Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Contraindications”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Attitudes to and knowledge of contraindications against measles, mumps and rubella vaccination. (MFR-vaccination) among general practitioners].

A questionnaire investigation among general practitioners revealed that 29% of these were less positive about vaccination for measles, mumps and German measles (MFR vaccination) than for the remainder of the vaccination programme for children. Knowledge about contraindications for MFR vaccination was incomplete. Thus, only 26% of the general practitioners would advise vaccination if the parents stated that the child was hypersensitive to eggs. Only 70-80% of the general practitioners would advise vaccination if the child had cystic fibrosis, hydrocephalus, ventricle septum defect or had a cold but was apyrexial. Conversely, only 74% and 81% replied negatively to recommend vaccination if the child had had a previous anaphylactic reaction to eggs or was receiving treatment for leukemia. The replies given by the general practitioners were compared with present guidelines for contraindications to MFR vaccination and it is concluded that general practitioners should become more familiar with the knowledge about the MFR programme available at present and that further information from the official health authorities is required.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Indications and contraindications for vaccines used in the Expanded Programme on Immunization.

The aim of the Expanded Programme on Immunization is to reduce morbidity and mortality from six diseases that can be prevented by immunization. In many countries the immunization coverage is still less than optimal; one of the reasons for this is the fact that frequently health workers are faced with long lists of contraindications to immunization.The present review discusses the risks of adverse reactions after immunization and compares these risks with the complication rates following natural disease. It is concluded that the decision to withhold the benefits of immunization from an eligible child should not be taken lightly, particularly in areas where access to immunization services is limited and the incidence of the vaccine-preventable diseases is still high.Malnutrition should be a prime indication for immunization. Low-grade fever, mild respiratory infection, or diarrhoea should not be considered a contraindication to immunization. Measles immunization of children who have to be admitted to hospital has been shown to reduce the overall mortality rates in paediatric wards. It is recommended that all countries should formulate their own national policy, carefully considering the risks of disease as well as the benefits and potential risks of immunization.

BCG Vaccine↗
PubMed1993

[The intrauterine device: are there still contraindications? A study on 300 Gyne-T 380 users (1987-1992)].

Uterine malformations, history of infection and nulliparity are the classical contraindications to insertion of an IUD, while uterine scars and malpositions constitute relative contraindications. In a context of a marked reduction in the number of IUD users, the author reviews this method based on his personal experience of 300 cases. The indications for this type of contraception can be safely extended, as it constitutes a valuable alternative to other methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[No sex differences observed in thrombolysis treatment in acute myocardial infarct but they are found in contraindications and complications].

OBJECTIVE: To detect possible differences between men and women in thrombolytic treatment after acute myocardial infarction. DESIGN: Retrospective chart study. SETTING: University Hospital Nijmegen, the Netherlands. METHOD: The data were studied of all patients diagnosed at discharge as 'myocardial infarction' during the period July 1992 to December 1993, with comparison of men and women. RESULTS: There were 181 patients with myocardial infarction: 53 women (29%) and 128 men (71%). At the time of diagnosis, the women on average were 9 years older than the men. Of these patients, 24 women (45%) and 66 men (52%) were treated with a thrombolytic agent. In 30% of the cases in both men and women, the main reason not to give a thrombolytic agent was exceeding the time limit of 6 hours after the first symptoms. In addition, thrombolysis was refrained from because of contraindications in 23% of the women and in 17% of the men. In women, an 'inconclusive' ECG was an important reason for not giving thrombolysis. There was a difference between the numbers of women and men who developed complications after thrombolysis (25% as against 8%); in women these complications were mostly haemorrhages. 25% of the women and 15% of the men died in hospital. CONCLUSION: Women with a myocardial infarction were given thrombolytic treatment about as often as men. There were sex differences regarding the contraindications to thrombolysis and the complications after thrombolysis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Pediatric lung transplantation: indications and contraindications.

As the practice of lung transplantation in children evolves, the indications are expanding. The major diagnostic groups for which transplantation is offered are similar to those used in adult lung transplantation with the notable absence of obstructive lung disease. Of all children under the age of 18 years undergoing lung transplantation, cystic fibrosis accounts for approximately 35%, pulmonary vascular disease, with or without associated congenital heart disease, accounts for 25-30%, and interstitial lung diseases comprise about 10%. The other categories included retransplantation and a variety of diagnoses which by themselves describe an unusual form of end-stage pulmonary disease. The selection of candidates with transplantable diagnoses is crucial, and as this specialty evolves the contraindications have as well. Colonization of the airway with resistant bacterial or fungal organisms, history of multiple prior thoracic procedures, need for mechanical ventilation, diabetes mellitus, and the presence of other organ failure constitute some relative contraindications for transplantation. Retransplantation is a controversial issue that has not yet been resolved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[LH-RH agonists as therapeutic alternative in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and surgical contraindication. Long term follow up].

