veins in MS cases to be about 10.9 per cent. Apart from their diagnostic importance, the findings are also interesting because they may indicate the significance of periphlebitic changes in the etiopathogenesis of MS.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in multiple sclerosis measured by vitreous fluorophotometry.

Periphlebitis retinae in multiple sclerosis appears as transitory cellular infiltrations around veins in an otherwise normal retina. Similar cellular infiltrations have been found around veins in the central nervous system. In the present study the blood-retinal barrier has been investigated by vitreous fluorophotometry. Eight multiple sclerosis patients with actual periphlebitis retinae and 9 patients with previous but not active periphlebitis retinae were included in this study. Abnormal leakage of fluorescein was manifest in the group of multiple sclerosis patients with periphlebitis retinae. Permeability (1.8 +/- 0.2 X 10(-7) cm/sec; mean +/- SEM) but not in the control group as a whole permeability (1.3 +/- 0.1 X 10(-7) cm/sec; mean +/- SEM) compared to 17 normals (permeability 1.1 +/- 0.005). It is thus concluded that breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier may be transitory when connected with periphlebitis retinae in multiple sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The clinical picture of Eales' disease.

The clinical findings in 316 eyes with Eales' disease and 41 eyes true idiopathic periphlebitis were analyzed. Eales' disease differed clearly from idiopathic periphlebitis in a predominance of male patients, a marked tendency toward bilateral disease in males, the aspect of vascular sheathing and the absence of inflammatory signs from the vitreous body. The clinical picture of Eales' disease was characterized by avascular areas in the retinal periphery, followed posteriorly by microaneurysms, rope-ladder-like dilations of capillary channels, tortousity of neighbouring vessels and spontaneous choriortinal scars. The more pronounced finds were neovascularizations (84%) hemorrhages (58%), obliterated vessels (39%) and vascular sheathing (34%). In contrast to idiopathic periphlebitis, Eales' disease is considered a primary, non-inflammatory disorder of the walls of the peripheral retinal vessels, namely the shunt vessels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Location of lesions in multiple evanescent white dot syndrome and the cause of the hypofluorescent spots observed by indocyanine green angiography.

PURPOSE: To determine the location of the lesions in the retina of a patient with multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) and to resolve the conflict in the cause of the hypofluorescent spots observed in the late phase of indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). CASE REPORT: A 27-year-old woman presented with a unilateral enlarged blind spot and a central scotoma. Fundus examination of the left eye showed many round, indistinctly circumscribed white dots extending from the posterior pole toward the periphery. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated hyperfluorescence due to staining at the location of the white dots. Staining was also observed on the venous wall which was consistent with periphlebitis. The location of the scotomas corresponded with the hypofluorescent spots observed around the optic disc and in the macula in the late phase of ICGA. The scotomas disappeared with the resolution of the hypofluorescent spots, and the sites of other hypofluorescent spots were in accord with the sites of periphlebitis. Visual evoked cortical potentials disclosed no laterality, and the critical fusion frequency was reduced but normalized with the disappearance of the scotoma. CONCLUSION: The initial lesions of MEWDS occur in the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor cells, but when MEWDS is complicated by periphlebitis, the inflammatory lesions extend to the inner layers of the retina. The inflammatory changes involve the choroid and all layers of the retina, which then block the weak background fluorescence in the later phase of ICGA and cause the hypofluorescent spots. The visual field defects are probably caused by retinal dysfunction due to the inflammatory changes.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for choroidal granuloma in sarcoidosis.

PURPOSE: To report the clinical course of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide on choroidal granuloma secondary to sarcoidosis that was refractory to systemic prednisolone DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 29-year-old Chinese man with sarcoidosis presented with isolated posterior segment involvement in his left eye as retinal periphlebitis, retinal granulomas, and choroidal granuloma. Retinal periphlebitis and retinal granulomas responded well to oral corticosteroid but not the choroidal granuloma. It gradually grew in size and caused a drop in left-eye vision to 20/70. Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (4 mg) was injected three times in total. RESULTS: The choroidal mass began to shrink in size after the second injection and completely regressed after the third. The choroidal granuloma became a scar, with no angiographic leakage. The patient's visual acuity improved and remained stable at 20/40 at the last follow-up, 6 months after the last injection. CONCLUSIONS: Given the encouraging results, further study on intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for macular and peripapillary choroidal granulomas secondary to systemic sarcoidosis is warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Cutaneous lesions associated with coronavirus-induced vasculitis in a cat with feline infectious peritonitis and concurrent feline immunodeficiency virus infection.

This report describes a clinical case of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) with multisystemic involvement, including multiple nodular cutaneous lesions, in a cat that was co-infected with feline coronavirus and feline immunodeficiency virus. The skin lesions were caused by a pyogranulomatous-necrotising dermal phlebitis and periphlebitis. Immunohistology demonstrated the presence of coronavirus antigen in macrophages within these lesions. The pathogenesis of FIP involves a viral associated, disseminated phlebitis and periphlebitis which can arise at many sites. Target organs frequently include the eyes, abdominal organs, pleural and peritoneal membranes, and central nervous tissues, but cutaneous lesions have not previously been reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Branch retinal vein occlusion in a child with ocular sarcoidosis.

