Visual symbol communication instruction with nonverbal, multiply-handicapped individuals.
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Child↗
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Results for “Nonverbal Communication”
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Communicative assessment of nonverbal youths with severe/profound mental retardation.
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Adolescent↗
[Non-verbal communication of patients with intestinal cancer treated with ostomy].
The purpose of this article is to analyze the nonverbal communication of the participants in a group of bowel cancer ostomy bearers. The type of the investigation was exploratory and observational. The investigation was carried out in a Teaching Hospital. The population was composed by 5 persons, bearing ostomy due to bowel cancer. There were 5 meetings in October and November of 2001. Data was gathered through video recording and field notes. Among the findings we remark the room small size forced the participants to maintain a very close distance that led in difficulties for their spontaneous expression. This article clarifies that the reading of the nonverbal communication enabled the understanding the universe of the investigated persons.
Aged↗
Epilepsy in early development: the lesson from surgery for early intractable seizures.
This report examines the impact on development and the problems involved in assessing development in very young children with early-onset intractable seizures, particularly infantile spasms. A review of studies on medically and surgically treated children with infantile spasms underscores the relationship between seizure control and developmental outcome. About 50% of children with markedly intractable infantile spasms attained seizure control and significant improvement in the use of nonverbal communication, a developmental measure that has been used in other populations of developmentally delayed children. With the exception of duration of illness, clinical measures of age of onset of infantile spasms, type of surgery, and side of surgery did not appear to be related to the postoperative change in nonverbal communication. The neuropathology findings of surgically treated children with infantile spasms suggest that the underlying pathology occurs early in brain development. In conclusion, the cumulative effect of uncontrolled seizures and the underlying pathology might impact the early development of children with intractable infantile spasms.
Age of Onset↗
Asperger's syndrome and autism: differences in behavior, cognition, and adaptive functioning.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether subtypes of children with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) differed on variables that were relatively independent of distinguishing criteria. METHOD: Higher-functioning children with PDD, 4 through 6 years of age, were differentiated into those with autism (n = 47) and those with Asperger's syndrome (n = 21) on the basis of delayed and deviant language development. The groups were then compared on a wide range of measures including PDD symptoms, adaptive behaviors in communication, socialization, and activities of daily living, and an assessment of verbal and nonverbal cognitive skills. RESULTS: Significant differences between the groups existed on many PDD symptoms, adaptive behaviors, and cognitive measures of language competence, but not on aspects of nonverbal communication, nonverbal cognition, or motor development. CONCLUSION: Subtypes of children with PDD can be identified that differ on variables relatively independent of defining characteristics. These findings should provide a firm foundation into research to determine whether children with autism and Asperger's syndrome also differ on outcome, etiology, and response to treatment.
Activities of Daily Living↗
Effects of perceived patient attributes on dentist communication behavior.
The current study was designed to assess the relationship between dentists' communication behavior and their perception of patient attributes such as likeability, manageability, and prognosis. Six AEGD residents were videotaped, and their verbal and nonverbal communication behavior was analyzed in the manner described. Each resident was administered a 20-item questionnaire to determine his/her perception of patient attributes. For overall dentist nonverbal behavior, perception of the patient and the amount of recognized interruptions that the dentist allowed were significantly correlated (r = 0.28, p < 0.05). When the three dentist perception subcategories--Likeability, Manageability, and Prognosis--were analyzed, verbal and nonverbal communication leads were significantly correlated with the dentists' perceptions of patient attributes in each. The hypothesis of a relationship between patient communication behavior and the dentists' perceptions of patient attributes was supported. The results suggest that dentists alter their communication behavior depending on their assessment of various patient qualities. Whether training in interviewing techniques and communication behavior would have an effect on this process is unknown and should be addressed.
Attitude of Health Personnel↗
What do we really know about witness preparation?
