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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Chlamydia trachomatis: is it possible to reduce the number of infections after abortions?

In a study at the University Hospital in Trondheim during 1983, the frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis among women terminating their pregnancies was 8.2%. Younger women were infected by C. trachomatis at a more frequent rate than older women (p less than 0.001). Treatment of chlamydia-positive women was initiated within the first two weeks after the abortion. However, among women readmitted to the hospital, chlamydia-positive women showed a higher frequency of salpingitis than chlamydia-negative women (p less than 0.08). Preabortion examination for C. trachomatis and treatment of chlamydia-positive women by practitioners before the abortion is carried out, may reduce the postabortal frequency of salpingitis.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1990

The relationship between menarche and sexual, contraceptive, and reproductive life events.

Relationships between menarche and sexual, contraceptive, and reproductive life events were investigated by structured interviews of 585 Danish women, aged 15-54 years. Data were analyzed by multivariate test statistics. The trend toward an earlier menarche was confirmed. No association was found between menarche and social class. Women with early menarche had an earlier coital debut. After correction for coital debut, no association was observed between menarche and coital frequency, number of sexual partners, or use of oral contraceptives. Menarche was not associated with number of births, spontaneous or induced abortions, or frequency of ectopic pregnancies. The results suggest that the predictive value of the menarche for sexual and contraceptive life events is conditioned primarily by the association between menarche and coital debut.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1990

[A study on the proximate determinants of fertility decline in China].

To study the biological and behavioral process of the recent drastic fertility decline in China, the authors reviewed relating factors (proximate determinants) and applied the Bongaarts model to the population of China for the years 1971 and 1981, during which the fertility rate dropped most rapidly and substantial population control policies were performed. By application of the model, the decrease of TFR of 2.78 between 1971 and 1981 was estimated to be contributed by widespread of contraception (68%), later marriage (49%), and increase of induced abortion (28%), through shortening of the length of postpartum breastfeeding showed negative effects (-32%), on the assumption that local data could be substituted for some national data. Compared with other countries, China was characterized by coexistence of strong fertility-inhibiting effects of nonmarriage, contraception, induced abortion, and relatively strong fertility-inhibiting effects of breastfeeding. It strongly suggested that the fertility transition in China was realized by powerful population policies in the context of insufficient socioeconomic development to lead to the transition.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1990

Reduction of births in Italy after the Chernobyl accident.

After the Chernobyl accident serious concern spread throughout Italy about the possible effects of the consequent exposure to radioactivity on fetuses. A reduction of births in the first three months of 1987, and particularly in February (7.2% reduction in the birth rate), was observed throughout Italy. In April-June 1987 a 4.8% increase in the number of births was observed. The magnitude of both phenomena varied in different areas of the country. The total number of births in the first six months of 1987 was very similar to the expected (264,241 versus 263,659). Induced abortions increased in Lombardia (northern Italy) in June (+1.6%) and July of 1986 (+3.4%) and in Campania (southern Italy) in June (+12.7%) and August (+4.3%). No increase in legal abortions was detected in Lazio (central Italy). Italian data suggest a voluntary decrease in the number of planned pregnancies and the termination of some of them in the first weeks after the accident as a consequence of postdisaster stress.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1999

The relevance of ethnic monitoring in the experience of Haringey Healthcare NHS trust community family planning clinics.

Ethnic monitoring of all new and first attenders in the year to community family planning clinics was carried out by means of an anonymous questionnaire during April to June 1997 inclusive to ascertain whether ethnic minority women attend family planning clinics. A 73 per cent response rate (2664 questionnaires) was obtained. The results showed that women came from a wide variety of ethnic groups and from almost every country in the world. Those of UK European origin were underrepresented. For 28 per cent of women, English was not their first language. A total of 66 languages were recorded. Sixty two per cent (1673) of all the women were between 20 and 34 years. Overall half of all the women attending did not have children. Though in some ethnic groups most women were parous, less than 20 per cent of Caribbean (born Caribbean) West African and Turkish Cypriot women and only six per cent of Turkish/Kurdish women born in Turkey had not had children. Thirty three per cent of women admitted to having had one or more terminations although there was only a 90 per cent response rate to this question. While between 20 and 25 per cent of United Kingdom, EEC and non EEC European and black British women had had one or more abortions, 49 per cent of West African, 43 per cent of Kurdish and 40 per cent of Turkish Cypriot women had had one or more abortions. The lowest percentage of women admitting to a termination were Irish (12 per cent). The majority of women did choose a method or methods of contraception. The oral contraceptive pill and the condom were the most popular methods, often being used together The method used was influenced by age and ethnicity. Younger women opted for 'the pill' while older women chose the intrauterine device. The combined pill and condom were relatively equally popular with UK, Irish, EEC European, Caribbean (born Caribbean, born UK) and 'other' groups of women; while the intrauterine device was the favoured method of Kurdish/Turkish women born in Turkey. Depo-Provera was used principally by UK, European, Caribbean (born Caribbean, born UK) and African (West and East) women. Twelve per cent of women were recorded as not using a method. These women might have attended for a pregnancy test, cervical smear, advice about general health, gynaecological problems, though this was not specifically recorded. These women featured in all age groups. While a third were UK European, two thirds were of other ethnic groups. This would appear to illustrate that those women do seem to be aware that family planning clinics can provide services in addition to supplying contraceptive methods. It was noted that the Kurdish/Turkish women favoured one particular clinic sited in the ante natal department of the local hospital (the North Middlesex) where linkworkers are available. They accounted for 34 per cent of those who attended (128 out of 371). However at all but one of the clinic sites, which are spread around the borough, the UK European group was in a minority ranging from 20 to 47 per cent in attendance, compared to other ethnic groups. It is proposed that ethnic monitoring will be routinely recorded from April 1998 for new and first time attenders. It is also planned to work more closely with various ethnic minority groups in the community.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pregnancy rates among U.S. women and their partners in 1994.

