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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

A management information system to study space diets.

A management information system (MIS), including a database management system (DBMS) and a decision support system (DSS), was developed to dynamically analyze the variable nutritional content of foods grown and prepared in an Advanced Life Support System (ALSS) such as required for long-duration space missions. The DBMS was designed around the known nutritional content of a list of candidate crops and their prepared foods. The DSS was designed to determine the composition of the daily crew diet based on crop and nutritional information stored in the DBMS. Each of the selected food items was assumed to be harvested from a yet-to-be designed ALSS biomass production subsystem and further prepared in accompanying food preparation subsystems. The developed DBMS allows for the analysis of the nutrient composition of a sample 20-day diet for future Advanced Life Support missions and is able to determine the required quantities of food needed to satisfy the crew's daily consumption. In addition, based on published crop growth rates, the DBMS was able to calculate the required size of the biomass production area needed to satisfy the daily food requirements for the crew. Results from this study can be used to help design future ALSS for which the integration of various subsystems (e.g., biomass production, food preparation and consumption, and waste processing) is paramount for the success of the mission.

Biomass↗
PubMed1994

The development of a graduate program in health information management.

The development of a graduate program in Health Information Management is described. The purpose of the program is to prepare individuals to assume executive level roles in a variety of health-care enterprises in health information resources management. The curriculum is based on empirical findings of a role delineation study of chief information officers (CIOs) in the USA. A model of professional practice of the CIO was developed from study findings which describes the role of the CIO from the standpoint of functional areas of entrepreneur, resource allocator, negotiator, information disseminator, information monitor, leader, and operations manager.

Education, Graduate↗
PubMed1995

Meeting the Joint Commission's information management planning standard: a primer and example.

The 1994 edition of the Accreditation Manual for Hospitals contains the first release of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations' new standards for information management. These standards reflect the Joint Commission's vision of how hospitals should be managing one of their key corporate assets: information. The article focuses on the information management planning section of the standards. A sample information management plan is provided along with practical advice and experience in conducting a strategic planning project.

Accreditation↗
PubMed2005

Design and implementation of a health management information system in Malawi: issues, innovations and results.

As in many developing countries, lack of reliable data and grossly inadequate appreciation and use of available information in planning and management of health services were two main weaknesses of the health information systems in Malawi. Malawi began strengthening its health management information system with an analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of existing information systems, sharing findings with all stakeholders. All were agreed on the need for reformation of various, vertical programme-specific information systems into a comprehensive, integrated, decentralized and action-oriented simple system. As a first step towards conceptualization and design of the system, a minimum set of indicators was identified and a strategy was formulated for establishing a system in the country. The design focused only on the use of information in planning, management and the improvement of quality and coverage of services. All health and support personnel were trained, employing a training of trainers cascade approach. Information management and use was incorporated into the pre-service training curriculum and the job description of all health workers and support personnel. Quarterly feedback, supportive supervision visits and annual reviews were institutionalized. Civil society organizations were involved in monitoring coverage of health services at local levels. A mid-term review of the achievements of the health information system judged it to be one of the best in Africa. For the first time in Malawi, the health sector has information by facility by month. Yet very little improvement has been noted in use of information in rationalizing decisions. The conclusion is that, no matter how good the design of an information system, it will not be effective unless there is internal desire, dedication and commitment of leadership to have an effective and efficient health service management system.

Diffusion of Innovation↗
PubMed2001

Conceptual database modeling: a method for enabling end users (radiologists) to understand and develop their information management applications.

As medical technology advances at a rapid pace, clinicians become further and further removed from the design of their own technological tools. This is particularly evident with information management. For radiologists, clinical histories, patient reports, and other pertinent information require sophisticated tools for data handling. However, as databases grow more powerful and sophisticated, systems require the expertise of programmers and information technology personnel. The radiologist, the clinician end-user, must maintain involvement in the development of system tools to insure effective information management. Conceptual database modeling is a design method that serves to bridge the gap between the technological aspects of information management and its clinical applications. Conceptual database modeling involves developing information systems in simple language so that anyone can have input into the overall design. This presentation describes conceptual database modeling, using object role modeling, as a means by which end-users (clinicians) may participate in database development.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed1990

Achieving competitive advantage through information management.

Healthcare organizations exist to deliver quality services at appropriate prices. The issue, of course, is how to define quality services and appropriate prices--or, in other words, how to compete. To ignore this question is to invite erosion of market share and deterioration of margins--the twin components of superior performance.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed2001

Management information failings and future requirements for dental commissioning groups.

OBJECTIVE: To examine existing secondary care management information systems for dental specialities, and to determine their completeness and suitability for supporting effective primary care led purchasing decisions. DESIGN: An observational cross-sectional study of current information systems in selected secondary care provider units and the applicability of their data for contracting dental services. A comparative study of two information systems in two settings (primary and secondary care) and the utility of the data gathered for contracting for dental services. SUBJECTS: Secondary care activity data was sought from the key secondary dental care providers (hospitals) in two dental total purchasing localities. Referral data were also collected directly from general dental practitioners. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The integrity, quality and accuracy of current secondary care activity data in dental specialities, in comparison to data supplied from primary dental care. RESULTS: The secondary care activity data was found to be incomplete, inadequate and inaccurate. It was found that due to data retrieval insufficiency, indicative budgets for secondary providers may be reduced to less than half of their actual entitlement. The data inflated individual dental outpatient attendance by 3.3 times between 1995/6 and by 2.5 times between 1996/7. CONCLUSION: Existing management information systems within secondary care providers are not structured in a way which will adequately inform future commissioning by the dental profession. Communication between primary and secondary care must be increased and data inputting methods in secondary care provider units must be substantially improved.