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to describe the benefits afforded by treatment with LH-RH analogues to patients with physical or mental disorders that consult for acute urinary retention or urinary symptomatology secondary to benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). METHODS: 52 patients with BPH in whom surgery was contraindicated due to poor mental or physical condition were treated with LH-RH analogue for six consecutive months a year for a period of three years. Thirty-eight patients had acute urinary retention and 14 had prostatic symptomatology. RESULTS: Serum testosterone fell below 11 nmol/l. No significant changes in PSA levels were observed. Assessment of the prostate by DRE and US showed prostatic size had diminished. Voiding and postvoid residual urine improved and the bladder catheter could be withdrawn. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that treatment with LH-RH analogue can reduce the urinary symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients with BPH in whom surgery is contraindicated.

Contraindications↗
PubMed2002

Reevaluation of the indications for radical pancreatectomy to treat pancreatic carcinoma: is portal vein infiltration a contraindication?

PURPOSE: Portal vein resection (PVR) has become more widely performed owing to improvements in the perioperative mortality rate. The present study was performed to determine whether portal vein infiltration is a contraindication against radical pancreatectomy for patients with pancreatic carcinoma. METHODS: Between 1990 and 1997, a total of 66 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas underwent surgical resection at the Department of Surgery II, Hokkaido University Hospital. After the exclusion of those who underwent distal pancreatectomy, the remaining 43 patients were divided into a PVR(+) group ( n = 28) and a PVR(-) group ( n = 15). The clinicopathological characteristics, morbidity, and mortality were statistically compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The overall survival rate of the patients who required PVR was not significantly different from that of those who underwent pancreatic resection without PVR. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that combined PVR should not be a contraindication to radical pancreatectomy for pancreatic carcinoma with positive vascular invasion.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in patients with relative contraindications: results of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute PTCA Registry.

The effects of relative contraindications on the immediate results of PTCA were investigated in 1,939 patients, and on long-term results in 998 patients with isolated stenosis of 1 coronary artery. Immediate results subjected to analysis were: success rate, major complications (coronary occlusion, MI and death) and emergency CABG. The analysis of long-term results included: status of angina pectoris, occurrence of MI, restenosis, repeat PTCA, CABG and death. Unstable angina and previous MI had no negative effects on immediate results, whereas a significantly lower success rate was noted in patients with angina for more than 1 year compared to patients with angina of shorter duration (p less than 0.05) and patients older than 60 years compared with younger patients (p less than 0.01). During follow-up, patients with unstable angina had higher CABG rate (p less than 0.01); the other relative clinical contraindications to PTCA did not exert adverse effects. Angiographically, there was a lower immediate success rate in patients with nonproximal stenosis (p less than 0.001) and in patients with calcium in the affected artery (p less than 0.01) and at the site of stenosis (p less than 0.001). Patients with tubular or diffuse stenoses had similar success rates but higher rates of complications, excluding death, than those with discrete stenoses (p less than 0.01). Patients with eccentric stenoses had a lower success rate and a higher rate of complications and emergency CABG than patients with concentric stenoses (p less than 0.001 for all 3 variables).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Given the benefits of breastfeeding, what contraindications exist?

Breastfeeding is not contraindicated in association with environmental hazards in the United States under ordinary circumstances. Unusual massive exposure should be assessed on an individual basis. In the face of any possible contraindication to breastfeeding, the tremendous benefits of being breastfed should be compared with the theoretic risk for the hazard involved and a decision made on an individual basis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Prescription of contraindicated and interacting drugs in elderly patients admitted to hospital.

573 elderly patients admitted to the general medical and geriatric beds of a teaching hospital in January, 1983, were receiving an average of 2.14 drugs on admission, 5.48 during inpatient stay, and 3.47 on discharge. Contraindicated or adversely interacting drugs were identified in 200 (3.2%) of 6160 prescriptions. 136 (23.7%) patients were affected. 7 patients received drugs to which they had had adverse reactions. There were a further 60 contraindicated and 133 adversely interacting drugs. 117 prescriptions were potentially hazardous and another 27 interactions may have led to suboptimal treatment. 131 (65.6%) undesirable prescriptions were deemed avoidable and a further 36 (18%) were probably so. The frequency of errors was higher in admission medication (5.3%) than in hospital prescriptions (2.9%). The importance, origin, and prevention of prescribing errors in drug-induced morbidity in the elderly are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Heparin in patients with venous thromboembolism and contraindications to oral anticoagulant therapy.

