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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Tibial plateau size is related to grade of joint space narrowing and osteophytes in healthy women and in women with osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relation of bone size to radiographic severity in knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: 149 women (81 healthy and 68 with knee osteoarthritis) underwent knee radiography and magnetic resonance imaging on their symptomatic or dominant knee. Tibial plateau bone area was measured at baseline and at follow up. RESULTS: Women with osteoarthritis had larger medial and lateral tibial plateau bone area (mean (SD): 1850 (240) mm2 and 1279 (220) mm2, respectively) than healthy women (1670 (200) mm2 and 1050 (130) mm2) (p<0.001 for both differences). For each increase in grade of osteophyte, an increase in bone area was seen of 146 mm2 in the medial compartment and 102 mm2 in the lateral compartment. Similarly, for each increase in grade of joint space narrowing, tibial plateau bone area increased by 160 mm2 in the medial compartment and 131 mm2 in the lateral compartment (significance of regression coefficients all p<0.001). These relations persisted after adjusting for potential confounders, with the exception of the association between grade of medial osteophytes and medial plateau area. CONCLUSIONS: With increasing severity of radiographic knee osteoarthritis, tibial plateau size increases. Whether this bone increase plays a role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis remains to be determined.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1991

Osteophytes in the osteoarthritic hand: their incidence, size, distribution, and progression.

Quantitative microfocal radiographic assessment of osteophytes in osteoarthritic hands showed that their number and area were greatest at joint margins, in the dominant hand, in the second and third compared with fourth and fifth phalanges, in the third phalanx, and in the second distal interphalangeal joint respectively. These sites correspond with those for the largest forces exerted in the hand: the dominant side, the finger tripod used in the precision grip, power grip, and pulp-pinch respectively. The greater osteophytosis on the trapezium of the nondominant first carpometacarpal joint was probably related to forces exerted during power grip. Osteophytes increased significantly in number and area during the 18 month study period.

Arthrography↗
PubMed1976

Pharyngeal symptoms caused by cervical osteophytes.

A case of cervical osteophytes producing the sensation of a 'lump in the throat' is described. This symptom was relieved by excision of the offending osteophytes. Emphasis is placed on the need for surgical correction before progression of degenerative disease makes the procedure technically impossible. Several points concerning the operative and postoperative management are made.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Arthroscopic treatment of sports-related anterior osteophytes in the ankle.

Osteophytes on the anterior aspect of the tibia and anterior talus are common in athletes such as dancers, runners, and high jumpers who impact with quick and forceful dorsiflexion to this area. This pathology is often confirmed easily on lateral x-ray films. Excision, debridement, and/or abrasion arthroplasty can be performed arthroscopically to remove osteophytic bone. The joint space is easily approached and managed using small joint or even regular-sized arthroscopic instruments. Care is taken to reshape the anterior tibia and/or talus to its original contour, thus avoiding impingement of the joint space and scuffing of adjacent articular cartilage. Proper abrasion depths and punch lesions may be needed to expose bleeding capillary bone. This allows a regeneration of a fibrocartilage covering that not only decreases pain but also permits a return to functional and athletic activities. Postoperative treatment, including physical therapy, is described. Three case studies are presented that adequately demonstrate this problem, along with the corrective measures taken. Each case concludes with a brief summary of follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Osteophyte at the sacroiliac joint as a cause of sciatica: a report of four cases.

Four cases of sciatica due to osteophytes impinging on the sciatic nerve at the sacroiliac joint are reported. Of these 4 cases, 2 were treated conservatively and the other 2 required surgical excision of the osteophyte. The report highlights the importance of keeping this uncommon etiology in the differential diagnosis of sciatica.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Dysphagia and dysphonia secondary to anterior cervical osteophytes.

A 77-year-old man presented with a 4-year history of progressive dysphagia to the point that he could no longer swallow solid foods. During the past several months, he had developed dysphonia. Cervical spine x-ray films demonstrated massive anterior degenerative osteophytic spurs between C-3 and C-7. Evaluation with barium swallow and cervical computed tomography demonstrated esophageal and laryngeal compression. Resection of the anterior osteophytes resolved the dysphagia and dysphonia.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Prediction of inter-segment stability and osteophyte formation on the multi-segment C2-C7 after unilateral and bilateral facetectomy.

The objective of this study was to determine the intersegment stability, disc degeneration, and osteophytes formation on the multisegment cervical spine (C2-C7) after unilateral and bilateral facetectomy. A geometrically accurate non-linear three-dimensional model of the intact human cervical spine was created from the digitized coordinates of the dry vertebrae. The intact model was validated against the published results under physiological loading conditions. Eight surgically altered models were created from the intact model. The intact and surgical altered models were subjected to physiological loading. The inclusion of five levels in the present model allowed accurate determination of the intersegment responses and internal cortical bone and disc annulus stress in the adjacent spinal components. Results indicated that facetectomy performed on C5-C6 significantly affects the corresponding stress and intersegment motions at the corresponding C5-C6 levels. The maximum increases were 18 per cent for bilateral facetectomy and 7 per cent for unilateral facetectomy under lateral bending. Combined flexion-extension and axial rotation caused an approximately similar amount of increases after total facetectomy. In addition, adjacent segments (C4-C5 and C6-7) also experience a slight increase in the intersegment responses and internal stress after facetectomy. It has been shown that facetectomy of greater than 50 per cent resulted in segment hypermobility and substantial increase in the disc annulus and cortical bone stress. Increase in the stress may lead to osteophytes formation. This study revealed important information that will help clinicians identify the critical intersegment stability and to decide on the amount of facets resection.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed2004

Retro-pharyngeal obstruction in association with osteophytes of the cervical spine.

