[Substances eluted from the inner coating of a container can into the food--the BADGE issue and and problems with other contaminants].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Benzhydryl Compounds↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “Epoxy Compounds”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Quantitative detection of bisphenol A and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether metabolites in human plasma by liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry.
Due to the ubiquity of epoxy resin compounds and their potential role in increasing the risk for reproductive dysfunction and cancer, the need for an assessment of human exposure is urgent. Therefore, we developed a method for measuring bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) metabolites in human blood samples using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Human blood samples were processed using enzymatic deconjugation of the glucuronides followed by a novel sample preparation procedure using a solid-phase-cartridge column. This selective analytical method permits rapid detection of the metabolites, free BPA and a hydrolysis product of BADGE (BADGE-40H) with detection limits in the low nanogram per milliliter range (0.1 ng ml(-1) of BPA and 0.5 ng ml(-1) of BADGE-40H). The sample extraction was achieved by Oasis HLB column on gradient elution. The recoveries of BPA and BADGE-40H added to human plasma samples were above 70.0% with a standard deviation of less than 5.0%. This selective, sensitive and accurate method will assist in elucidating potential associations between human exposure to epoxy-based compounds and adverse health effects.
Benzhydryl Compounds↗
Contact allergy to allyl glycidyl ether present as an impurity in 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, a fixing additive in silicone and polyurethane resins.
We present a 43-year-old man who worked in the plastics industry and who suffered from an occupational dermatitis on the hands and forearms. He was found to be allergic to an epoxy silane compound that was contaminated with allyl glycidyl ether, a reactive epoxy diluent. HPLC analysis and patch testing indicated that this impurity was probably the only sensitizer. Moreover, the gloves used provided absolutely no protection, as the inner side also generated strong positive reactions.
Adult↗
Treatment of volatile organic compounds from polyurethane and epoxy manufacture by a trickle-bed air biofilter.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a trickle-bed air biofilter (TBAB) for the removal of volatile organic compound (VOC) produced during polyurethane (PU) and epoxy manufacture. The major VOCs emitted are ethyl acetate (EA) for PU and EA and xylene for epoxy production. For the treatment of VOCs emitted during PU production, the employed coal carbon appears to be efficient as a VOC concentration buffer in the biofiltration of waste gases. Based on the results of EA and total hydrocarbon (THC) removal, it was concluded that the TBAB is suitable for controlling VOC emission during PU manufacture. For the treatment of VOCs emitted during epoxy production, it was found that the performance of the TBAB is relatively poor due to the lack of VOC sources. However, this problem could be easily solved by mixing the VOCs emitted during PU and epoxy manufacture.
Journal Article↗
[Potential CNS-active tricyclic compounds with a bridged middle ring. 9,10-Epoxy-9,10-dihydroanthracenes with dialkylamino side chain].
As a continuation of our efforts on the synthesis of 9,10-epoxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene compounds with basic side chain several substituted 9-amino-methyl derivatives have been prepared by Diels-Alder cyclization of substituted benzo[c]furanes with benzyne. The benzo[c]furanes were obtained by vacuum flash thermolysis of 1,4-epoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carbonamides which were produced by Diels-Alder reaction of 2-furan-carbonamides with benzyne and by subsequent hydrogenation.
Anthracenes↗
Epoxy/carbon composite resins in dentistry: mechanical properties related to fiber reinforcements.
Composite carbon/epoxy resin techniques for restorative dentistry have improved with the development of various composite resins classified according to fiber reinforcement, such as short fibers, woven materials, or long unidirectional fibers. This study of the mechanical properties with three-point flexion enabled comparison of the flexural strengths. The modulus of elasticity of different composite resin materials was determined so that the appropriate reinforced composite resin could be selected for specific clinical conditions.
Aniline Compounds↗
Epidermal carcinogenicity of bis(2,3-epoxycyclopentyl)ether, 2,2-bis(p-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane, and m-phenylenediamine in male and female C3H and C57BL/6 mice.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Inhibition of the acid proteinase from Neurospora crassa by diazoacetyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester, 1,2-epoxy-3-(4-nitrophenoxy)propane and pepstatin.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aminocaproates↗
[Experimental studies of filaricides].
Several chemical compounds have shown filarical activities, which are presented and compared in this presentation: diethylcarbamazin, ivermectin, benzimidazoles and original compounds as epoxy and ethynesulphonamide, or carboxamides. Their metabolism and tissue distribution are depending of the host, and whether hosts are parasitized or not. Reference compounds have filaricidal activities depending of the stage of Filaria, and of the experimental model. The necessity of a good model is essential to extrapolate the results. Biochemical targets which can be identified from these animals models may be inappropriate for use in human filariasis; that is why fundamental research is still necessary in this area.
Animals↗
Bisphenol a diglycidyl ether (BADGE) suppresses tumor necrosis factor-alpha production as a PPARgamma agonist in the murine macrophage-like cell line, RAW 264.7.
Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) is a newly described peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) antagonist in adipogenic cells. In contrast, in the macrophage-like cell line RAW 264.7, BADGE, like the PPARgamma agonist pioglitazone hydrochloride, not only increased promoter activity of the PPARgamma-luciferase reporter gene, but also suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production. These results suggest that BADGE is a PPARgamma agonist in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of the coactivator p300 restored BADGE- or pioglitazone hydrochloride-suppressed promoter activity of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB)-luciferase reporter gene, suggesting that PPARgamma may interfere with NF-kappaB transcriptional activity via coactivator competition.
Animals↗
The identification of an epoxy-hydroxy acid as a product from the incubation of arachidonic acid with washed blood platelets.