After an initial course of heparin therapy, patients with venous thromboembolism require continuing anticoagulant therapy for several months after hospital discharge to prevent recurrences. For most patients oral anticoagulants are the treatment of choice. However, patients receiving therapy need to participate in frequent and careful laboratory monitoring, and a patient's inability or unwillingness to cooperate in such procedures should contraindicate the use of oral anticoagulants. Oral anticoagulants may also be contraindicated in patients with serious coexisting conditions. Finally, several authors consider the oral anticoagulants should not be administered to elderly people, and when administered to pregnant women, they may be associated with embryopathy. Several trials have demonstrated that subcutaneous heparin may be an acceptable alternative to coumarin. However, the high doses required for continuing prophylaxis have raised concerns about the risks of development of osteoporosis and bone fractures. The recently developed low-molecular-weight heparins constitute a good alternative.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Isolated portal vein involvement in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. A contraindication for resection?

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to examine the morbidity, mortality, and survival of patients undergoing portal vein resection (PVR) for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Inability to separate the pancreas from the portal vein has historically been a locoregional contraindication for resection in patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, and frequently, isolated local invasion of the portal veins is the only obstacle to curative resection. METHODS: A review of the prospective database for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center identified 332 patients who underwent pancreatic resection. Of those, 58 (17%) were identified as having isolated clinical involvement of the portal vein and underwent pancreatic resection with PVR. Patients undergoing curative pancreatic resection without PVR over this same time period comprise the control group. RESULTS: The 5% in-hospital mortality rate for PVR was not significantly different from that seen in those patients who did not undergo PVR (3%). Overall median survival for the PVR group was 13 months (range, < 1-109 months), which was not statistically different from those patients undergoing pancreatic resection without PVR (17 months (range, < 1-132 months). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that suspected isolated portal vein involvement should not be a contraindication for pancreatic resection in patients with adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Indications, contraindications and complications of laparoscopy.

The primary use of laparoscopy is as a surgical tool, with sterilizations being the overwhelming indication. The laparoscope is used less frequently as a non-surgical tool, with the major indication being for diagnosing infertility and/or amenorrhea, and for evaluation of obscure pelvic pain. There would seem to be several indications for laparoscopy that have been neglected, these being in confirming the diagnosis of acute pelvic inflammatory disease; in the evaluation of malignancies and abdominal-pelvic trauma; and the surgical treatment of pelvic pain. Lapar-The majority of these contraindications are relative, and depend soley on the laparoscopist's ability and his clinical judgment. The problems of hernias seem to have been over-emphasized. The laparoscopist should be aware of potential problems with umbilical hernia, and he probably can ignore hiatal hernias except when they are large and quite symptomatic. However, generalized abdominal peritonitis, significant hemoperitoneum with intestinal obstruction are felt by most authors to be absolute contraindications. The most frequent complications of laparoscopy involve the physoperitoneum. Except for cardiac arrest the most serious complications involve electrical burns to small bowel.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1992

The decrease in organ donations from 1985 to 1990 caused by increasing medical contraindications and refusals by relatives.

After the progressive improvement in the results of organ transplantation we now face the challenge of shortage in organ supply. The decreasing number of organ retrievals performed in 1990 at our hospital has raised questions concerning loss of potential organ donors and opposition to donation by the next of kin. We investigated these questions and the number of organs available per million inhabitants in the area covered by our university hospital. Our surgical intensive care unit provides about 85% of all organ donations for this area. To this end, all 375 deaths occurring in the surgical ICU during the period between January 1, 1985 and December 31, 1990 were analyzed. Of 138 brain-stem deaths, 43 presented medical contraindications preventing organ harvesting for transplantation. Consent for donation was sought from the families of the 95 remaining potential donors and was refused for 17 patients. Organ retrieval followed all of the 78 agreements to donate, so that no suitable donor was lost. Over the 6 years surveyed, a progressive decrease in organs procured was observed, due to an increase of medical contraindications to organ harvesting for transplantation (P less than 0.001) and a higher rate of refusals to donate organs (P less than 0.002). The rate of kidney retrieval was thereby reduced from 45 to less than 25 per million population per year between 1985 and 1990 for our hospital's catchment area. The reasons cited by the families for denying organ donation suggest that the publicity campaigns aimed at the medical community and the public concerning organ transplant programs should be modified, and that a careful selection of indications for transplantation seems mandatory.