Witnesses often meet with an attorney or witness preparation specialist before trial to review, discuss, and sometimes modify the substance and delivery of their anticipated testimony. This process is commonly referred to as witness preparation. During witness preparation, witnesses are taught to use effective testimony delivery skills (e.g., verbal and nonverbal communication skills) so that they will be perceived as being credible and persuasive in the courtroom. Although social scientists know much about communication skills, credibility, and persuasion, few published studies have attempted to determine whether or not these factors can be modified through witness preparation training. The present article reviews the psychological literature pertaining to witness preparation and makes recommendations for needed witness preparation research.
Communication↗
Sensorimotor functioning and prelinguistic communication of severely and profoundly retarded individuals.
The prelinguistic, nonverbal communicative behavior of 40 institutionalized severely and profoundly retarded children and adolescents functioning at various stages of Piaget's sensorimotor period was examined. Five scales of the Uzgiris and Hunt (1975) sensorimotor assessment were used to determine general level of sensorimotor functioning. A standard set of communication elicitation tasks was employed to examine the gestures used to communicate in both imperative and declarative contexts. More competent sensorimotor performance was associated with higher frequency of more sophisticated and symbolic forms of gestural communication, and subjects generally used more complex gestures to communicate in the imperative than in the declarative tasks. Applicability of the results to the design of future language-intervention programs and their implications for general theory concerning the relations between language and cognition and between normal and atypical development were discussed.
Adolescent↗
The Quality and Impact of Relationships between Elementary School Students and Teachers.
The purpose of the present study was to begin to examine, from the expectancy-value framework, several cognitive and motivational variables believed to affect the development of the student/teacher relationship and, in turn, classroom success. Guided by the expectancy-value framework, three student variables are viewed as essential in guiding the success of the student/teacher relationship: (1) their social self-concept beliefs, (2) the value they place on developing a positive relationship with their primary teacher, and (3) their nonverbal communication skills. Eighty-two fourth- and fifth-grade students participated in the study. Variation in the students' perceptions of the quality of their relationship with their primary teacher and their classroom achievement were examined. In general, results suggest students develop schemas, their social self-concept beliefs, about their relationships with teachers that are consistent with their nonverbal communication skills. Furthermore, results suggest that for both positive perceptions of the relationship and academic achievement, valuing the relationship with the primary teacher may compensate for nonverbal difficulties. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.
Journal Article↗
Reflective questions in health counseling.
This study explores questions that nurses ask patients in order to awaken reflection on their health behavior in health counseling. Thirty-eight counseling situations were videotaped in a hospital. The data were analyzed using conversation analysis which was adapted for the purpose of this study. Nonverbal communication supported speech and was interpreted alongside it. This study found that nurses used only a few reflective questions, most of which were future-oriented or introduced hypotheses. In a nonreflective discussion, nurses used only check-up and alternative questions to get information about patients' illnesses and health care measures. Findings indicated that reflective conversation began with check-up questions about patients' immediate situation, followed by questions about patients' feelings in the past, present, or future. On the third level of questioning, the structure might vary between embedded questions, check-up, alternative, or feeling questions. Nonverbal communication supported the discussion. Reflective questions tended to ensure patient-centered conversation and might improve the effectiveness of health counselling.
Adult↗
A clinical performance exercise for medicine--pediatrics residents emphasizing complex psychosocial skills.
PURPOSE: To assess the skills of internal medicine-pediatrics (med-peds) residents in evaluating and counseling patients with complex psychosocial problems using a clinical performance exercise (CPE). METHOD: The authors designed a 13-station CPE [nine standardized-patient (SP) stations and four non-SP stations]. Eight of the SP stations focused on counseling or assessing complex psychosocial needs, and three were videotaped and analyzed for specific verbal and nonverbal communication skills. Residents completed a written task for each station and SPs completed a checklist on interviewing and communication skills and a 52-item patient's-satisfaction survey. All first- and third-year residents (n = 25) from two academic years participated. RESULTS: The range of the average scores on the nine SP stations was 43-75%. The residents performed better with common problems (newborn hospital discharge instructions and cardiac risk-factor counseling) than with more complex problems that are less often encountered in the institution (HIV counseling), or problems less often recognized (adult survivor of childhood sexual abuse). As expected, third-year residents scored better than did first-year residents on the written "plan" part of the SP stations and on the non-SP stations. Third-year and first-year residents had similar scores, however, on measures of verbal and nonverbal communication and patient's satisfaction, and for gathering data and providing information. CONCLUSION: This is the first performance-based evaluation of residents in a combined med-peds residency program. The stations addressed more complex clinical skills than those reported for objective structured clinical evaluations of residents.
