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PubMedDate not supplied

[Interrelationships between prolactin and the renin-aldosterone system in patients with various endocrine diseases].

Prolactin and aldosterone secretion and renin activity in the plasma were measured in the course of thyroliberin (TRH) test in women with various endocrine diseases, both connected with the water-salt metabolism disturbances and without these--with the idiopathic edemas (n = 11), hypothyrosis (n = 16), Stein-Leventhal'syndrome (n = 6), and obesity (n = 8). A reciprocal relationship between prolactin concentrations (a drastic elevation) and aldosterone levels (lowered) were revealed, as were universal responses of both the hormones to TRH administration in patients with various conditions. The authors come to a conclusion on the absence of a stimulating effect of prolactin on aldosterone secretion and plasma renin activity. They suggest an indirect contribution of prolactin to the regulation of the renin-aldosterone system, probably via dopaminergic mechanisms.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed2002

Autoimmune endocrine disease.

The immune system can attack almost any given organ in a very specific and directed fashion. The endocrine system appears to be particularly vulnerable to this kind of insult. Which endocrine organs are most susceptible and why? Genetic studies and animal models have revealed some commonalities for these diseases. The MHC locus appears to help control not only susceptibility to disease but also which endocrine organs are attacked. Autoimmune thymectomy models have revealed suppressor cell populations, which are being intensely sought after as a protective mechanism against endocrine autoimmunity. Finally, the recent cloning of the causative gene for autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I, called AIRE, has brought central tolerance back into focus as an important mechanism in these endocrine diseases.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Isotopic composition of blood plasma carbon in patients with endocrine diseases].

Forty-eight patients suffering from diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyper- and hypothyrosis, Icenko-Cushing's disease were examined to elucidate the relationship between blood plasma carbon isotopic composition and the type of the endocrine disease. This value varied within the range of -19.7 to -24.7/1000, the mean value being 5/1000. Blood plasma carbon in the diabetics is enriched for 12C light isotope (delta 13C from -23.0 to -24.5/1000) as against a similar characteristic in obese patients (delta 13C from -20.5 to 21.99/1000). Patients with hypo- and hyperthyrosis and the Icenko-Cushing's disease have a wider range of delta 13C values that seems to be explained by the Icenko-Cushing's disease heterogeneity and the presence of biorhythms. Clear-cut isotopic differences in the blood sera of adults and children were revealed whatever the disease type, these differences indicating the changes in cellular metabolism energy in the ontogenesis. These data can be satisfactorily explained within the frames of the model of cellular division of carbon isotopes, suggested previously.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical and biological correlations related to zinc depletion and lipid peroxide generation in some metabolic and endocrine diseases.

A great many apparently unrelated disorders present similar clinical features. Among pathogenetic mechanisms which could explain this phenomenon we studied, in some metabolic and endocrine diseases, the possible role of zinc (Zn) in correlation with lipid peroxidation (oxygen radicals). In the patients with Zn depletion (14 cases) the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) (marker for lipid peroxidation) was higher than in controls (10 subjects). Zincemia 57.62 vs 100 micrograms/dl, p less than 0.001, MDA 1.24 vs 0.7 nM/l, p less than 0.01. The clinical tests used were the gustative test for ZnSO4 1% and a clinical severity score. Between Zn and MDA levels a strong correlation was found in hypercortisolism cases, "r" = -0.82, p less than 0.01. After Zn therapy the MDA levels lowered by 23.55%, and the clinical score and gustative test improved significantly: chi 2 = 16.98, p less than 0.01 (for gustative test), chi 2 = 31.84, p less than 0.001 (for clinical score). These results suggest that the clinical features could be attributed both to Zn depletion and to oxygen radicals excess. However, only in the cases with hypercortisolemia (endogenous and exogenous) does the Zn-peroxide relationship seem significant. This fact suggests that in the course of corticosteroid therapy, Cushing's syndrome and reactive hypercortisolism Zn supplementation should be beneficial.

Adult↗