Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “CLEFT PALATE”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[A modified technique of obturator fabrication for cleft palate infants].

Cleft palate is a commonly observed congenital maxillofacial defect. The first problem to be faced is the interference of feeding. It is a hard challenge for both the parents and the dentist. A cleft palate infant is unable to produce negative pressure in the oral cavity, thus resulting in feeding difficulty. The maxillary obturator resolves feeding problem and induces better maxillary growth patterns before operation. The maxillary obturator should be applied as early as possible to avoid the post surgical problems. The material for traditional obturator is tough and often injures the soft tissue. In order not to interfere with the growth of the dental arch, the border of the obturator must be trimmed regularly, until the retention becomes insufficient. In this paper, a modified technique of obturator fabrication was presented. The new method uses silicone relining material instead of ortho resin, as the packing of the obturator. It has been applied to dozens of patients. After a long follow up and comparison with the traditional method, the advantages of the new design can be summarized as follows: (1) Silicone is softer and does not injure the soft tissue. (2) It does not require the trimming of the border of obturator. (3) It has better retention and comfort for the patients.

Cleft Palate↗
PubMed2001

Possible relationship between the van der Woude syndrome (vWS) locus and nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P).

Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is one of the most common congenital malformations in humans occurring with a birth prevalence of approximately 1:1,000. CL/P may be part of a defined syndrome, sequence or association, although most individual or familial cases present as an isolated (nonsyndromic) malformation (NSCL/P). Inheritance is generally regarded as multigenic although, in some families, NSCL/P seemingly segregates as a monogenic trait. On the other hand, van der Woude syndrome (vWS) is a rare autosomal dominant with cardinal features of lower-lip pits (LLP) and CL/P or cleft palate (alone). Since none of these traits is present in all mutation carriers, some individual or familial vWS cases, especially those lacking LLP, are indiscernible from NSCL/P, raising the question whether allelic variation at the vWS locus could underlie NSCL/P. This question was addressed using parametric linkage (LOD score) analysis in 21 multiplex NSCL/P families based on a tightly linked microsatellite marker (D1S3753), and nonparametric analysis using the transmission/disequilibrium test (GTDT) in 106 NSCL/P triads and selecting markers D1S205, D1S491, and D1S3753. No evidence for linkage of NSCL/P to vWS was found on the 21 families using the LOD score approach. In contrast, TDT yielded a significant P value of 0.04 for D1S205, supporting involvement of vWS in NSCL/P in a complex, modifying/polygenic manner rather than as a monogenic/major disease locus.

Alleles↗
PubMed2000

Psychological study of cleft palate children with or without cleft lip by kinetic family drawing.

To clarify how cleft palate children with or without cleft lip perceive their family, we applied the Kinetic Family Drawing (KFD) technique to 60 cleft palate children (with or without cleft lip). The children were aged 7-9 years (in the 1-3 grade of elementary school) and attended the Department of Oral Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, between 1990 and 1997. Controls consisted of 100 normal elementary school children of the same age. Major findings were: (1) Compared with normal children, cleft lip and palate boys and cleft palate only girls drew their self-images significantly more often in region D (lower right) and in region A (upper left), respectively. (2) Cleft palate children with or without cleft lip felt anxiety and fear toward their family, rarely viewing their homes as a restful place; this suggested insecurity. Uniquely dynamic relations were also suggested in their homes. (3) Cleft palate children with or without cleft lip often perceived their father or mother as persons easily acceptable in society. Rather remote psychological distance between parents and cleft palate children with or without cleft lip was suggested.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1979

Styloid, velar, and pharyngeal muscles in cleft palate. Anatomical findings in elderly cadaver with unrepaired cleft palate.

Dessection of the musculature of the palate, pharynx, and styloid process was carried out in a cadaver aged 78 years with an unrepaired complete cleft palate. A new muscle named "the accessory stylohyoid" was found to be attached to the styloid process and the lesser cornu of the hyoid bone bilaterally. Anatomical changes in other muscles especially the stylopharyngeus and palatopharyngeus are described. The functions of these muscles are discussed on the basis of the anatomical findings and previous observations of other investigators.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

A new method for achieving complete two-layer closure of a massive palatal cleft.

A new surgical technique was used to provide a complete two-layer closure of an extremely wide cleft palate in cases in which the width of the cleft defect is larger than the sum of the combined widths of the remaining palate. The oral layer of closure is obtained by the use of turnover flaps of the nasal mucoperiosteum based on the margin of the cleft. This recruits the nasal mucosal flap into the oral layer of closure and allows adequate width for complete closure of the oral layer of the cleft. The nasal layer of closure is obtained by the use of a wide, long, superiorly based pharyngeal flap. This technique provides, in a single surgical procedure, a complete two-layer closure of extremely wide palatal defects. Previously, staged procedures were necessary to obtain a complete two-layer closure, or if a single procedure was performed, an incomplete two-layer closure resulted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Induction of cleft palate by gamma-irradiation of prenatal CD-1 mice.

