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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Urine collection from disposable diapers in premature infants: biochemical analysis.

Urine collection for analysis is commonly done in premature infants in sterile adhesive bags. Leakage due to poor adherence of the bag and irritation of the skin are frequent drawbacks with this technique. Urine retrieved from the fiber padding of disposable diapers has been shown to be reliable for biochemical analysis. However, the previous studies were done under laboratory conditions and the volume of urine used was much larger than a premature infant may void at one time. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of urine collected from disposable diapers for biochemical analysis in premature infants in the intensive care nursery.

Disposable Equipment↗
PubMed1990

The cost-effectiveness of disposable versus reusable diapers. A controlled experiment in a nursing home.

Because caring for incontinent elderly in nursing homes is so time-consuming and costly, this topic is of interest to nursing home administrators. A comparison of disposable products with reusable cloth diapers suggests that the disposable product used in the controlled study could save nursing homes approximately $161 to $248 per year per person. Although product costs were similar, the cost savings on laundry favored the disposable product. The study found the disposable product superior to the cloth reusable diaper after the skin condition of the participants was measured.

Clothing↗
PubMed1994

A reusable diaper evaluation within a children's hospital.

An evaluation of reusable diapers appears to hold promise for reducing costs and environmental waste within a children's hospital setting. Many factors, including economic, clinical, environmental, and logistical concerns, were considered in this study, which shows cost comparisons and survey assessment results from four separate alternatives. Although reusable diapers may be considered to be a better environmental choice, there are currently not enough overriding incentives to make a switch at this time.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗
PubMed1992

[Gangrenous ecthyma of the diaper area in infants].

Ecthyma gangrenosum due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a skin infection in which necrotic ulcerations surrounded by a red areola develop. The diaper area is the region most often involved in infants. Typically, ecthyma gangrenosum occurs in patients with septicemia and risk factors (chemotherapy, neutropenia). However, transient bacteremia or an infection confined to the skin may be the cause in some patients, with maceration in the diaper area and previous antibiotic therapy as risk factors.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

Presence of fecal material in diapers as a potential source of error in estimations of postmortem interval using arthropod development rates.

Second instar larvae of the fly Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera, Calliphoridae) were recovered from the diapers of a 16-month-old child abandoned by her mother on Oahu, Hawaii. The development of these larvae indicated a minimum period of 23.5 h of exposure prior to discovery of the child. Larvae of this species of fly are not normally associated with living tissues in Hawaii, but rather with feces and remains during the early stages of decomposition. Had the child in this case died and data not been provided detailing the site of infestation, the postmortem interval estimated would have been significantly longer than was actually the case, because of the development of the larvae inside the diapers of the living child. The need for caution in cases involving deaths of infants, the elderly, and individuals not capable of caring for themselves is stressed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Hazards associated with diaper changing.

The incidence of exposure to poisons occurring in children during diaper changing was recorded during a three-month period. There were 138 cases, with 79% between the ages of 7 to 18 months; 42% of the poisonings occurred between 5 PM and 9 PM. Powders accounted for 47% of the exposures. Symptoms were mild and occurred most often with powders. During diaper changing, children are at increased risk of poisoning.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influencing policy on diapering: not for babies only.

Recently, nurses and health professionals have been recognized as advocates on the health and environmental issues related to disposable diaper use. In this article, the history of an education project on diapering alternatives and the processes used to affect policy proactively are reviewed. Lessons from this effort to influence institutional and environmental policy are useful as health care professionals become increasingly involved in policy decisions in community and work settings.

Disposable Equipment↗
PubMed2005

"Wet diapers--dry patients": an effective dressing for patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Shoulder arthroscopy is very commonly associated with postoperative leakage of irrigation fluid. This causes apprehension to patients and their relatives and leads to frequent change of dressings. We describe a simple and effective diaper dressing for patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery. It is highly absorbent, cost-effective, and easy to apply. We have used this dressing successfully in more than 1,500 shoulder arthroscopies over the last 3 years with no adverse reaction.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1981

Napkin (diaper) dermatitis and gastrointestinal carriage of Candida albicans.