Attitude↗
PubMed2006

Prevalence of contraindicated medical conditions and use of precluded medications in patients with painful neuropathic disorders prescribed amitriptyline.

Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that is historically indicated and used to manage depression. More recently, due to clinical evidence demonstrating efficacy, it is often prescribed in the management of painful neuropathic disorders (PNDs). However, the amitriptyline label contains numerous preclusions (contraindications, warnings/precautions, drug interactions). Our objective was to measure the frequency of amitriptyline prescriptions in PND patients using the U.K. General Practice Research Database and assess whether any prescriptions were given to patients with preclusions listed in the product label. We identified a total of 13,546 patients (mean age 59 +/- 16.2 years; 66.7% female) who had a diagnosis of a PND and received > or =1 prescription for amitriptyline between July 1998 and June 2001. Nearly half (46.7%) of PND patients prescribed amitriptyline had > or =1 preclusion for its use; 3.5% had > or =1 contraindication; 22% had > or =1 warning/precaution; and 33% received > or =1 medication with a potential for drug interactions with amitriptyline. Preclusions were more likely in women than in men (48.3% vs. 43.4%, P < 0.0001); their incidence increased with age (42.8%, 50.4%, 55.1%, and 52.3% among those ages <65, 65-74, 75-84, and 85+ years, P < 0.0001), and the number of patients with preclusions was the highest in the phantom limb pain group (67.4%) and lowest in the atypical facial pain group (42.9%), P < 0.001. The average daily amitriptyline doses (starting: 33.6 +/- 32.4 mg; maintenance: 42.1 +/- 39.9 mg) were low compared to those used for the treatment of depression. Results indicate that, in a significant number of cases, the existence of preclusions did not prevent the prescribing of amitriptyline. Our findings raise a potential concern about the way this medication is being used. However, the clinical significance of these data is, as yet, unclear. Although, in theory, adverse outcomes may have been associated with this practice, we could not confirm this with this database analysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Incidence of contraindications to immunisation.

A cohort of 522 children entering primary school were reviewed for contraindications to immunisation. Every child in the group would have been eligible to receive diphtheria, tetanus, polio, and measles immunisation if the current (1988) Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS) guidelines had been followed. Only 2.5% of the cohort met the DHSS contraindications to pertussis immunisation.

Child↗
PubMed1976

Amoxycillin in treatment of typhoid fever in patients with haematological contraindications to chloramphenicol.

Thirty adults with proved typhoid fever were treated with amoxycillin 1 g six-hourly by mouth for an average of 14 days because of haematological contraindications to chloramphenicol. Eighteen patients were Egyptian men with the Mediterranean variety of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and an enzyme activity in the red cells fanging from 0 to 3%, and 12 patients had a history of severe but reversible myelosuppression after eight to 12 days' treatment with chloramphenicol 1-5-2 g daily. The clinical and bacteriological responses in this group of patients were compared with those of 30 haematologically normal patients of comparable age and sex treated with chloramphenicol. The results showed that amoxycillin is an effective alternative to chloramphenicol for treating typhoid fever in patients with haematological contraindications to chloramphenicol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Cryosurgery of genital warts in cases in which podophyllin treatment failed or was contraindicated.

A total of 56 cases with warts in which podophyllin treatment was either contraindicated or a failure, were treated with nitrous oxide using a Keymed 500 cryosurgical appliance. Forty-three patients who completed treatment were followed-up for three months. Thirty-seven of these had received applications of podophyllin twice weekly for an average period of three months before cryosurgery. The remaining cases in whom podophyllin was considered to be contraindicated included five with vulval warts (two were pregnant, two were bronchial asthmatics taking oral prednisolone, and one was taking oral clomiphene citrate), and a diabetic patients with penile warts. Thirty-two were cured and 11 relapsed. The latter were re-treated at the end of the follow-up period with two freezing cycles of 45 seconds at an interval of 30 minutes. Seven were cured and the remaining four men who failed to respond belonged to the podophyllin-resistant group and included three with metal warts and one homosexual with anogenital warts. Cryosurgery gave a cumulative success rate of 91%. A single freezing cycle was free from complications but a double freezing cycle was often followed by severe local reaction.

Cryosurgery↗