An epoxy-hydroxy compound, 10-hydroxy-11,12-epoxy-eicosa-5,8,14-trienoic acid, has been identified as a product on incubation of arachidonic acid with washed blood platelets from human, horse, cat, dog and rabbit. Gas chromatographic - mass spectrometric (GC-MS) evidence of structure is discussed.
8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid↗
Teratogenic evaluation of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBPA) in New Zealand white rabbits following dermal exposure.
Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBPA) was tested for its potential to cause embryo/fetal toxicity and teratogenicity in pregnant rabbits. DGEBPA was applied daily to the clipped skin of New Zealand White rabbits for approximately 6 hr/day at dose levels of 0 (polyethylene glycol 400, vehicle control), 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg body weight/day on Days 6 through 18 of gestation. Fetuses were examined for external, visceral, and skeletal alterations on Day 28 of gestation. Maternal toxicity was observed among pregnant rabbits in the 300 mg/kg/day dose group as evidenced by moderate to severe erythema, fissures, hemorrhage, and slight edema at the exposure site. Similar, but less severe skin lesions were observed in pregnant rabbits in the 100 mg/kg/day exposure group. A slight erythema at the site of application was observed in dams in the 30 mg/kg/day dose group. The erythema in rabbits from the low dose group was indistinguishable from the erythema caused by the occlusive bandages/jackets used to hold the test material in place and, thus, was not considered toxicologically significant. No evidence of embryo/fetal toxicity or teratogenicity was observed at any dose level. Thus, the embryo/fetal no-observed-effect level for dermally applied DGEBPA was 300 mg/kg body weight/day, the maximum tolerated dose.
Administration, Topical↗
Characterization of the active site of mouse submaxillary gland renin.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Amino Acids↗
Determination of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and its derivatives in canned foods.
Migration of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) to food from can enamels and can pull-top seals is reported. Derivatives of DGEBA are also determined in some foods. Levels of DGEBA in the foods surveyed in this study range from nondetected (<0.3 ppb) to 50 mg/kg as determined by liquid-liquid extraction or solid-phase extraction coupled with high-pressure liquid chromatography using fluorescence detection. Confirmation of the analytes is by gas and/or liquid chromatography with mass spectral analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with 30 degrees specular reflectance/transmittance is used to characterize the coated food contact surfaces. Stability studies with DGEBA in water, acid, and saline solutions show conversion to the hydrolysis products and chloro adducts occurs readily. The presence of DGEBA derivatives in food demonstrates that analysis for DGEBA migration alone is not a good indicator of total migration from can coatings to foods.
Animals↗
Synthesis of vinca alkaloids and related compounds. 100. Stereoselective oxidation reactions of compounds with the aspidospermane and quebrachamine ring system. First synthesis of some alkaloids containing the epoxy ring.
The first syntheses of the alkaloids (-)-mehranine (3), (+)-voaphylline/conoflorine (4), (+)-N(a)-methylvoaphylline/hecubine (5), and (-)-lochnericine (2) were achieved by stereoselective epoxidation starting from (-)-tabersonine (1), through intermediates with the aspidospermane and quebrachamine skeleton.
Alkaloids↗
Epoxide-initiated cationic cyclization of azides: a novel method for the stereoselective construction of 5-hydroxymethyl azabicyclic compounds and application in the stereo- and enantioselective total synthesis of (+)- and (-)-indolizidine 167B and 209D.
A novel and general method has been developed for the stereoselective construction of 5-hydroxymethyl azabicyclic ring skeletons based on epoxide-initiated cationic cyclization of azides. The key cyclization reaction was systematically studied with the model compound, 3-(1-oxa-spiro[2.4]hept-4-yl)propyl azide 3a, and EtAlCl(2) was found to be an ideal choice as the catalyst. The generality of this transformation was further tested with different ring sizes, where six- and seven-membered epoxyazides 3b,c underwent smooth cyclization to give 5-hydroxymethyl azepine 4b and 5-hydroxymethyl azocine 4c, respectively, as a single detectable diastereomer. This novel methodology was elegantly applied in the stereoselective total synthesis of indolizidine alkaloids 167B and 209D. Further, the enantioselective total synthesis of natural and unnatural indolizidine alkaloids 167B and 209D was accomplished by using Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation as a key step.
Alkaloids↗
Microwave-assisted flexible synthesis of 7-azaindoles.
7-Azaindoles are versatile building blocks, especially in medicinal chemistry, where they serve as bioisosteres of indoles or purines. Herein, we are presenting a robust and flexible synthesis of 1,3- and 1,3,6-substituted 7-azaindoles starting from nicotinic acid derivatives or 2,6-dichloropyridine, respectively. Microwave heating dramatically accelerates the penultimate reaction step, an epoxide-opening-cyclization-dehydration sequence. The functional group compatibility of the reaction is examined as well as the application of the products in further functionalizations.
Aza Compounds↗
Microbiological transformations 57. Facile and efficient resin-based in situ SFPR preparative-scale synthesis of an enantiopure "unexpected" lactone regioisomer via a Baeyer-Villiger oxidation process.
[reaction: see text] The microbiological Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of (-)-bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-6-one allowed exclusive formation of the "unexpected" lactone regioisomer in 84% yield, high chemical purity, and enantiopure form. Substrate (25 g) was transformed in a 1 L bubble column reactor, following a in situ substrate feeding/product removal methodology, which afforded high volumetric productivity (1.2 g L(-)(1) h(-)(1)). This illustrates the high "sustainable chemistry" advantages of such a process, simply conducted in aqueous medium, at room temperature and using atmospheric oxygen.
Bioreactors↗