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PubMed2004

Patient-practitioner-remedy (PPR) entanglement. Part 4. Towards classification and unification of the different entanglement models for homeopathy.

The possibility of classifying and unifying some of the recent entanglement models for homeopathy is discussed. Unification involves combining the previous GHZ/WQT-based entanglement model, itself a fusion of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) three-particle entanglement and a generalised version of quantum theory, called Weak Quantum Theory (WQT), with Walach's semiotic model involving double entanglement. The new combined model invokes a 'geometry' of patient-practitioner-remedy (PPR) entanglement embedded in a therapeutic state space.

Homeopathy↗
PubMed2005

Entanglement and some heretical thoughts about homeopathy.

This paper proposes the emergent entanglement theory of homeopathy. This is based on the lack of evidence that choice of homeopathic medicine is important and predicts links between effectiveness of homeopathic medicines and their manufacturers. It predicts that there will be a consistent variation, in terms of outcome, between homeopaths, and between medicines made by different manufacturers, but not the specific homeopathic medicines prescribed. This theory is potentially testable.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed2006

Poetry and homeopathy: an exploration.

This paper explores a relationship between poetry and homeopathy. It proposes we expand and enlighten our knowledge of the patient and develop our consultation through our experience of poetry. Within each consultation is a poem. Heightened awareness of this and many other aspects can improve the sensibilities of the practitioner and enhance deeper healing of the patient. We are challenged to respond.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2005

[Homeopathy confronted with clinical research].

Homeopathy is a medical practice using medications characterized by four basic principles: similitude, dilution, dynamization, and personalization. To date, there is no scientific evidence supporting any of these principles. For this reason, careful examination of clinical evaluation of homeotherapy trials is the only pragmatic way of evaluating the value of the "homeopathic pharmacy". Many clinical trials have been conducted over the last decade. Clinical trials are not however a prerequisite for marketing these medications since the legal authorities do not require proof of efficacy for marketing authorization. Unfortunately, these trials which are rarely favorable, often present methodological biases which compromise the readability of results and the validity of conclusions. Both meta-analyses and individual trials performed in a broad spectrum of clinical situations exclude severe disease and do not provide data suggesting these products are effective or produce effects reproducible from one team to another or over time. For this reason, and at the present state of our knowledge, their use cannot be recommended. The public authorities should now require the demonstration of efficacy before awarding marketing approval for homeopathic medications.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1997

Homeopathy in office practice.

Homeopathy is widely used around the world and is regaining popularity in the United States where it enjoyed popular and therapeutic success in the 1800s. Relying on systematic principles of health and disease first set forth by Samuel Hahnemann in 1810, it offers a powerful and inexpensive means of promoting self-care and of augmenting therapeutic options for the family physician. History, theory and practical considerations are reviewed.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1996

Management of feline lower urinary tract disease by homeopathy.

Homeopathy is a system of therapeutics based on a philosophy of treating various disease symptoms with minute quantities of natural drugs capable of producing comparable symptoms if given in large doses to healthy patients. Suitable studies have not been performed to substantiate the claim that they have any beneficial effect in cats with lower urinary tract disease.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Homeopathy in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common disease of the central nervous system affecting people between the ages of 20 and 40 years in the UK, Northern Europe and the USA. No definitive treatment yet exists to halt the almost inevitable decline in function and accumulation of disability over the years in sufferers. Management is largely directly of symptoms which arise variably in the course of the condition. Such problems as urinary incontinence, sexual dysfunction, cramps and spasms, tremor and trigeminal neuralgia can often be helped to some extent using conventional therapies. These treatments though are not effective in everyone, or cause unacceptable side-effects and there are some commonly reported symptoms, such as fatigue or emotional lability for which there are no generally accepted treatments. Here, a knowledge of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) can bring benefits to the person with MS. CAM is widely used by people with MS and some studies in this area are briefly summarised. It is interesting to reflect what lies behind all this CAM use and what that might tell conventional medicine about just what it is the MS sufferer really wants from their carers. Homeopathy is a form of CAM unique in the UK in having been available in the NHS since the foundation in 1948. Medical homeopaths in the UK have always been concerned with the integration of the best of conventional and complementary treatments for the benefit of their patients. Glasgow Homeopathic Hospital has around 100 admissions each year of people with MS at different stages of the condition and aims at an integrated response to their distress. Different therapeutic modalities are employed, but a homeopathic approach in particular is of benefit in MS. By its nature, it is a whole-person approach and allows for complete individualisation of treatment, taking account of the minutiae of someone's life. This is discussed and some examples of homeopathic treatments, which seem to be more generalisable for commonly encountered MS symptoms, are given.

Holistic Health↗
PubMed2003

Does homeopathy reduce the cost of conventional drug prescribing? A study of comparative prescribing costs in general practice.

There is little research on cost-effectiveness of homeopathy in General Practice. This study aimed to compare the costs of homeopathic prescribing with conventional drugs prescribing. Data were collected for 4 years on all patients who were treated homeopathically. Costs of homeopathic remedies and costs of conventional drugs which otherwise would be prescribed for these patients was calculated for the total duration of treatment. Savings were calculated. One hundred patients were included in the study. Average cost savings per patient was pounds 60.40. The majority of patients had improved and most did not report any side-effects. The limitations of this study are that it is based on one GP's work, with a small number of patients so definite and generalisable conclusions cannot be drawn. Moreover, calculated costs in this study are based on drugs only, it does not take into account doctor's time, special investigations and time off sick. Future work needs to be carried out to include all of these points for a comprehensive economic analysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Homeopathic remedies as metaphors in family therapy. A narrative-based approach to homeopathy.