Fetuses of pregnant mice exposed to whole body gamma-irradiation (400 rads) on the 12th gestational day were compared with control fetuses to assess the effect of radiation on palatogenesis. Experimental and control groups were sacrificed on day 18 of gestation. The fetuses were removed via laparotomy and counted to determine the litter size. Animals were decapitated and the maximum head height, width, and circumference recorded. For light microscopic examination of palatogenesis, heads were fixed in Bouin's solution and prepared for paraffin sectioning and staining with hematoxylin and eosin. A significant reduction in litter size (p < .0025) and head measurements (p < .005) of irradiated fetuses was observed when compared to those of the control group. Histologic examination of serial coronal sections demonstrated that 100% of the experimental fetuses had palatal clefts. It was concluded that gamma-rays have adverse effects on the litter size, head measurements, and palatal closure of mouse fetuses.

Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗
PubMed2001

Management of the cleft palate.

Oral clefts are among the most common of all birth defects. The exact etiology of palatal clefting is unclear, however, it is believed to be a multifactorial disruption of embryologic morphogenesis. Evaluation of these patients is complex and requires a thorough understanding of palatal anatomy and embryology. A team approach is used to addresses the varied anatomic, genetic, and psychosocial issues that surround these patients and their families. This article reviews the anatomy, embryology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of children with cleft palate.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2004

Evaluation of cleft palate speech.

Children born with palatal clefts are at risk for speech/language delay and speech problems related to palatal insufficiency. These individuals require regular speech evaluations, starting in the first year of life and often continuing into adulthood. The primary role of the speech pathologist on the cleft palate/craniofacial team is to evaluate whether deviations in oral cavity structures, such as the velopharynx, negatively impact speech production. This article focuses on the assessment of velopharyngeal function before and after palatal surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Patterns of velopharyngeal closure in subjects with repaired cleft palate and normal speech: a multi-view videofluoroscopic analysis.

Thirty subjects with repaired palatal clefts and normal speech ranging in age from 2 to 12 years were examined in multiple videofluoroscopic projections in order to assess velopharyngeal closure in three dimensions. The following points became evident from the results of this study: 1. All 30 subjects exhibited contact between the superior border of the velum and the adenoid mass in the nasopharynx. Often, a sharp levator eminance was not formed due to the small space between the velum at rest and the adenoids. Thus, there was little room for the velum to elevate. 2. All 30 subjects showed good localized medial movement of the LAPW at the approximate plane of the hard palate. 3. 10 out of 30 subjects, 33%, had a Passavant's Ridge during speech. All 10 of these subjects utilized the ridge as a point of closure, as well as the adenoids. 4. The observed patterns of closure were consistent across varied consonant utterances. 5. The mechanism of velopharyngel closure in this group of subjects is essentially the same as for normal adult speakers and differs only anatomically due to a lack of verticle head growth in children. Thus, in spite of the presence of adenoids and the lack of verticle head development, the basic sphincteric mechanism of velopharyngeal colsure is utilized in these subjects.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1993

The need for orthognathic surgery in patients born with complete cleft palate or complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.

The purpose of the study was three fold: (1) to assess the need for orthognathic surgery in complete cleft palate and complete cleft lip and palate patients treated in Liverpool, (2) to determine the effect of timing of operation, technique and the number of operations on the need for orthognathic surgery and (3) to establish a more standardised method of assessing the need of orthognathic surgery in cleft lip and palate patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Submucous cleft palate: a grading system and review of 40 consecutive submucous cleft palate repairs.

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to determine whether velar surgery was worthwhile for submucous cleft palate (SMCP) and evaluate whether results were dependent on the degree of the anatomical abnormality. DESIGN: A prospective study of a consecutive series of patients fulfilling the entry criteria, assessed blindly from records arranged randomly. PATIENTS: Fifty-eight patients diagnosed with SMCP and operated on by a single surgeon between June 1991 and April 1997 were reviewed. Forty patients fulfilled the entry criteria. Minimum follow-up was 6 years. INTERVENTION: Radical reconstruction of the soft palate musculature was performed by one surgeon using the operating microscope. A scoring system was devised for grading the anatomical severity of submucous cleft (SMCP score). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postoperative hypernasality and nasal emission scores and the degrees of improvement were considered the primary outcome measures, and the degree of velopharyngeal closure was also assessed. RESULTS: There were highly significant improvements in hypernasality, nasal emission, and velopharyngeal closure. A preoperative gap size of more than 13 mm was associated with less satisfactory outcomes, but gap size was not predictive of improvement. Severity of the SMCP did not correlate with the degree of preoperative speech abnormality but was a significant predictor of outcome of surgery, with the less severe (total SMCP score of 0 to 3) having less satisfactory end results and lesser degrees of improvement. Patients with less abnormal muscle anatomy had lesser degrees of improvement. CONCLUSION: Repair of the muscle abnormality in SMCP is recommended as the first line of treatment in most cases.

Adolescent↗