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PubMed1986

The effect of prophylactic mebendazole in experimental peritoneal hydatidosis.

The primary treatment of hydatid disease is surgical. The most important complication of the surgical treatment is secondary hydatidosis due to spillage of the cyst contents. Medical treatment, with mebendazole, has been used extensively. This study was undertaken to evaluate the prophylactic effect of mebendazole in experimental peritoneal hydatidosis. Mebendazole was given for 96 hours in a dose of 40 to 65 milligrams per kilogram per day before the inoculation of scolices intraperitoneally. This prophylactic therapy decreased the intraperitoneal formation of cysts significantly from 80 to 11 per cent (p less than 0.005). The preoperative administration is recommended to prevent secondary hydatidosis due to spillage of scolices during the operative intervention.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Chromatographic isolation and mass spectrometric identification of a base-induced mebendazole fluorophor.

Sodium hydroxide treatment of the benzoylbenzimidazole anthelmintics mebendazole and flubendazole produces yellow solutions that possess practically no fluorescence characteristics under various conditions. However, when spotting the alkaline solutions on filter paper and examining the spots under U.V., strong bluish-white fluorescence is obtained. When pouring liquid nitrogen over the spots, a very intense bluish-white fluorescence followed by a long-lasting greenish phosphorescence is observed. These luminescence phenomena allow visualization of 1 ng of mebendazole and of 5 ng of flubendazole per spot. A preparative separation by means of column liquid chromatography was worked out for the isolation of the fluorophor in case of mebendazole. Combined spectroscopic methods indicated the formation of a primary amine function in position 2 of the imidazole nucleus by hydrolytic cleavage of the -NH-CO-bond. A discussion on the mechanism of fluorescence is given.

Mebendazole↗
PubMed1985

First experience in the treatment of human hydatid disease with mebendazole.

The authors report their experience with mebendazole in human hydatid disease. Following a WHO-controlled protocol, 25 patients with hydatidosis were treated with mebendazole, 50 mg/kg/die for 4-8 months. A further 2 patients were treated with mebendazole 30 mg/kg/die for 6 months, outside the WHO protocol. The evaluation of the results was performed by clinical, radiological (X-ray, ultrasounds, computerized tomography) and immunological investigations (monitoring of indirect haemoagglutinating antibodies, specific IgE, lymphocytic blastization, circulating immune complexes, etc.). The results were encouraging and the side-effects were not important; nevertheless, many questions remain to be elucidated.

Echinococcosis↗
PubMed1985

Fluorescein angiographic studies of mebendazole treatment for onchocerciasis.

Mebendazole was compared to placebo treatment in a prospective double-masked study of the treatment of onchocerciasis. Twenty Ghanaian men were randomly assigned to one of two groups and received either mebendazole 2 G per day for 14 days preceded by 300 mg of levamisole in 2 doses or placebo vitamin tablets for 14 days. They were then followed for 12 months. Systemic side effects during the first 2 weeks of treatment were uncommon in each group. Similarly, ocular changes associated with a microfilaricidal action were infrequent. No fluorescein angiographic changes attributable to treatment appeared during the one-year follow up although there was progression of ocular disease in some men in each group. Skin microfilarial (mf) counts fell significantly in both groups at 1 week but returned toward pretreatment levels at 3 months and fell again by 12 months. At no time was there a difference between the placebo-treated control group and the mebendazole/levamisole group in terms of mf counts, ocular changes, clinical changes, biochemical parameters, nor was there a difference in the status of adult worms or embryogenesis assessed in nodules excised at 5 months. These results suggest that, in this study at least, mebendazole/levamisole was no more effective than placebo in treating onchocerciasis. Why mebendazole, which has been previously reported to both suppress embryogenesis and lower skin mf counts, had no effect in this study is unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Chemotherapy of human echinococcosis with mebendazole (Vermox): preliminary clinical results].

