Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Foot Injuries”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Real-time subject-specific monitoring of internal deformations and stresses in the soft tissues of the foot: a new approach in gait analysis.

No technology is presently available to provide real-time information on internal deformations and stresses in plantar soft tissues of individuals during evaluation of the gait pattern. Because internal deformations and stresses in the plantar pad are critical factors in foot injuries such as diabetic foot ulceration, this severely limits evaluation of patients. To allow such real-time subject-specific analysis, we developed a hierarchal modeling system which integrates a two-dimensional gross structural model of the foot (high-order model) with local finite element (FE) models of the plantar tissue padding the calcaneus and medial metatarsal heads (low-order models). The high-order whole-foot model provides real-time analytical evaluations of the time-dependent plantar fascia tensile forces during the stance phase. These force evaluations are transferred, together with foot-shoe local reaction forces, also measured in real time (under the calcaneus, medial metatarsals and hallux), to the low-order FE models of the plantar pad, where they serve as boundary conditions for analyses of local deformations and stresses in the plantar pad. After careful verification of our custom-made FE solver and of our foot model system with respect to previous literature and against experimental results from a synthetic foot phantom, we conducted human studies in which plantar tissue loading was evaluated in real time during treadmill gait in healthy individuals (N = 4). We concluded that internal deformations and stresses in the plantar pad during gait cannot be predicted from merely measuring the foot-shoe force reactions. Internal loading of the plantar pad is constituted by a complex interaction between the anatomical structure and mechanical behavior of the foot skeleton and soft tissues, the body characteristics, the gait pattern and footwear. Real-time FE monitoring of internal deformations and stresses in the plantar pad is therefore required to identify elevated deformation/stress exposures toward utilizing it in gait laboratories to protect feet that are susceptible to injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Basketball injuries of the foot and ankle.

Foot and ankle injuries in basketball are discussed in three unrelated categories in this article. This includes a practical differential diagnosis of ankle sprains, acute conditions of the mid and hindfoot, overuse syndromes of nerve entrapment, fascial strain, synovitis, joint subluxation, and inflammation resulting from repetitive stress. The diagnosis and treatment of tendon inflammation of the extrinsic foot musculature is also reviewed.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed2004

Arthroscopy for athletic foot and ankle injuries.

The development of arthroscopic techniques began in the early 1900s. Today, there are several techniques available for treating athletic injuries of the foot and ankle. This article describes arthroscopic techniques for the great toe, subtalar arthroscopy, anterior ankle impingement exostoses (footballer's ankle), posterior ankle arthroscopy, endoscopic calcaneoplasty, and osteochondral lesions of the talus. New techniques for arthroscopic repair of chronic ankle instability are reviewed, and the authors present their results with thermal-assisted capsular modification for chronic lateral ankle instability.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed1987

Epiphyseal injuries of the foot and ankle.

A thorough knowledge of functional growth plate anatomy and physiology is essential to proper management of epiphyseal foot and ankle injuries. The ability to classify foot and ankle fractures according to the Salter-Harris anatomic and radiographic classification provides useful prognostic information that may affect treatment. The Dias-Tachdjian mechanistic classification system for pediatric ankle fractures provides useful information about the extent of osseous and soft tissue injury and the best method of closed reduction and correlates well with the Lauge-Hansen system, which is widely used for adult ankle fractures. Most epiphyseal foot fractures involve the metatarsals or phalanges and can usually be managed with closed reduction. Considerable spontaneous correction of deformity can be expected in the younger child (under age 10 years), but one should be aware that sagittal plane and rotational malalignment of the metatarsal heads may cause significant problems. Salter-Harris type I and II fractures of the ankle can usually be managed with closed reduction. Salter-Harris type III and IV ankle fractures with greater than 2 mm of displacement require open reduction and internal fixation. One must also have a high index of suspicion for juvenile Tillaux and triplane transitional fractures that may not be obvious on plain radiographs. Although these fractures usually do not produce significant limb-length discrepancies, they are intra-articular fractures and ankle joint arthritis can result. Finally, younger children (under age 10 years) have a better prognosis for spontaneous correction of nongrowth arrest-induced deformities but a much poorer prognosis with growth arrest injuries than do older children, in whom growth arrest does not usually cause a significant problem. All children with growth plate injuries should be followed at regular intervals for at least 2 years or to skeletal maturity in the case of physeal disturbance. Treatment of epiphyseal fractures of the foot and ankle must be individualized but should always be based upon a thorough knowledge of anatomy, bone growth physiology, classification, potential pitfalls, and prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Abduction stress and AP weightbearing radiography of purely ligamentous injury in the tarsometatarsal joint.

Twenty volunteers (40 feet) with no prior foot injury underwent standardized abduction stress and standing AP radiographs. Subsequently, the Lisfranc and dorsal tarsometatarsal ligaments in nine feet from cadavers were sectioned in a varying sequential manner, and interval standardized radiographs of abduction stress and AP simulated weightbearing were obtained. On abduction stress radiographs in 39 of 40 feet of volunteers and nine of nine feet of cadavers before sectioning, a line tangential to the medial aspect of the navicular and medial cuneiform (medial column line) intersected the base of the first metatarsal. Combining the sectioning of the Lisfranc and dorsal tarsometatarsal ligaments produced a disruption of the medial column line in all feet from cadavers. Disruption of this medial column line may be a simple and valuable diagnostic tool for determining significant ligamentous injury to the tarsometatarsal interval.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Foot and ankle injuries in child and adolescent athletes].

