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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Examination of new and reported data of the DRD3/MscI polymorphism: no support for the proposed association with schizophrenia.

The dopamine D3 (DRD3) receptor gene has been implicated in the aetiology of schizophrenia as a candidate gene since it combines both the dopamine receptor and limbic hypotheses of the disease. Previous association studies of a DRD3/MscI polymorphism suggested an increased frequency of homozygosity at the DRD3 receptor gene in schizophrenia. Homozygosity appeared to be particularly frequent in male patients, individuals with family history of the disease and in good responders to neuroleptic treatment. Many studies have since examined this polymorphism and have altered or extended the original homozygosity hypothesis. In this study, we have investigated the distribution of the DRD3/MscI polymorphism in 198 Irish schizophrenic patients and 235 ethnically matched controls. Patients and controls showed-similar allele and genotype frequencies. Furthermore, linkage analysis using two microsatellite markers flanking the DRD3 gene was performed on 265 Irish schizophrenic families, with substantially negative results. Our findings, in combination with a review of previous studies do not support a role for the DRD3/MscI polymorphism in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

Alleles↗
PubMed2006

Advanced illness index: Predictive modeling to stratify elders using self-report data.

OBJECTIVES: Develop a prediction model to identify persons who have an increased risk of dying within the next 36 months, in order to focus additional resources and assessment in areas related to advanced care planning. DESIGN: Retrospective study with a 3-year observation period. SETTING: Integrated, not-for-profit managed care organization. PARTICIPANTS: Beneficiaries aged 65-105 responding to an annual survey (n = 4888). MEASUREMENTS: Survey instrument includes physical function, geriatric syndromes, health care utilization, special equipment use, self-care deficits, caregiving responsibilities, and general health problems. RESULTS: An 11-variable model changed the baseline chi2 from 315.71 (df = 1) to 742.511 (df = 11). The percent of subjects correctly classified was 74.3% and the negative predictive value was 92.2%. CONCLUSION: Advanced Illness Index (AII) model is stable. Characteristic variables used are not easily reversed: the 1997 cohort classified as at-risk consistently remained at risk or died in the subsequent years (1998, 92%; and 1999, 96%) and 92% of those not at-risk survived the next 36 months. Persons at high risk should at a minimum be made aware of the types of integrated home and community-based services available to them should it be needed. They also should be targeted for elicitation of treatment preferences, values, designation of health care proxy, planning, and advanced care directives.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Lung cancer in the Schneeberg mines: a reappraisal of the data reported by Harting and Hesse in 1879.

The first description of occupational lung cancer, by Harting and Hesse in 1879, unfortunately is not readily accessible. Its account of the vicissitudes of the Schneeberg miners merits study and is therefore presented in summary and set in a historical and geological context. The authors attempted to discover the cause of the disease and made recommendations for improving the health of miners. In the course of their programme of investigations, they developed methods for measuring airborne dust and inhaled dust by personal monitoring. It was left to subsequent discovery for radon and its daughter products to be identified as the causal agents. Later generations were to discover the impact of radioactive spoils from mines situated in the mountain range in which Schneeberg was located.

Germany↗
PubMed2005

Development of a condition-specific measure of quality of life for children with cerebral palsy: empirical thematic data reported by parents and children.

BACKGROUND: Although there is increasing recognition that quality of life (QOL) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are important outcome variables in clinical trials for children with cerebral palsy, there are substantial limitations in existing measures of QOL. This study identify themes of QOL for children with cerebral palsy and their parents to guide the development of a new condition-specific QOL scale. METHODS: A qualitative study of parent and child views on QOL composition was conducted, using a grounded theory framework. Families participated in semistructured interviews on QOL until thematic saturation was reached (n = 28 families). RESULTS: Overall, 13 themes emerged from the interviews: physical health, body pain and discomfort, daily living tasks, participation in regular physical and social activities, emotional well-being and self-esteem, interaction with the community, communication, family health, supportive physical environment, future QOL, provision of, and access to services, financial stability, and social well-being. CONCLUSIONS: Research with parents and children with cerebral palsy, representative of severity across the disease spectrum and socio-economic status, reinforced and expanded on the traditional themes that have underpinned QOL measurement development. This has implications not only for the development of a new QOL scale for children with cerebral palsy, but also for clinical interventions and community care management.

Activities of Daily Living↗