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PubMed1976

Histochemical and biochemical properties of the labial and palatine glands and their secretions in the Macaca irus and Cercopithecus aethiops monkeys.

The increasing use of non-human primates in experimental studies in dentistry demands detailed knowledge of their basic oral biology. The labial and palatine glands and their secretory products were compared in two commonly used monkey species. The mucous cells of both gland types appeared to elaborate sulphated muco-substances and the serous demilunes of the labial glands neutral mucosubstances. The secretions of these glands, as obtained by in vitro cultivation of glandular tissue were subjected to isoelectric fractionation. The labial and palatine secretions of the C. aethiops contained an acidic component which exhibited the viscous properties of the original secretions, showed incorporation of 35SO4 and had high titres of virus-haemagglutination inhibition activity. A similar component has been found in M. irus labial and palatine secretions. The two monkey species were similar in that the labial gland secretions of both contained small amounts of lysozyme activity, which the palatine gland secretions did not. They differed in that alpha-amylase activity was present in the labial and palatine secretions of the C. aethiops, which corresponds to the human situation. The minor glands of the M. irus did not show traces of alpha-amylase activity. The distribution of several chemical characteristics of the salivary gland secretions of both monkey species indicated that neither of them were identical to man, even though a general similarity was evident.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Experimental infection in man and monkey (Cercopithecus callitrichus) by sarcosporidian cysts of cattle and swine].

Reported in this paper is experimental sarcosporidial infection of man and lower primates (grass monkey). The courses of infection were followed up by coprological and serological tests. Oral-alimentary administration of 100 Sarcocystis (S.)-fusiformis cysts obtained from cattle muscle caused patent infection in man. Gastro-intestinal symptoms developed in one of the probands, between five and seven days after infection. No sporocysts were detectable from the stools of seven probands who had consumed 200 g each of commercially available minced pork which contained small amounts of Sarcocystis miescherania villi. Rise in antibody to Sarcocystes following infection was detected however, by means of indirect fluorescence antibody reaction (IFAR). Gastrointestinal complaints were reported by one of the probands, one day after infection. No sporocysts were detectable from the stools of four grass monkeys, following oral-alimentary administration of 50 or 25 S. miescherania cysts, but rise in antibody to S. miescherania was recorded in these cases. Those grass monkeys which had received 50 cysts responded by exhibiting, after infection, severe clinical phenomena with intestinal signs and symptoms of the central nervous sytem.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Spleen morphometry in Cercopithecus aethiops.

The fast progress of experimental medicine causes an increased interest in the morphological aspects of body structure of the animals used in experiments. This is particularly true with regard to the Primates because of numerous similarities between them and human as far as both body structure and the relation between the structural features of individual organs and certain external features of the body are concerned (2, 6, 7, 9).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The structure of the shell and polar plugs of the egg of the whipworm, Trichuris trichiura (Nematoda: Trichuridae) from the Samango monkey (Cercopithecus albogularis).

The structure of the shell of the egg of Trichuris trichiura was examined using light microscopy as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results confirmed its three-layered structure and provided evidence that the cores of the polar plugs, which could be seen to be extensions of the shell's middle layer, could be lost en bloc, either mechanically or chemically, and in this way probably provided an exit for the first stage larva at hatching.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Therapy proposals for the quarantine of African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops)].

Attenuated live virus vaccines are usually tested in vivo for neurovirulent properties by using African green monkeys. This report describes the health condition of animals that have been imported from Ethiopia. The monkeys were strongly malnourished when they arrived at the institute. One animal died during the shipment. In spite of many diagnostic and therapeutic efforts only 14 of 29 monkeys survived the 120-day-quarantine. Most animals died of infections of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts within 4 weeks after arrival.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Ethanol drinking by vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus pygerethrus): individual responses of juvenile and adult males.

Unrestricted access of vervet monkeys to a palatable solution of ethanol resulted in chronic intake or abstinence. Self-selected dose averaged 4.42 g/kg body mass/day. Growth of juveniles was not grossly affected. In plasma, chronic ethanol intake was associated with lower average K and Cl values, increased gamma glutamyl transpeptidase in some adults, and higher average total cholesterol. Neither hepatic histology nor haematology were affected by chronic ethanol intake.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Preliminary electron microscopic observations on ependymal cells in the caudal segment of the filum terminale and the ampulla caudalis of Macaca fascicularis and Cercopithecus griseoviridis (primates, Cercopithecidae).

In a previous paper, the concept of the terminal organ (TO) of the subcommissural complex was forwarded. Functionally this complex is a neuro (glio-) hemal organ which serves to discharge the Reissner's secretory material into the systemic circulation. The TO is characterized by structural specializations that make feasible the discharge and chemical decomposition of the secretory material stowed in the massa caudalis (MC). The TO is probably not only the ampulla caudalis (AC); it may comprise even parts of the filum terminale next to the AC. The boundary of the TO is uncertain as yet. It cannot be precluded that the AC, which itself varies in shape and size, is just a receptaculum massae caudalis. The material of the MC escapes from the AC either through apertures of the wall of the AC or of the filum terminale (Neuropori caudalis, slit-shaped gaps). It is also likely that the secretory material becomes chemically decomposed in the AC and is intra- (trans-) cellularly discharged. In this connexion, certain ependymal cells may be of significance. These cells exhibit large, tongue-shaped central projections (temporarily developed?) which bear a considerable number of long microvilli. The significance of these cells probably lies in the enlargement of the cell surface bathing in the CSF which contains the MC. These cells are most abundant in the area of the TO; single, isolated cells of the same type occur in other areas of the ependyma of some primates. This would indicate that the TO does not contain special types of cells not found in other parts of the ependyma, but that the TO differs from other ependymal regions in the density of peculiar cell types.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Sensory nerve endings in the penis in green monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus).

The authors examined the sensory innervation of the skin in the penis in green monkey in four adult individuals both in the light and in the elctron microscope. They found 3 kings of nerve endings. The free nerve endings were the most frequently occurring kind of nerve endings in the superficial layers of the corium--altogether 6,444 in number. The second kind of sensory nerve endings is represented by the glomerular endings out of which 96 per cent were found in the papillae. The typical Meissner's endings were observed in the light microscopy only rarely. Deeper in the corium the authors also found single simple sensory corpuscles and Pacinian corpuscles. Studying the ultrastructure the authors found in the papillae of the corium 4 types of glomerular endings: quite simple glomerular endings with irregularly arranged Schwann cells, larger and more complicated glomerular endings having a thicker capsule, endings with lamellar system around the terminals and typical Meissner's endings. In the epidermis the authors observed naked axons which passed in the spaces among the epidermal cells. They contained an accumulation of mitochondria. In the basal cell layer of the epidermis there was a small amount of Langerhans cells.

Animals↗