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PubMedDate not supplied

A unique strategy for pediatric community health nursing for ADN students.

Students were overwhelmingly positive when given the opportunity to evaluate the pilot project and the model of pediatric community health nursing. According to the students, the strong points of the model were the orientation before the community experience, the presence of faculty of the community, the ability to contact faculty when needed, and the postclinical conference. The students' comments confirmed the faculty's belief that a clinical experience in community health nursing must place more emphasis on the specialty of community health nursing to be meaningful for students. To do the of job of educating tomorrow's nurses, ADN faculty should develop new strategies for teaching the pediatric clinical component of community health nursing. Clearly, hospitals are no longer the exclusive sites where students learn about patient and family needs and nursing care delivery. Community-based and community-focused experiences will continue to be required so that nursing students are prepared to practice in a dynamic and changing healthcare environment.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1993

Community health nursing in rural and frontier counties.

This article discusses the nature and problems of community health nursing practice in large, sparsely populated rural areas. Data were obtained from more than 30 rural community health nurses practicing in a variety of settings. Salient characteristics and a beginning descriptive theory of rural community health nursing practice are presented.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1989

[A critical evaluation of the role and functions of community health nurses in the health service of local authorities in larger cities in the Republic of South Africa].

The aim of this study was to determine and describe the role and functions of the community health nurse in the health services of local authorities of the larger cities within the framework of legislation regarding health and the health service structure of the Republic of South Africa. A questionnaire was used to gather data in connection with the present role and functions of the community health nurse who is responsible for direct client/patient care in the local authority areas of Greater Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, Durban, Pretoria, Johannesburg and Bloemfontein. The information gained from the questionnaires was followed up by personal observations of the services rendered in Greater Cape Town, Durban and Johannesburg, after it had been computed. The study indicates that the community health nurse in the urban, local authority health services of the Republic makes a very important contribution to the delivery of services within the provisions of the Health Act, no. 63 of 1977. The analysis of the computed data and personal observations showed that the community health nurse in the large cities must carry out a certain percentage of the administrative, educational, preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative activities in the services.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outbreak investigations: Community participation and role of community and public health nurses.

Community and public health nurses (C/PHNs) may play a vital role in the investigation of disease outbreaks. C/PHNs possess skills in conducting interviews on sensitive subjects and in collaborating with communities. C/PHNs maintain key links to community providers, symptomatic clients, their families and associates, as well as community institutions where outbreaks occur. This combination of skills makes C/PHNs ideally suited to perform outbreak investigations. There are, however, pressing questions about whether C/PHNs are adequately prepared to contribute to investigation outcomes, to foster participation of affected communities, and to fully apply nursing skills to outbreak investigations to stop the spread of disease. Using one case study, the authors explore investigation outcomes, community participation issues, educational preparation, and public health funding and workforce policies required to achieve these ends successfully. One model of community participation in the steps of outbreak investigation and several Quad Council domains and competencies are proposed for use in practice. Questions regarding the use of emergency preparedness funding and employment of C/PHNs in epidemiology roles are raised.

Caliciviridae Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selected correlates of job performance of community health nurses.

Using a study sample of 32 community health nurses employed by the Visiting Nurse Association of Hartford, Inc., the relationship of selected attribute and environmental variables was studied, and a quantitative rating of the nurses' job performances was developed. A nonhierarchical stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between job performance and the independent variables: age, education, work experience, five state board licensure examinations, job satisfaction, and leadership behavior. A principal component analysis with Varimax rotation was used to reduce the independent variables to three components: state board examinations, biographical information, and attitude toward the work environment. The raw score model produced a larger multiple correlation (p < .05) than the reduced rank model in the regression analyses. This result was due, in part, to the small sample size in relation to the number of independent variables for the raw score model. However, the rank reduction of the raw scores captured only 38 percent of the variation among the items.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1999

Sharpening the focus on populations: an intentional community health nursing approach. Part II.

An interpretive study conducted in a Midwestern metropolitan area was designed to examine expertise in everyday community health nursing (CHN) practice. Twenty-five nurses from three practice areas (traditional, nontraditional, and program development) participated in group and individual interviews and field observations, sharing stories of their practice. Transcribed interviews and field observation notes were analyzed as a text. One of the major findings of the study focused on experiences of the nurses as they developed the population aspects of their everyday practice. Part I describes the natural development of a population focus of CHN generalists whose care most often targeted individuals and families. The stories of how their practices evolved and were supported by their institutions provided insights into how nurses develop a broad population-focused practice perspective. Part II examines the practice of those CHN specialists who nurse their target populations from an intentional perspective. Their population-focused practice, in which they repeatedly displayed what the research team terms multilingual and multiperspectival skills, was solidly based in their prior individual and family-focused experience and expertise in program planning and evaluation.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1996

Aggregate/community-centered undergraduate community health nursing clinical experience.

Debate continues about the appropriateness of clinical experiences targeting aggregates in undergraduate community health nursing education. This paper describes a practical model to teach, through experience, the concepts of aggregate/community-centered practice at the baccalaureate level. As a voluntary alternative to the usual community assessment paper, groups of students worked in partnership with community groups to define health needs and to address one need. Sequential student groups focused the assessment and implemented a plan. The required time for each project varied. One project is described to illustrate the model. While independent community-centered practice is not expected of the B.S.N. graduate, the model described here develops comprehension of the concepts and process of such practice.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1992

Expertise in community health nursing.

This article reports on a study of expertise in community health nursing. The objective of the study was to develop a model of expertise derived from identification of the characteristics and factors influencing clinical expertise in community health nurses (CHNs) practicing in district nursing, school health, and child health. Participant observations, individual interviews, and written retrospective accounts of clinical episodes were analyzed from 37 nurses (10 novices within the first year of community practice and 27 experts identified by peers and colleagues). The data identified the expert as someone in whom the following characteristics operate synchronously: knowledge; empathy; appropriate communication; holistic understanding; an ability to get right to the problem at hand; and self-confidence in her or his perceptions, judgments, and intervention strategies. The findings suggest that there is a combination of factors which influences the development of expertise. These include educational factors, personal factors, and experience. These factors are incorporated into the model of expertise. The data also suggest that, in order to educate for expert levels of practice, the educational process must be designed to stimulate the learner's perceptual as well as analytic abilities. This can best be achieved through clinical practice opportunities and through demonstrations and case studies which stimulate inferential and intuitive thinking in students.

Australia↗