The correlation of recovery of Candida albicans from the skin, rectum and faeces of four clinically distinct groups of infants with napkin (diaper) dermatitis has been studied. We found that: (I) C. albicans is largely and constantly present both on the skin and in faeces of subjects with clinically overt Candidiasis of the napkin area; (2) C. albicans is lacking from both the skin and faeces of subjects with chafing or atopic dermatitis; (3) C. albicans can be found in faeces of subjects with unclassifiable napkin dermatitis in a direct relationship with its clinical severity; (4) failure to recover C. albicans from the skin can be due to the inhibitory effect of the inflammatory host reaction and therefore can be misleading.

Candida albicans↗
PubMed2006

Prospective aetiological study of diaper dermatitis in the elderly.

BACKGROUND: The different causes of diaper dermatitis (DD) in the elderly are not well known and the treatment is often empirical. OBJECTIVES: To determine the causes of DD in the elderly and to evaluate the efficacy of antifungal treatments in this indication. METHODS: Consecutive patients presenting with DD were included. Clinical evaluation, skin swabs for bacterial and mycological cultures, patch testing and skin biopsy were performed at inclusion. This was followed by 1 month of topical antifungal cream and, if needed, by oral fluconazole for the second month. RESULTS: Forty-six patients were included (mean age 85 years). Causes of DD were established for 38 patients: 24 had candidiasis (63%), six irritant dermatitis (16%), four eczema (11%) and four psoriasis (11%). After 2 months of treatment, 27 of 37 (73%) patients were cured and five of 37 were improved. CONCLUSIONS: Mycoses and irritant dermatitis are the main causes of DD in the elderly, and emollient skin care and topical antifungal treatment can be considered a first-line therapy for this indication.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Diaper dermatitis with psoriasiform ID eruption.

Diaper dermatitis with psoriasiform ID eruption has a distinct clinical presentation. Its etiology and relationship to psoriasis remain uncertain. Previous reports have shown histologic features of subacute to chronic dermatitis. Two cases are presented in which a biopsy of secondary lesions showed features characteristic of psoriasis. It is possible that such cases represent those patients with a psoriatic diathesis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1991

Jacquet erosive diaper dermatitis in a young girl with urinary incontinence.

We report a case of Jacquet erosive diaper dermatitis (dermatitis syphiloides posterosiva) in a 9-year-old girl suffering from urinary incontinence due to an ectopic opening of a left double ureter into the vaginal vestibule. The toilet paper that she used as an absorbent was thought to be one of the factors causing the eruption. The lesions cleared with topical application of a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory ointment and zinc oxide ointment, in conjunction with the use of sanitary napkins.

Child↗
PubMed1978

The histopathology of diaper dermatitis. Historical review.

The precise pathogenesis of one of the most common cutaneous disorders, diaper dermatitis, has not yet been completely established, perhaps in part because relatively little histopathological knowledge has been obtained. This paper summarizes the available information in this field, mostly obtained by early investigators.

Diaper Rash↗
PubMed1987

Anaphylaxis to cutaneous exposure to milk protein in a diaper rash ointment.

A 12-month-old boy, with a strong history of cow's milk allergy, developed two episodes of anaphylaxis following cutaneous application of a casein containing ointment to an inflamed diaper area. RAST testing showed a significant elevation in specific IgE antibodies to milk and milk proteins. This experience suggests that children who are highly sensitive to milk may have severe allergic reactions on cutaneous exposure to milk or milk products.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1988

Diaper dermatitis. Value of vitamin A topically applied.

The role of vitamin A in preventing diaper dermatitis was evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, prospective study in which 114 newborns were enrolled over an 11-month period. Patients in Group A (58 infants) were treated with a cream that contained 1,000 IU/g of vitamin A, whereas patients in Group B (56 infants) were treated with a cream that had the same composition, but it did not contain vitamin A. Each participant returned once every 15 days for six follow-up visits.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1975

[Diaper thrush. Clinical picture, mycology, histology, therapy (author's transl)].

During the last 7 years a well defined, characteristic disease has been observed in babies of the department of dermatology of the university clinic of Innsbruck. Because of the localisation and probable pathogenesis we have coined the term "Windelsoor" (diaper thrush) for it. Clinical picture, mycological and histological findings, therapeutical experience with therapy and follow-up results are reported. With reference to the anglo-american literature on this subject the pathogenesis of this disease is discussed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