Two patients with inoperable multiple Echinococcus granulosus infections involving the lungs and the liver (one patient) were treated with the following daily doses of mebendazole (Vermox): 3 days 1000 mg, 3 days 1500 mg, the following 3 months 30-40 mg/kg body weight. One of the patients had been treated before with mebendazole in similar doses for 3 periods of 5-6 weeks each. The patients received the drug as 500 mg tablets divided into 3 daily doses after meals. After termination of treatment a distinct regression of lung cysts was demonstrable in both patients, with the exception of one cyst. The liver cyst in one of the patients had also decreased in size. About 8 months after therapy signs of reactivation of lung cysts were observed in one patient, and a new course of mebendazole treatment was therefore started.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Flubendazole versus mebendazole in intestinal helminthic infections.

In a double-blind study the vermicidal effect of flubendazole, a new benzimidazole derivative, was evaluated and compared to mebendazole. Both drugs were administered in a single dose of 600 mg. While in the treatment of Ascaris and hookworm infestations flubendazole and mebendazole showed a similar efficacy, mebendazole seemed to be slightly superior in the treatment of trichuriasis. Both drugs were well tolerated and no side effects were observed even in patients with a heavy worm load.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[2 cases of vertebral hydatidosis treated by the association of surgery and mebendazole].

Two cases of vertebral hydatidosis were diagnosed only at the time of operation. The first one, a lumbar localisation treated as a tuberculosis, by posterior graft and chemotherapy went to a large vertebral destruction with paraplegia. An anterior approach revealed the hydatids. A large excision associated with graft and osteosynthesis gave only a temporary improvement, but the treatment by Mebendazol cured the neurological symptoms. The second case, with a large destruction of L5 and S1, was also treated as a tuberculosis even after a decompressive laminectomy and recognized at a second operation on the sacrum. A left paralysis, incompletely improved by a decompression, appeared as favourably influenced by Mebendazol. Epidemiologic conditions of hydatosis, difficulties of diagnosis of the rare bony localizations, are recalled. The great problem of treatment, especially in the most frequent vertebral lesions, where complete excision is impossible, appears as hopefully improved by Mebendazol.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Hepatocellular drug reaction caused by mebendazole therapy in cystic echinococcosis].

A 76 years-old male patient received mebendazole, 500 mg four times a day (appr. 29 mg per kg body weight) for treatment of sonographically and serologically proven cystic echinococcosis of the liver. On day 49 of this therapy he developed an exanthema, and mebendazole-administration was interrupted. At the same time a striking rise of serum transaminases was observed. When enzyme levels normalized, a reexposure using a low dose of mebendazole lead to a new more pronounced rise of transaminases suggesting a drug-induced hepatocellular damage. No measurable change of the Echinococcus cyst was observed during treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

The pharmacokinetics of mebendazole and flubendazole in animals and man.

A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay procedure was developed for mebendazole and flubendazole enabling a more thorough study of the systemic absorption and pharmacokinetic behaviour of the drugs. In rats, plasma levels of oral and subcutaneous mebendazole were about 10 times higher than those of flubendazole. The pro-drug R 34 803 showed levels of metabolically formed flubendazole similar to those found for mebendazole. Intramuscular flubendazole in dogs, injected for 5 consecutive days, produced sustained fairly high plasma levels for at least 6 weeks after the last dose. The absorption of oral flubendazole in man was markedly enhanced when the drug was taken together with a meal. A 20-times higher dose, however, produced only an increase by 1.4 of the plasma levels and AUC-values, indicating that the absorption of flubendazole is limited by the extremely poor solubility of the drug in the contents of the gastrointestinal tract.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Treatment of peritoneal hydatidosis with mebendazole. Preliminary study (author's transl)].