PURPOSE/METHODS: A 13-year-old girl had unilateral iridocyclitis and periphlebitis. The periphlebitis exacerbated, and macular edema as well as branch retinal vein occlusion developed. The patient was treated with systemic corticosteroids. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: The lesions responded well to systemic corticosteroids. Histologic diagnosis of sarcoidosis was obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy. Ocular lesions in this child were similar to those seen in adult sarcoidosis. Branch retinal vein occlusion may occur as a rare vascular complication of sarcoidosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and concomitant uveitis/periphlebitis retinae are not distinct from those without intraocular inflammation.

Recent models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) have indicated that antigens co-expressed in the retina and uvea might be of pathogenetic relevance in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). We investigated the clinical spectrum and magnetic resonance imaging of 11 MS patients with concomitant uveitis, and determined the frequency of clinically silent intraocular inflammation in a prospective series of 50 patients. Two of the 11 patients had panuveitis, seven had anterior, and the remaining two had intermediate uveitis. The onset of uveitis preceded that of neurological symptoms by a mean of 8.5 years (range 1-20). None of the 50 MS patients studied prospectively by using slit lamp examinations and dilated funduscopy showed any evidence of uveitis but six patients had signs of retinal inflammation ("periphlebitis retinae"). Cranial MRI did not reveal "atypical" lesional distribution in MS patients with uveitis or periphlebitis retinae. No correlation between the type of MS and uveitis, or between the degree of neurological disability and the type of uveitis was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Long-term visual outcome and complications associated with pars planitis.

PURPOSE: To identify the ocular complications and to statistically evaluate the possible association of pars planitis with multiple sclerosis (MS) in a homogeneous population of pars planitis patients. METHODS: The authors reexamined 36 patients and reviewed the records of an additional 18 patients (total: 54 patients, 108 eyes) with idiopathic pars planitis. RESULTS: The initial mean visual acuity of 20/46 (logMAR: 0.36 +/- 0.50) was not statistically different from the final mean visual acuity of 20/44 (logMAR: 0.34 +/- 0.45; P = 0.73), after a mean follow-up of 89.2 months. Complications included neovascularization with or without associated vitreous hemorrhage (7 eyes, 6.5%), moderate to severe cellophane retinopathy (7 eyes, 6.5%), chronic cystoid macular edema (CME) (9 eyes, 8.3%), visually significant cataracts (16 eyes, 14.8%), and retinal detachment (9 eyes, 8.3%). Significant lens opacification was associated with a greater risk of retinal detachment (P = 0.004). In four patients (7.4%), optic neuritis developed, and in an additional eight patients (14.8%) MS developed. Kaplan-Meier analysis of these data showed a 16.2% +/- 6.2% risk of MS solely developing in patients, and a 20.4% +/- 6.7% risk of either MS or optic neuritis developing, after 5 years of disease. The presence of periphlebitis at the time of pars planitis diagnosis increased the rate of development of these conditions (P = 0.002). Six patients (11.1%) had a family history positive for MS in a first-degree relative. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the overall favorable visual prognosis in patients with pars planitis. Patients with significant cataract formation appear to be at greater risk for retinal detachment. Periphlebitis at the time of diagnosis of pars planitis increases the risk of development of optic neuritis or MS. The strong association demonstrated between pars planitis and MS in this study further supports a link between the two disease states.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pars plana vitrectomy in the management of intraocular inflammation.

To evaluate the role of pars plana vitrectomy in the management of intraocular inflammation with dense vitreous opacification, vitrectomy was performed in 14 patients with chronic uveitis, 6 eyes with retinal periphlebitis, and in 8 cases of endophthalmitis. Visual acuity improved in 21 eyes, remained unchanged in 3, and deteriorated in 4 cases (follow-up period 2 months to 3 years). Pre-existing retinal damage such as cystoid macular oedema or degeneration restricted final visual acuity. In most eyes inflammation (aqueous flare and cells) diminished, except in hypotonic eyes with chronic iridocyclitis, which also gained little in vision. The results indicate that vitrectomy is valuable in the treatment of chronic uveitis with vitreous opacification due to cellular invasion and membrane formation, in periphlebitis with vitreous hemorrhages, and in endophthalmitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Histopathology of anterior parts of the optic pathway in patients with multiple sclerose.

Multiple sclerosis involves the anterior part of the optic pathway of 5 patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis. No pathological changes were found in the retina. Plaques were found in all optic nerves, in two of three chiasms and in the optic track from one patient. Periphlebitis was found in three optic nerves, and in one chiasm. One patient had plaques as well as periphlebitis in the optic nerves and chiasm but did not show any changes in the brain or the spinal cord.

Adult↗