Clinical Competence↗
Orientation behaviors and nonverbal attitude communication.
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Adult↗
[Nonverbal mention communication 1 (author's transl)].
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Brain↗
Multichannel communication in normal and delinquent families.
Families containing adjudicated delinquents or nondisturbed adolescents were engaged in a laboratory interaction procedure aimed at assessing inconsistent (nonredundant) verbal-nonverbal communication patterns. Detailed analyses of verbal, facial, and auditory channels indicated higher rates of positive nonverbal, negative verbal communications in control versus delinquent families and in parent-parent versus parent-child interaction. Results are discussed in terms of the potential adaptive characteristics of such "positive inconsistent" communications.
Adolescent↗
[Communication as an interactive process of the nurse-client therapeutic relationship].
The present study, aims mainly to present some specifications concerning the way the communication can work in the interactive process; the specifications show not "what" but "how" the communication can be part of a therapeutic method. Along this study it is intend to make an approach about the theory of communication, pointing out some items believed to be agreed upon either about the efficiency or inefficiency in the therapeutic relationship nurse patient. Especially concerning the nonverbal communication.
Communication↗
[Perceiving feelings in a nonverbal manner].
The present article refers to aspects of nonverbal communication, the importance in interpersonal relations and emotions that can be identified of nonverbal form. It's shows the guide to help nurse's perception of nonverbal signals emitted by himself and by the patients which may express emotions.
Emotions↗
Autistic symptoms in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.
Children with the syndrome of disorders of attention, motor control and perception (DAMP) invariably fill diagnostic criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and commonly have symptoms of autistic spectrum disorders. This study estimates the rate of autistic symptoms in a sample of children with ADHD by using the parent-rated Autism Criteria Checklist. A high proportion of parents (between 65-80%) reported significant difficulties in social interaction (particularly in empathy and peer relationships), and communication (particularly in imaginative ability, nonverbal communication and maintaining conversation). The nature and relationship between ADHD and pervasive developmental disorders is considered, as well as implications for assessment, diagnosis and treatment.
Adolescent↗
Patient communication following head and neck cancer surgery: a pilot study using electronic speech-generating devices.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To describe the communication of patients who received electronic speech-generating devices (SGDs) following surgical procedures for head or neck cancer. DESIGN: Exploratory, complementary mixed methods. SETTING: Otolaryngology surgical inpatient unit of an urban teaching hospital. SAMPLE: 10 purposively selected patients with a mean age of 57.1 years (SD = 12.8 years) and moderately severe illness (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III score mean = 27.1 + 13.2) who had SGDs in their hospital rooms for 9.1 + 6.2 days. METHODS: Observation, interviews, questionnaires, and clinical record review. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES: Communication methods, communication content, SGD use, communication quality (i.e., ease and user satisfaction), barriers to SGD use, and patient clinical characteristics. FINDINGS: SGDs were used in message construction in 8 (17%) out of 48 total observed communication events. Writing (31%) and nonverbal communication (46%) were the most frequently observed primary methods of communication used by patients with head and neck cancer postoperatively. Five patients demonstrated occasional SGD use with or without cuing, and one used the SGD as the dominant communication method. Ease of Communication Scale scores showed only slightly less difficulty with communication when compared to a historic control group. Patients initiated communications more often when SGDs were used in message construction. Poor device positioning, staff unfamiliarity with SGDs, and patient preference and ability for writing were barriers to SGD use. CONCLUSIONS: Although writing and making gestures were the most common communication methods, SGDs were used successfully by selected patients and may be particularly beneficial for constructing complex messages during conversation. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: SGDs may be an appropriate assistive communication strategy for postoperative patients with head and neck cancer. Nurses can facilitate effective patient communication with SGDs by cuing patients on device options and positioning SGDs within easy reach.
Aged↗