Authors present three cases of peritoneal hydatidosis, two of which are due to spontaneous rupture of hepatic hydatid cysts and the other due to operative rupture of ovarian hydatid cyst. A dose of 1 g./day of mebendazole was administered for 11 months with 30 day break periods every three months. Mebendazole has proved effective in the treatment of secondary echinococcosis. In authors judgement this may be an effective treatment for peritoneal spreading if mebendazole is used at an early stage since they have verified the absence of dissemination in one of the cases and an inactive dissemination in other one. If treatment is applied later, regression is achieved too, but more slowly. Immunological and ecographical results are reported in detail as well as surgical and pathologic findings. A cautious interpretation of these preliminary results is advised since data on long-term results are lacking.

Benzimidazoles↗
PubMed1981

The use of mebendazole in the treatment of trichinellosis in man.

A description is given of an epidemic of trichinellosis in the districts of Kosice and Roznava, Slovakia. the confirmed cause of the epidemic was the consumption of wild hog meat which had escaped a veterinary meat inspection. The course of infection was apparent in 10 patients, inapparent in 16. Mebendazole in doses from 100-600 mg/day was administered for 6-10 days to 9 patients with a clinically apparent, and to one patient with an inapparent infection. Both the clinical course and results of a biopsy examination suggested that the doses had not been high enough for a positive effect of the treatment. Two years after the acute stage of trichinellosis, we repeated the treatment in one patient using a dose of 100 mg/day of mebendazole for a period of 14 days. An improvement of the clinical picture and results of a biopsy examination supported our assumption that an effective treatment of acute trichinellosis requires high doses of mebendazole.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Efficacy of mebendazole on Elaphostrongylus rangiferi in reindeer (author's transl)].

Elaphostrongylus rangiferi is a very common parasite in Scandinavian reindeer, causing losses due to cerebral nematodiasis and granulomatous parasitic pneumonias and also causing a discard of parts of the carcass at meat inspection. In limited experiments, the efficacy of mebendazole on E. rangiferi has been tested. It was found that daily treatment during a period of 10 days with 6 mg/kg body weight, given as medicated feed, resulted in a decreased fecal larval count at the 10th day and a total cessation of excretion of larvae at the 43rd day, indicating a good anthelmintic effect of mebendazole on E. rangiferi. Single dose treatment with 40 mg/kg body weight was not adequate against E. rangiferi. This dose level, however, completely eliminated excretion of gastrointestinal parasite eggs, as did the 10 day treatment with 6 mg/kg body weight of mebendazole. This dose is double that of the recommended dose for wild ruminants and the need of higher dose is discussed to be due to the dominance of older females of the flock, giving less access to the food for the low-ranked animals. Long-time treatment of reindeer, comparable to the method used, is possible during periods of supplementary feeding during spring-time and then not interfering with the normal management. Deworming will then also intervene with the peak of larvae excretion. Thus it seems possible to considerably decrease the number of larvae on the pastures.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1981

Flubendazole and mebendazole in the treatment of trichuriasis and other helminthiases.

Forty patients were treated with either flubendazole or mebendazole, 100 mg twice a day for three days, in a double-blind, prospective, randomized study. The study concentrated on patients with Trichuris trichiura infections, although the effects of the anthelmintic agents on concomitant Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm infections were also evaluated. Results from 35 evaluable patients showed complete cure in 17/19 (89%) patients treated with flubendazole and 15/16 (94%) patients treated with mebendazole (P less than 0.05, no significant difference). Significant reduction in Trichuris egg counts was noted in the three other patients. No significant adverse clinical or laboratory reactions were noted. Other roundworms were completely eradicated by both anthelmintic agents. Based on this study, flubendazole appears to be as effective and safe as mebendazole in the treatment of nematode infections.

Antinematodal Agents↗
PubMed1994

Efficacy of a single dose of mebendazole on prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted nematodes in Zanzibar.