Foot and ankle injuries are most commonly encountered in athletes. Of these, pediatric and adolescent injuries have unique characteristics because of the distinct growth potentials and their consequences specific to this age group. In this article, foot and ankle injuries in child and adolescent athletes are reviewed in the light of the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Common sports injuries to the foot and leg.

Running related injuries to the leg and foot account for approximately 45 per cent of the total injuries to the lower extremity. The incidence of running injuries has increased significantly in the past decade, thus, creating a demand for increased proficiency in treating runners. Specifically, overuse injuries account for most of the runner's complaints. The goal of sports medicine as mentioned previously is to keep the athlete active and injury free. To achieve this goal the etiologies of the injuries must be recognized and treated. Common, preventable causes of overuse injuries would include training errors and biomechanical factors. The biomechanical factors as they relate to foot and leg have been addressed within this article. Early recognition and biomechanical treatment will decrease the vast majority of the lower limb injuries.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed2004

Integral classification of injuries (ICI) to the bones, joints, and ligaments--application to injuries of the foot.

The integral classification of injuries (ICI) is a very logical, descriptive classification of fractures and dislocations of the human skeleton. By enumerating all 28 foot bones in relation to the three anatomical and functional regions of the foot, ie, hindfoot (81), midfoot (82), forefoot (83), from proximal to distal, and by introducing lowercase letters for the joints of the foot skeleton,the localization of the injury can be described precisely. The uppercase A defines extra-articular, B describes intra-articular and C is for fracture dislocations. By introducing the uppercase D, different dislocations can be described. By using additional lowercase Greek letters, the direction of a dislocation can be coded. For simple 'everyday' use, a fracture of the calcaneus(81.2) involving three joints can be described as a B3-fracture. For scientific or database coding purposes, one can describe in square brackets which joints or segments are involved and how they are injured in relation to three different subgroups representing first the tissue (bone, cartilage, capsule, and ligaments),second the kind of injury (three graduations of fracture, cartilage, or ligament damage), and third (three graduations) the extent of the dislocation or displacement. Following ten conventions, a complex foot trauma can be coded as precisely as a simple dislocation of the big toe.

Calcaneus↗
PubMed1994

[Missed injuries of the musculoskeletal system in multiple trauma--a retrospective study].

In order to quantify frequency, localisation and consequences of missed musculoskeletal injuries in multiple injured patients, 323 cases were retrospectively analyzed. 40 primarily missed injuries were found, 12 of them in patients, who had been transferred from another hospital. This rate of 12.4% corresponds with the literature. Four regions are mainly affected: 1. the cervical spine, especially the cervicothoracic transition, 2. the shoulder, 3. the ligaments of the knee especially with femur or tibia fractures at the same time, and 4. the forefoot. About half of the primary missed injuries are ligament lesions. Whereas spine injuries were diagnosed within the first 2 weeks (average 4 days), ligament injuries (average 28 days) and foot injuries (average 38 days) were discovered at the patient's mobilization phase. Reasons for non detecting the injuries are: Missing or inadequate x-rays, not consistently continued diagnostic steps, inaccurate or not repeated clinical examination, apparent insignificance of peripheral injuries in multiple trauma. The potential danger of neurologic deficits of vertebral fractures, delay of rehabilitation due to secondary correction surgery (e.g. secondary ligament reconstructions) and imminent permanent damage (e.g. posttraumatic foot deformities) show the importance of a quick diagnosis of all injuries, even those appearing at the first glance as unimportant.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tendon sheath injuries of the foot and ankle.

Tendon sheath injuries of the foot and ankle are a common clinical entity secondary to trauma and abnormal biomechanics. These injuries are often misdiagnosed and/or inappropriately treated. This article presents an historic review, etiology, classification, diagnosis, and treatment protocol for these injuries.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Foot and ankle injuries in motor vehicle accidents.

BACKGROUND: We studied foot and ankle (F/A) injuries that occurred in motor vehicle accidents treated in a Level 1 trauma center. METHODS: The records of F/A injuries of 2248 consecutive orthopedic patients were reviewed to find foot and ankle injuries. RESULTS: Pilon fractures were common. Motor Vehicle Accident (MVA) occupants with F/A injuries had a higher injury Severity Score than those without (17.9 vs. 11.6, p <. 001). MVA F/A injury risk was higher without restraint [relative risk ratio (rrr) 1.68, p <. 0032] than with restraint except for air bagged drivers who were similar to unrestrained drivers (rrr 1.18, p > .05, NS). CONCLUSION: Patients with F/A injuries may have serious associated injuries. Air bags may not protect feet.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1986

Sports-related tendon injuries of the foot and ankle.

Treatment of major tendon injuries is a complex and challenging subject. It is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the mechanism of injury to successfully treat these soft tissue injuries of the foot and ankle.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1987

Radiographic evaluation of foot and ankle injuries in the athlete.

Injuries of the ankle and foot in athletes are quite common. They range from the extremely simple sprain to the difficult stress fracture, and may result in long-term disability. In all cases, the athlete is best treated after an accurate diagnosis is achieved.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed1984

Foot problems in athletes.

The primary care physician who cares for athletes encounters a variety of foot problems from skin maladies to deformities of the bone. As foot injuries can be totally debilitating, they are of especially great consequence to competitive athletes and must be diligently investigated to reach a proper diagnosis. In most cases the proper use of tape, foam, felt, metatarsal pads, and bars can easily solve what may be a perplexing problem. Occasionally, manufactured orthotic devices may be necessary. In all instances, athletes must be carefully advised on ways to treat and, more important, prevent foot problems.

Athletic Injuries↗