The detection by microfilm of lung cancer in mass surveys for tuberculosis.
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This article has been written to assist the records manager who may be faced with the task of determining qualitative standards for microfilm services. While the discussion will cover a wide spectrum of microform products, it is aimed primarily at those who are considering the conversion of source documents to conventional roll film or jackets. It includes an explanation of the impact of poor quality on the use of film in a records management program, and offers suggestions for the establishment of minimum standards for both inhouse and service bureau filming. A sample contract is provided to aid in developing a more specific contract. The article is based on experience gained in the operation of a microfilm service bureau, and is a result of having observed the consequences of microfilm conversion efforts which were entered into without adequate preparation and without a definition of specific standards. Recommended standards are based upon AIIM criteria for source document microfilm and articulated in such a manner as to permit inclusion in a contract proposal or inhouse working policy.
Medicine strives to preserve the achievements of the past for the benefit of future clinicians and scientists. However, the paper on which medical journals are printed is steadily and irreversibly decaying. Since the late 1800s, most medical journals have been published on paper prepared with acids. In recent years, publishers, authors, and archivists have become aware of the destructive effects of acid decay on medical journals. Though the cause of deterioration is well understood, the choice of a remedy is still controversial. Remedies include acid-free paper, computerization, deacidification, and microfilm. These techniques are reviewed for their reliability, comprehensiveness, and cost-effectiveness. Microfilm is recommended above other techniques as the most immediately promising solution. The authors propose that publishers be required by law to submit archival quality microfilm as a condition for copyright protection.
When advantage is taken of the newest qualities of microfilms and copy films and when using their special developers and developing machines, it seems today that the microfilming of radiographs on 35 mm film is successful. Equipment in the price range of 67 000 DM is available. It includes automated filming and developing, but slipping microfilms onto the punch card jackets is semi-automatic. The advantage of the equipment is its low price, its small size compared to the Delcomat system, and thus its smaller filing space need. Also, the automation of filing is possible with this system. The system seems to be quite suitable for at least creating and maintenance of teaching files.
The results of one year's routine use of primary microfilm in a large diagnostic radiological institute is reviewed. Positive views were treated by electronic contrast enhancement in an integrated system of immediate filming and filing. The resulting changes and improvements in running the department are described. This involves a fundamental reorganisation of the department, as well as equipment which is not yet commercially available. The latter had therefore to be improvised and is described. Similar procedures introduced elsewhere are critically evaluated. The advantages of immediate filming are stressed and a comparison with conventional large film filing demonstrates its financial advantages. Logical application of the method results in saving in personnel and material, but implies that the radiologist must be prepared to change to positive films in routine diagnosis. By using microfilm positives with a resolution of 4.0 pairs of lines per mm., the results equal those from large film negatives.
A model is developed to describe the growth of a medical records store subject to rules for microfilming or disposing of record files when they have not been used within a given period of time. Separate projections are given for the number of files in the system and for the volume of file contents. The model allows different microfilm policies to be compared and aids the long term planning of storage facilities.
Information is being microfilmed and scanned in the Southern Urals to ensure the archival preservation of the unique, important and irreplaceable records documenting chronic low-level radiation exposure to workers and neighboring populations of the Mayak Production Association (MAYAK), as well as health effects. The records include dosimetric and epidemiologic information maintained on workers and neighboring populations located at facilities in Ozyorsk and Chelyabinsk. Microfilming is being done in Ozyorsk, and on a more limited basis in Chelyabinsk, where a scanning project has also recently been initiated. Over 1,800 rolls of film have been produced as of the fall of 1999. This article describes the background and results of this data preservation effort and includes brief summary tables describing the types of records being preserved. Researchers interested in access to these records should contact Paul Seligman, Deputy Assistant Secretary for the Office of Health Studies at the Department of Energy (DOE) for more information.