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Results for “Compressed Air”

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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Effect of supplemental oxygen on exercise performance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and an arterial oxygen tension over 60 Torr].

The effects of supplemental oxygen on exercise tolerance and exercise-induced dyspnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and an arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) over 60 Torr were studied. Twenty two men who met the criteria stated above underwent three 6-minute walk tests while breathing room air, compressed air, or supplemental oxygen, in a double-blind randomized crossover fashion. The distance walked in 6 minutes was recorded, and the degree of dyspnea during exercise was quantified on a visual analog scale with a questionnaire that had eight descriptors of dyspnea sensations. The distances walked were: 535 +/- 27 (SE) for room air, 545 +/- 27 for compressed air, and 563 +/- 23 m for O2. These data indicate a significant placebo effect and an effect of supplemental oxygen. The data regarding dyspnea also indicated both a significant placebo effect and an effect of supplemental oxygen, but the descriptors for the placebo effect differed from those for the effect of supplemental oxygen. Patients in whom arterial desaturation (below 88%) developed during exercise with compressed air benefited from supplemental oxygen: they walked significantly farther and their dyspnea scores for two of the eight descriptors were significantly lower. However, patients in whom arterial desaturation (below 88%) did not develop during exercise with compressed air did not benefit from supplemental oxygen. Nonetheless, the degree of dyspnea during exercise with compressed air could not be used to predict the beneficial effect of supplemental oxygen.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Ultrastructural aspects of bubble formation in human fatal accidents after exposure to compressed air.

Electron microscopic investigations were performed on samples of human tissue obtained from subjects following fatal decompression sickness, associated with hyperbaric air-therapy. Intra- and extracellular gas bubbles of varying size were identified throughout the entire body. Each bubble was covered by an osmiophilic non-homogeneous coat of cloudy and flocculent material, native to its specific locality. This envelope measured from 30 to 560 Angstroem-units in thickness. Association of this covering with an electrokinetic zonal activity, detected biophysically by Lee and Hairston (1971) is assumed. We consider this surface coat prevents nitrogen from being eliminated via the blood-lung barrier.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Pneumomediastinum: complications due to the use of a jet of compressed air].

We present a case-report of pneumomediastinum and surgical emphysema of the head, neck and upper thorax following the use of a high-pressure air-jet during dental surgery under general anaesthesia with N2O. This rare complication may be forgotten by the anaesthetist. The pneumomediastinum was diagnosed at the end of surgery and the cause subsequently determined during the immediate postoperative period. The possible deleterious effects of using such a dental air-jet are discussed as well as the potential dangers of the administration of nitrous oxide in such situation.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Bilateral orbital emphysema from compressed air injury.

PURPOSE: To describe a patient who developed bilateral subconjunctival and orbital emphysema after an automobile tire explosion. METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: A 60-year-old man sustained bilateral ocular injury after a tire explosion. Ophthalmic examination disclosed bilateral subconjunctival air, with no visible conjunctival laceration. Computed tomography showed orbital emphysema, with no evidence of orbital fracture. Follow-up examination 2 weeks after the injury disclosed resolution of the subconjunctival air. Best-corrected visual acuity in the right eye was decreased after the explosion but improved to the baseline level of 20/40 2 weeks after the injury. CONCLUSION: Subconjunctival and orbital emphysema can occur from high-pressure air injury in the absence of an obvious entry site.

Air↗