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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

A controlled study of intrathecal antibiotic therapy in gram-negative enteric meningitis of infancy. Report of the neonatal meningitis cooperative study group.

Eighteen institutions collaborated in evaluating the comparative efficacy of combined ampicillin and gentamicin therapy with and without intrathecal administration of gentamicin on the clinical and bacteriologic responses of 117 infants with meningitis caused by gram-negative enteric bacteria. There was a random distribution of patients within the two study groups with regard to age on enrollment, birth weight, sex, race, number of infants greater than 30 days of age, the etiologic agent, and their antimicrobial susceptibilities. There were no statistically significant differences (P greater than 0.05) in mortality, morbidity, or days that cerebrospinal fluid cultures remained positive among the infants in the two treatment groups. The case fatality rate for all patients was 32%; that for full-term infants (18%) was significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than that for low-birth-weight infants (45%) or for the patients greater than 30 days of age (48%). Fifty-one of the 80 (64%) survivors were assessed as normal on follow-up examinations performed up to four years after illness.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1983

Meningococcal meningitis in childhood. A five-year study of meningococcal meningitis in Ibadan, southern Nigeria.

Meningococcal meningitis is uncommon in the rain belt of southern Nigeria. Only twenty-six children were treated in one hospital in five years. Almost half the total number were seen during the four dry months of the year. However, the incidence in any one year was not necessarily correlated with the season. It appears that the longer the disease lasted before admission, the better the prognosis. Also, if the disease was severe enough to require admission within 24 hours of onset, the prognosis was poor. Survivors did not develop complications.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Eosinophilic meningitis following incomplete resection of a meningeal hydatid cyst.

Cerebral hydatid cyst is a rare complication of cystic echinococcosis (CE), but is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. The case is described of a patient presenting with cerebral CE, complicated by a postoperative eosinophilic meningitis which resolved under corticosteroids. The therapeutic options for cerebral CE are discussed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2001

Immunodiagnosis of tuberculous meningitis: detection of antibody reactivity to antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cysticercus cellulosae in cerebrospinal fluid tuberculous meningitis patients by ELISA.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was standardized and evaluated for detection of antibody response in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cysticercus cellulosae. Sonicated extracts of heat killed M. tuberculosis H37Rv and C. cellulosae were prepared and used in ELISA to detect respective antibody response in CSFs for a definitive diagnosis as to tuberculous meningitis (TBM)/neurocysticercosis (NCC). ELISA was performed in a total of 201 CSF samples, which include Group I: chronic infections of the central nervous system (CNS) with possible diagnosis of TBM, tuberculoma, or NCC (n = 70), and Group II: control group of patients with infectious neurological (n = 19), non-infectious neurological (n = 82), and non-infectious non-neurological conditions, i.e., spinal anaesthesia CSFs (n = 30). Specificity in this study was 99.9% and no true cross-reactivity between antimycobacterial antibodies and C. cellulosae antigens and vice-versa was observed. However, in 17.14% of CSFs (12/70), both antimycobacterial and anticysticercal antibodies were detected, 50% of these cases were diagnosed as TBM. But none of the proven NCC cases showed presence of antimycobacterial antibodies. Results of this study would indicate that it would be beneficial if both antibody and antigen responses are detected in CSFs to infectious aetiologies such as M. tuberculosis, C. cellulosae, and C. neoformans in order to enhance the diagnostic accuracy and proper management, as these diseases are highly endemic in underdeveloped and developing countries.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Cytokine profiles in cerebrospinal fluid of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with cryptococcal meningitis: no leukocytosis despite high interleukin-8 levels. University of Zimbabwe Meningitis Group.

Cytokine levels were studied in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 16 adults with cryptococcal meningitis (CM). Low levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon-gamma, high levels of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8, and the presence of IL-10 were documented. There were no significant differences in levels of TNF-alpha and interferon-gamma for CM and control patients. Mean CSF levels of IL-1beta (139.5 pg/mL), IL-6 (346 pg/mL), IL-8 (1160 pg/mL), and IL-10 (9.27 pg/mL) were significantly (P < .01) elevated in CM patients compared with levels in control patients. Despite the high CSF levels of IL-8, minimal leukocytosis was seen. Significant correlations between cryptococcal antigen titers and IL-10 levels (r = .8, P < .05), protein and cryptococcal antigen titer (r = .9, P < .05), and protein and IL-10 levels (r = .8, P < .05) were found.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1985

[Factors of meningeal diffusion of amoxicillin and ampicillin at the acute phase of purulent meningitis in children].

Amoxicillin and ampicillin levels were comparatively studied in blood and CSF of children with purulent meningitis. Thirty one children aged 2 months to 11 years were treated by one of two beta lactams by monotherapy in a daily dose of 200 mg/kg (Group 1: amoxicillin, n = 17; group 2: ampicillin, n = 14). Samples were collected on day 2 one hour after administration of 50 mg/kg IV of the chosen antibiotic. The mean levels observed in serum (69.5 and 53.4 micrograms/ml) and in CSF (7.74 and 7.96) were not significantly different. Beyond these levels we studied different biologic parameters in CSF: leucocytes, polymorphonuclears, protein, glucose and lactic acid. Multiple linear correlations were found, for the two groups and for the whole population between the CSF antibiotic level and the 6 other parameters (group 1: R1 = 0.82; group 2: R2 = 0.88; group 1 + 2: R3 = 0.78). The best correlated parameters with antibiotic CSF level are serum antibiotic level and CSF lactic acid. With these two parameters we can also estimate antibiotic level in CSF with good correlations (R1 = 0.78; R2 = 0.72 and R3 = 0.72).

Amoxicillin↗