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Results for “Depth Perception”

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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Binocular depth perception in the pigeon.

By means of a discrete-trial simultaneous discrimination procedure, pigeons were trained to respond differentially to visual arrays that were identical except that one of them contained a circle displaced in depth when viewed stereoscopically. Performance was severely disrupted when one eye was occluded. The monocular deficit was peculiar to the depth task, inasmuch as no such decrement was seen on a pattern discrimination. The results imply that presence of the displaced circle was discriminated on the basis of a binocular cue. It was also found that pigeons could discriminate the direction of the displacement. Discrimination of depth was independent of the global form and still occurred when elements of the array were randomly displaced in depth. Performance was not disrupted when the absolute convergence angle of the depth stimulus was changed. The cue that consistently accounted for the behavior seen was the detection of the relative angles of convergence--that is, the retinal disparity of the two planes in depth. Thus, despite the lateral position of the eyes of the pigeon, a small binocular field mediates the binocular discrimination of near objects in depth.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Motion parallax as an independent cue for depth perception.

The perspective transformations of the retinal image, produced by either the movement of an observer or the movement of objects in the visual world, were found to produce a reliable, consistent, and unambiguous impression of relative depth in the absence of all other cues to depth and distance. The stimulus displays consisted of computer-generated random-dot patterns that could be transformed by each movement of the observer or the display oscilloscope to simulate the relative movement information produced by a three-dimensional surface. Using a stereoscopic matching task, the second experiment showed that the perceived depth from parallax transformations is in close agreement with the degree of relative image displacement, as well as producing a compelling impression of three-dimensionality not unlike that found with random-dot stereograms.

Cues↗
PubMed1995

Natural problems for stereoscopic depth perception in virtual environments.

The use of virtual reality (VR) display systems has escalated over the last 5 yr and may have consequences for those working within vision research. This paper provides a brief review of the literature pertaining to the representation of depth in stereoscopic VR displays. Specific attention is paid to the response of the accommodation system with its cross-links to vergence eye movements, and to the spatial errors that arise when portraying three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional window. It is suggested that these factors prevent large depth intervals of three-dimensional visual space being rendered with integrity through dual two-dimensional arrays.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1976

Depth perception after infant and adult visual neocortical lesions in light- and dark-reared rats.

In 2 experiments the behavior of light- and dark-reared infant- and adult-operated striate rats were compared at 20-160 days of age on a visual cliff apparatus in which the depth of the deep side could be varied. Differential depth thresholds revealed that depth discriminative ability did not develop normally following removal of the striate cortex in infancy. Further, infant-operates who were reared in darkness following their operations performed less well than their light-reared, infant-operated counterparts. The infant-operated animals, regardless of their postoperative rearing condition, performed significantly better than did adult-operated animals after comparable post-operative recovery periods and testing. The results are discussed in terms of further specification of the role played by age of operation and by the interaction between visual experience and age of operation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Depth perception in moving line patterns.

By means of a computer system, the two-dimensional projections of a three-dimensional random wire figure, rotated clockwise (CW) or counterclockwise (CCW) about the vertical axis, were produced and displayed on a CRT. Generally the stimulus display appeared as an object rotating in depth, changing direction of movement frequently from clockwise rotation to counterclockwise, and vice versa. In the experiment, the three subjects observed the displays of three different types of projection, two polar projections and a parallel one. They were instructed to judge the direction of the seen motion and asked to report it using the button-switches. Both duration of the rotation perceived in either direction and frequency of the apparent reversals between those two were measured from the output sheets of a pen-recorder. The results showed the effects of the type of projection. (1) The veridical motions were perceived more continuously and durably in the polar projections than in the parallel one, (2) the opposite relation was found with the nonveridical motions, and (3) the reversals of moving direction were seen more frequently in the parallel projection than in the polar ones.

Adult↗