We describe five patients with cervical spondylosis and large anterior osteophytes causing pharyngeal compression. All had dysphagia, two had obstructive sleep apnoea and another two had dyspnoea and stridor on inspiration. One, with perforation of the pharynx, required emergency tracheostomy. Only three had pain in the neck or arm. Compression of the retroglottic space was confirmed in all patients by pharyngoscopy and in all the symptoms were relieved by excision of the osteophytes. Three also underwent intervertebral fusion. One had some persistent sleep apnoea.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Upper airway obstruction caused by a cervical osteophyte.

A case of severe acute upper airway obstruction caused by a cervical osteophyte requiring urgent tracheostomy is presented. The patient was treated successfully by resection of the osteophyte followed by cervical fusion.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

Collar osteophytes: a cause of false-positive findings in bone scans for hip fractures.

OBJECTIVE: A retrospective review of our radiology database revealed five elderly patients, seen over a 12-month period, whose findings were judged positive for hip fractures on the basis of their bone scans, but whose MR imaging findings were negative. CONCLUSION: The presence of collar osteophytes around the femoral neck caused a false diagnosis of hip fracture for these patients, as revealed on radionuclide bone scans. CT or MR imaging correlation is needed where collar osteophytes may have caused an incorrect diagnosis of hip fracture based on a bone scan.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Observations on structure of bone in human mandibular condyles with osteophyte formation].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional characteristics of human mandibular condyles from a morphological viewpoint. The structure of bone in the human mandibular condyles with osteophyte formation was observed macroscopically and microscopically and compared with that in the condyles which seemed to be normal. The following observations were made: 1. Generally, it was observed that remodeling seemed to occur frequently in compact bone in the joint surface area of the mandibular condyle. 2. As the distribution of lamellar bone, nonlamellar, and bundle bone in the joint surface area changes, the compact bone seems to shift down and protrude forward. In larger osteophytes, trabeculae of cancellous bone-like structure are observed. However, the basic structure of compact bone, including haversian system and the interlamellae structure remains within the trabecullae. Therefore, observation revealed histologically that this is a compact bone. The macroscopical appearance of cancellous bone-like structure seems to be a result of functional demand. 4. It was concluded that the mandibular condyles accommodate the functional loads, and adoptational changes occur constantly in a stable manner.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Osteophyte formation in the vertebral column: a review of the etiologic factors--Part II.

Osteophyte formation in the vertebral column is a well documented phenomenon that is poorly understood. The most commonly identified etiologic factors are degeneration and altered mechanics of the spine, either of which in turn have been considered to be a result of the natural aging process or the pathogenesis of spinal disease. In Part I [Contemporary Orthopaedics, 29(1): 31-37, 1994], the process of osteophyte formation was reviewed. In Part II, the sequential and consequential changes from the finely interwoven events of aging, degeneration, mechanical instability, and disease are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Dysphagia due to anterior cervical osteophytes--a case report.

Dysphagia due to osteophytes in a young person is uncommon. We present a rare case of Forestier's disease causing dysphagia in a young lady without other bony involvement. The osteophytes were surgically removed and her symptoms resolved completely.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Dysphagia due to a cervical osteophyte: a case report].

Cervical osteophytes and other hypertrophic changes of the cervical spine may lead to dysphagia, odynophagia, otalgia, and sensation of a foreign body in the throat when they protrude from the anterior edge of the cervical vertebrae to the pharynx or upper esophagus. A fifty-three-year-old male patient presented with a complaint of dysphagia. Physical examination showed no abnormality. Barium esophagography revealed osteophytic spurs in the anterior aspect of C4-5 vertebrae, in close approximation to the inlet of esophagus, obstructing the esophagus passage by external compression. Anti-inflammatory therapy administered for three weeks did not provide relief of the patient's complaint. Surgical treatment recommended was refused by the patient.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dysphagia due to anterior cervical osteophyte. Case report.

A case of 61-year-old man with a 2-year history of progressive difficulty in swallowing solid foods is presented. CT-scan and barium swallow test demonstrated an anterior osteophyte at C6. Resection of the osteophyte resolved the dysphagia. The rarity in the neurosurgical literature, the pathogenesis and the management of this condition are discussed.

Deglutition Disorders↗
PubMed1989

Hypertrophic cervical osteophytes presenting with pharyngeal symptoms.

Very few cases have been described of pharyngeal symptoms resulting from upper cervical osteophytes. All other conditions causing dysphagia should be excluded before operating on these spurs. Surgery is also indicated in patients who do not respond to conservative treatment. In our patient, removal of the osteophytes was simple and effective.

Cervical Vertebrae↗