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PubMedDate not supplied

The epidemiology and control of communicable diseases (in the outpatient setting).

The primary care practitioner is increasingly required to deal with challenging infectious disease problems. Today, management of many infectious diseases requires evaluating the patient and determining the appropriate treatment, as well as considering disease transmission and prevention issues. As risk factors for communicable disease transmission and prevention strategies are identified, healthcare providers may find themselves providing more complex patient care. The care of the patient diagnosed with an infectious disease may include prophylaxis for family contacts, collection of disease histories and immunity status for "exposed" office workers, and communicating with schools and child care, in addition to the treatment of the patient. This review of some of the most common infectious disease problems and the appropriate interventions should provide helpful information for primary care practitioners.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A critical review of the infectious diseases surveillance system in the Gaza Strip.

The development and strengthening of national surveillance systems is a key part of communicable disease control. This review article describes and evaluates the Palestinian surveillance system and discusses the role of the epidemiology departments and other health providers in Gaza Strip in reporting infectious diseases, considers the use of the data collected, and makes recommendations for strengthening infectious diseases surveillance. Underreporting of infectious diseases remains a major problem in communicable diseases surveillance. Recommendations include the unification of the reporting forms between different health providers, increased involvement of health providers in reporting of infectious diseases, and complete separation of surveillance and clinical activities in epidemiology departments.

Bias↗
PubMed1997

Estimates of reports of notifiable diseases by general practitioners in regional Western Australia.

We surveyed the attitudes of general practitioners to the notification of gazetted diseases in the south-west of Western Australia. Notification rates were calculated from the number of notifications recorded by the Southern Public Health Unit or the Communicable Disease Control Program of the State Health Department, and the estimated population of the region, the metropolitan area and the State. Of the 80% of general practitioners responding to the survey, 96% advised they intended to notify all gazetted diseases they diagnosed. Notification rates in the south-west of Western Australia ranged from 380 to 900 per 100,000 population, compared with approximately 450 per 100,000 population in the metropolitan area.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1998

PHLS overview of communicable diseases 1997: results of a priority setting exercise.

In early 1997, the PHLS Overview of Communicable Diseases (OVCD) Committee carried out a consultation exercise to inform the development of PHLS priorities in communicable diseases for the years 1997 to 1999. The views of PHLS senior staff and scientific committees and consultants in communicable disease control in district health authorities were sought by postal questionnaire, and several organisations of health professionals were asked for their views on the initial findings. The main findings of the exercise are summarised in three areas of priority. Priority 1 diseases--those of major importance to public health--included food poisoning, meningitis, tuberculosis, sexually transmitted diseases, vaccine preventable diseases, hospital acquired infections, and antimicrobial resistance. Priority 2 diseases--those of moderate importance to public health--included respiratory syncytial virus and varicella zoster virus infections and emerging problems such as travel associated infections. Priority 3 diseases included those whose prevalence is declining as a result of public health action, such as listeriosis, and diseases of low prevalence and/or associated morbidity. The exercise identified four areas of possible future work for the PHLS: activities in prion diseases, helping to tackle inequalities in health, taking a more active approach to documenting the socioeconomic burden of disease, and engaging more with those consulted. The PHLS has used the results of the priority setting exercise to guide major programme initiatives in tuberculosis, measles, mumps, and rubella, meningococcal and pneumococcal diseases, and in antibiotic resistance. In addition, they have helped to shape agenda in service delivery and research in hospital acquired infections, sexually transmitted diseases, and gastrointestinal diseases. This exercise of engaging corporately with key professionals in communicable disease has paved the way for a wider engagement with stakeholders in the setting of future priorities.

Adolescent↗