CONTEXT: When rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion are calculated only for the women involved, men's role in reproduction is ignored, resulting in limited understanding of their influence on these outcomes. METHODS: Data from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth and from the 1994-1995 Alan Guttmacher Institute Abortion Patient Survey were combined with national natality statistics to estimate pregnancy rates in 1994 for women and their male partners, by age and marital status at the time of conception. RESULTS: Nine percent of both men and women aged 15-44 were involved in conceiving a pregnancy in 1994 (excluding those resulting in miscarriages). Pregnancy levels were highest among women aged 20-24 and among male partners aged 25-29. Men younger than 20 were involved in about half as many pregnancies as were women this age (9% compared with 18%). In contrast, men aged 35 and older were involved in roughly twice as many pregnancies as were similarly aged women (19% compared with 9%). Three out of every four pregnancies in 1994 resulted in a birth. However, 47% of pregnancies involving men younger than 18 ended in abortion, compared with about 34% of those involving men aged 40 and older. In comparison, 31% of pregnancies among women younger than 18 resulted in abortion, while 39% of those among women aged 40 and older were terminated. CONCLUSION: The overall rate at which men were involved in causing a pregnancy is similar to the pregnancy rate among women. Men are typically older than women when they are involved in a pregnancy, however. This implies that men may bring more experience and resources to the pregnancy experience.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adolescent pregnancy and childbearing: levels and trends in developed countries.

CONTEXT: Adolescent pregnancy occurs in all societies, but the level of teenage pregnancy and childbearing varies from country to country. A cross-country analysis of birth and abortion measures is valuable for understanding trends, for identifying countries that are exceptional and for seeing where further in-depth studies are needed to understand observed patterns. METHODS: Birth, abortion and population data were obtained from various sources, such as national vital statistics reports, official statistics, published national and international sources, and government statistical offices. Trend data on adolescent birthrates were compiled for 46 countries over the period 1970-1995. Abortion rates for a recent year were available for 33 of the 46 countries, and data on trends in abortion rates could be gathered for 25 of the 46 countries. RESULTS: The level of adolescent pregnancy varies by a factor of almost 10 across the developed countries, from a very low rate in the Netherlands (12 pregnancies per 1,000 adolescents per year) to an extremely high rate in the Russian Federation (more than 100 per 1,000). Japan and most western European countries have very low or low pregnancy rates (under 40 per 1,000); moderate rates (40-69 per 1,000) occur in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and a number of European countries. A group of five countries--Belarus, Bulgaria, Romania, the Russian Federation and the United States--have pregnancy rates of 70 or more per 1,000. The adolescent birthrate has declined in the majority of industrialized countries over the past 25 years, and in some cases has been more than halved. Similarly, pregnancy rates in 12 of the 18 countries with accurate abortion reporting showed declines. Decreases in the adolescent abortion rate, however, were less prevalent. CONCLUSIONS: The trend toward lower adolescent birthrates and pregnancy rates over the past 25 years is widespread and is occurring across the industrialized world, suggesting that the reasons for this general trend are broader than factors limited to any one country: increased importance of education, increased motivation of young people to achieve higher levels of education and training, and greater centrality of goals other than motherhood and family formation for young women.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1975

Fertility rates and abortion rates: simulations of family limitation.

A computerized model that simulates reproductive events during the childbearing years of a cohort of women is used to analyze the impact of contraception and induced abortion on fertility. Four different reproductive regimens are investigated: (2) contraception only, (2) abortion only, (3) abortion as a backstop to contraception, and (4) combinations of abortion and contraception. It is concluded that in historical as well as in modern populations, levels of fertility near replacement are unlikely to be obtained without the use of induced abortion.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1975

[Pregnancies with intra-uterine devices in-situ (author's transl)].

Pregnancies occurring with an intra-uterine device in situ were reviewed. Of 438 insertions since 1966, 31 patients became pregnant. 25 pregancies occurred with a Lippes Loop C or D of 277 insertions. Six pregnancies occurred with the Dalkon Shield among 161 patients. About 50% of the pregnancies occurred in the age group from 26 to 29 years and only 13% in the age group 20 to 25 years. Pregnancy did not occur in the age group below 20 years and in the age group above 40 years. The highest number of pregnancies occurred in Para 2's and Para 3's. 84% of all pregnancies occurred within the first 18 months after the insertion of the I.U.C.D. 13 of the pregnancies ended in therapeutic abortion and nine of these were combined with sterilization. Five pregnancies (about 20%) ended in a spontaneous abortion and one pregnancy ended in a premature delivery at 22 weeks. Five pregnancies went to term and three of these patients had tubal ligations post-partum. -- The three ectopic pregnancies are described in detail. There was one ovarian pregnancy, one tubal pregnancy and one pregnancy in the uterosacral ligament. -- The intra-uterine device is considered to be an acceptable method of contraception. The incidence of spontaneous abortion and ectopic pregnancy with an intra-uterine device in situ is increased. Because of the increased incidence of infertility following an ectopic pregnancy, the intra-uterine contraceptive device is only recommended with great reservation as a contraceptive method for nulligravidas.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1975

Attitudes toward family planning, marriage, and family size among unmarried women in Korea.

Data from the 1973 National Fertility and Family Planning Survey show that young unmarried women aged 18-27 desire small families and support family planning. These women express a lower son preference than did young currently married women surveved in 1973 and earlier. A majority of the respondents approve of the "stop at two" slogen of the family planning association, and they want to obtain more information about contraception before marrying. Unfortunately, survey results show that present sources of contraceptive information, including the schools, have not proved adequate.

Abortion, Induced↗