The efficacy of a single-dose of mebendazole to treat intestinal helminths was studied in Pemba Island, Zanzibar, with the view of incorporating it in future control programmes. A single Kato-Katz stool examination was performed on 2,269 individuals from all age groups. 1,883 individuals were treated with 500 mg of mebendazole (250 mg for children below two years) and re-examined one month and four months after therapy. A total of 466 presented themselves for all three surveys and the data has been reported in this study. The overall cure rate for ascariasis was 93.2% and reduction of egg load after treatment was 89.8% in persistent positive cases. Although the cure rates were lower in trichuriasis (25.6%) and hookworm (17.8%) infections, egg reduction was more evident with 47% for Trichuris trichiura and 51.9% for hookworms. A single dose of mebendazole results not only in a high cure rate for ascariasis but also in a decrease in intensity of ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infections, thereby contributing to its incorporation into low-budget control programmes in developing countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Effects of mebendazole, albendazole, and praziquantel on fumarate hydratase, pyruvate kinase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase of Echinococcus granulosus cyst wall harbored in mice.

Echinococcus granulosus cyst wall exhibited activities of fumarate hydratase (FH), pyruvate kinase (PK), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) with 911-1433, 151-215, and 54-98U, respectively. The ratio of PK/PEPCK was 2.2-2.7, indicating that glycolysis is the main pathway of carbohydrate metabolism in the cyst wall. When infected mice were treated ig with mebendazole, albendazole or praziquantel at the respective daily dose of 25-50, 300, and 500 mg.kg-1 for 7-14 d, no apparent change of FH activity in the cyst wall was found, while PK and PEPCK activities in the cyst wall were markedly inhibited by mebendazole and albendazole. The inhibition rates of PK and PEPCK activities in mebendazole group were 85-88% and 90-92%, respectively, while in albendazole group were 55.3 and 71.6%, respectively. The results suggest that PK or PEPCK in the cyst wall may the important site attacked by effective anti-hydatid drugs.

Albendazole↗
PubMed1993

Comparative efficacy of a single 400 mg dose of albendazole or mebendazole in the treatment of nematode infections in children.

The relative efficacy of a single 400 mg dose of albendazole or mebendazole in the treatment of nematode infections was assessed in 2- to 9-year-old children living in two different Bolivian rural communities. Both agents were equally very effective (100% cure rate) in treating ascariasis. Albendazole was clearly more active than mebendazole against hookworm infections, both in terms of egg reduction rate (92.8% vs. 62.4%) and cure rate (81.8% vs. 17.2%). As far as trichuriasis is concerned, albendazole produced a higher egg reduction rate than mebendazole (45.7% vs 15%), but a lower cure rate (33.3% vs 60%). Both drugs were well tolerated.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

[The use of mebendazole associated with inoxuprin in the treatment of Schistosomiasis haematobium].

A controlled clinic assay was realized with 217 students of Marracuene, Maputo province in Mozambique. They were positives to Schistosoma haematobium parasite and 204 of them were positives helmints too. We created two groups for study. Group I received Mebendazole as treatment and Group II received Mebendazole and Inoxuprin that is considered as immunomodulator. They were rechecked one and six month after received treatment and we comproved that any people in Group II resulted positive after six month of treatment. We can be suppose that inoxuprin act to increasing the FC expression spot in mastocytes, eosinophils and B leukocytes and produce an augment in the number of specific IgE. In other hand when the parasites number is reduced or eliminated by Mebendazole, is reduced too the neuropeptides concentration and diminish the blocked of IFN gamma excretion, in this form we can to explain the infection resistance in the ages that are reported.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1976

Mebendazole in the treatment of helminthiasis.

Mebendazole, a new broad-spectrum anthelmintic, was used to treat patients with nematode infections--ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm. The dosage for adults was 100 mg twice daily for 3 days and for children, 50 mg twice daily for 3 days. Pretreatment and post-treatment egg counts on stool specimens showed that after mebendazole there was a reduction of over 99% in egg count per gram of stool in all three types of infection. The overall cure rates for the infections were as follows: Ascaris lumbricoides, 86.8% (59/68); Trichuris trichiura, 86.0% (37/43); and hookworm, 85.7% (24/28). The drug was equally effective in light and heavy infections. No important side effect was noted with this drug. It is suggested that mebendazole is the drug of choice for trichuriasis and mixed nematode infection.

Adult↗