OBJECTIVE: To examine a metaphorical, narrative model to explain the outcome of an homeopathic, encounter involving the patient, practitioner and the homeopathic medicine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The transcript of a videotaped doctor-patient interaction from a European doctor-patient communication study (EUROCOM) was analysed using qualitative methods. RESULTS: Analysis demonstrates a narrative relationship between the protagonists in the therapeutic interaction, with the homeopathic medicine performing a metaphorical role. DISCUSSION: The results justify further investigation of the narrative and metaphorical properties of the therapeutic encounter in homeopathy.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2003

Patient-practitioner-remedy (PPR) entanglement. Part 3. Refining the quantum metaphor for homeopathy.

The notion of patient-practitioner-remedy (PPR) entanglement, previously proposed for homeopathy, is refined by adapting concepts derived from Greenberger, Horne, and Zeilinger's treatment of three-particle entanglement (GHZ states), and a generalised version of quantum theory, called weak quantum theory (WQT). These suggest that for maximum PPR entanglement during the therapeutic encounter, the practitioner's awareness needs to be directed inward as well as outward toward the patient, and that health and disease are mirror images of each other, similar to and represented by, the relationship of complex numbers to their complex conjugates.

Homeopathy↗
PubMed2002

Exploring attitudes toward, and knowledge of, homeopathy and CAM through focus groups.

Five focus groups (five female non-users; five male non-users; seven males, both users and non-users; seven female users; six male and female users) were conducted to get an idea of lay people's knowledge and attitudes to CAM. In each group, run by the same experienced moderator, various topics were systematically explored: knowledge of CAM treatments; attitudes towards CAM; personal experience of CAM; suggestions for bringing CAM into wider use. Results showed participants had self-confessed ignorance about homeopathy and also that their ideas and beliefs were not internally coherent. Suggestions about using this methodology are considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Community hospital homeopathy clinic: audit of the first 12 months activity.

The aim of the study was to examine the activity of a new service providing a homeopathy clinic at a community hospital. This was initiated in a limited way and was served by a relatively inexperienced practitioner. A range of presenting complaints, treatments and outcomes are described. Funding has been maintained by the Health Authority and referrals have continued to be made by the local eligible General Practitioners. The outcomes have been quite good but the default rate has been disappointingly high.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

What research is needed to show the effectiveness of homeopathy?

Using the similia principle, the classical homeopath tries to find a substance that fits the patients complaints as closely as possible. Unusual symptoms that do not fit the symptom complexes recognised by conventional medicine may be considered even more important than the regular symptoms. This is why homeopathy is a highly individualised treatment, resulting in different treatments for patients who would receive an identical treatment in conventional medicine.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed2000

Magic of signs: a non-local interpretation of homeopathy.

Among homeopaths the common idea about a working hypothesis for homeopathic effects seems to be that, during the potentization process, 'information' or 'energy' is being preserved or even enhanced in homeopathic remedies. The organism is said to be able to pick up this information, which in turn will stimulate the organism into a self-healing response. According to this view the decisive element of homeopathic therapy is the remedy which locally contains and conveys this information. I question this view for empirical and theoretical reasons. Empirical research has shown a repetitive pattern, in fundamental and clinical research alike: there are many anomalies in high-dilution research and clinical homeopathic trials which will set any observing researcher thinking. But no single paradigm has proved stable enough in order to produce repeatable results independent of the researcher. I conclude that the database is too weak and contradictory to substantiate a local interpretation of homeopathy, in which the remedy is endowed with causal-informational content irrespective of the circumstances. I propose a non-local interpretation to understand the anomalies along the lines of Jung's notion of synchronicity and make some predictions following this analysis.

Causality↗
PubMed2002

Plant names in homeopathy: an annotated checklist of currently accepted names in common use.

The imminent publication of a new checklist of all plant species used in homeopathic medicine is described and discussed. This brief article shows how the nomenclature of all names in the Complete Repertory have been revised and checked against the original publications. In addition, the names used in the French, German and American pharmacopoeias have also been examined. In total, some 801 species and approximately 1,700 names have been checked. In the checklist additional notes on common and vernacular names are provided, misidentified names have been corrected and names peculiar to homeopathy have been brought into line with the modern International Code of Botanical Nomenclature.

Homeopathy↗
PubMed2002

A new database on basic research in homeopathy.

A new database on 'Basic Research on Homeopathy' has been established. It contains research on biological systems and physico-chemical effects of the succussion process. It is aimed at the elucidation of the working mechanism of the homeopathic similia principle following application of low doses and potencies of substances. By the end of 2000, this database included 829 experiments in 782 primary publications. The publications are classified according to organism and field of interest. Several reasons for the relatively high number of experiments and publications are presented. It is concluded that the research community would benefit from a European research agenda with a priority on the translation of relevant publications from the different European languages into English.

Databases, Bibliographic↗