Budgets↗
PubMed2004

A shortage of health information management professionals: how would we know?

The introduction of computers, the expansion of health insurance coverage through employers and government programs, and the increased use of personal health information have created a demand for a new breed of qualified medical record and health information personnel. The health information management workforce, which is entrusted with accurately coding, maintaining, storing, managing, analyzing, and disseminating all personal health information created from health care encounters, is reportedly in short supply. Given the complexity in defining and enumerating the profession, it is challenging to determine if such a shortage exists. There is a lack of uniformity across scope of practice, job titles, educational paths, and credentials. We report selected findings from a study of the health information management profession in North Carolina illustrating the methodologic problems encountered when measuring the supply and demand of this workforce. A case is made that greater standardization across these multiple facets of the profession would be beneficial to the workforce, and we offer recommendations on how this could be accomplished.

Certification↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management information systems in the HMO environment.

Realization of the unique potential of a health maintenance organization is dependent on the availability of adequate, accurate, and timely information. The particular data needed are determined by the structure of the organization; the physician compensation plans; requirements for state, federal, or other reporting; and many other factors. The author introduces the concept and objectives of the HMO, and presents the management information systems necessary for planning and monitoring HMO performance: patient information, utilization information, and management information for the staff and nonstaff HMO.

Health Maintenance Organizations↗
PubMed1997

Value-based formulas for purchasing. Pursuing value in Medicaid managed care: access to care and enrollee information management.

Medicaid and other publicly funded health coverage programs face special challenges in managed care purchasing. This article discusses two of those challenges based on the state of Minnesota's experience: how to develop, evaluate, and communicate access to care; and how to manage the transfer of enrollee eligibility and health status information.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed2000

Teaching information management.

Managing in the present chaotic hospital financing environment requires integrated clinical/financial data systems and people who know how to use them. Health care management students of the present and future will need to understand how these information systems are structured and used. This article describes a graduate course in integrated clinical/financial information management as it has evolved at Yale University. The course provides students a vicarious experience in information management through class sessions and exercises using a database of real patient and cost center level information. Health care management of the future will depend on interdisciplinary collaboration and partnerships in education between provider organizations and academic programs. Both are modeled in the course.

Clinical Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Conceptual database modeling for understanding and developing information management applications.

In response to rising health care costs and changing expectations concerning the quality of health care, information management is becoming increasingly important in the practice of medicine; more specifically, it is beginning to effect significant changes in radiology practice and patient care. Radiologic applications of information management include reporting diagnostic information generated from film interpretation as well as tracking utilization patterns of different imaging modalities and the variability of clinical outcomes, documenting the type of information sought by and provided to clinicians, and evaluating departmental quality standards and performance goals. Conceptual database modeling enables radiologists to understand and participate in the development of information systems, thereby improving the likelihood of successful results. In object-role modeling, groups of relevant objects and roles are identified and used to create elementary facts that form the "building blocks" for information models. The resultant models can easily be communicated, reviewed, and revised, allowing decreased development time and optimizing inclusion of relevant features in the target relational database. Increasing the amount of clinical and management input in the development process may help information systems better meet user needs, become accepted and more often used, and ultimately succeed.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed2005

Teaching evidence-based medicine: should we be teaching information management instead?

To encourage high-quality patient care guided by the best evidence, many medical schools and residencies are teaching techniques for critically evaluating the medical literature. While a large step forward, these skills of evidence-based medicine are necessary but not sufficient for the practice of contemporary medicine. Incorporating the best evidence into the real world of busy clinical practice requires the applied science of information management. Clinicians must learn the techniques and skills to focus on finding, evaluating, and using information at the point of care. This information must be both relevant to themselves and their patients as well as being valid. The authors discuss the need to teach the applied science of information management along with, or perhaps even instead of, teaching the basic science of evidence-based medicine. All students, residents, and practicing physicians need three skills to practice the best medicine: the ability to select foraging--"keeping up"--tools that filter information for relevance and validity, the skill to select and use a hunting--"just in time"--information tool that presents prefiltered information easily and in a quickly accessible form at the point of care, and the ability to make decisions by combining the best patient-oriented evidence with patient-centered care, placing the evidence in perspective with the needs and desires of the patient. This teaching of information management skills will prepare students and residents for a practice of medicine that requires lifelong learning.

Competency-Based Education↗
PubMed2003

CRC Clinical Trials Management System (CTMS): an integrated information management solution for collaborative clinical research.

The Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Research Consortium (CRC) consists of 9 geographically distributed sites conducting a program of research including both basic science and clinical components. To enable the CRC's clinical research efforts, a system providing for real-time collaboration was required. CTMS provides such functionality, and demonstrates that the use of novel data modeling, web-application platforms, and management strategies provides for the deployment of an extensible, cost effective solution in such an environment.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMed1988

The psychology of personal information management.

A requirement of 'The Office of the Future' is that it provides us with an effective way of storing and retrieving information. But existing IT products go nowhere near supporting the variety of activities which can be observed in paper-based offices, and it is not surprising that concepts of the 'paperless office' are as far off as they were when the idea was first mooted. This paper illustrates how many of the issues involved in the automation of information management are essentially psychological in nature. These principally devolve upon the processes of recall, recognition and categorisation. Examples of existing information management techniques show how there is a trend to automate with a view to simulating office practices, or to develop according to the availability of technological solutions. Both of these are inefficient with respect to the user's psychological needs. A framework for developing user-oriented information management systems is discussed and relevant research issues presented.

Journal Article↗