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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Cement-within-cement revision hip arthroplasty.

We reviewed 19 revision hip arthroplasties in which the new femoral component had been recemented into the old, intact cement mantle. The mean time from the first operation to revision was 64 months and the average follow-up was 59 months. There were 7 excellent, 11 good, and one fair result. No femoral component had been revised for loosening and all the stems appeared radiographically stable. Complications included intraoperative perforation of the femur on two occasions and one dislocation. The use of the cement-within-cement technique requires that the old cement surface be dry and roughened to increase the surface area and that the cement be injected in the liquid phase to prevent lamination. The indications for this technique include a broken stem with an intact distal cement mantle, the removal of a femoral component for revision of a loose cup to improve exposure and/or increase offset, recurrent dislocation secondary to component malposition, and debonding of the femoral component within an intact cement mantle.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Effect of integrated distance studs on cement thickness of implanted PE-acetabulum cups--experimental in vitro studies for improved cementing technique].

Variations in cement thickness between PE cups and acetabular bone are biomechanically unfavourable, and may contribute to prosthetic loosening. Integrated distance studs should in the first instance, prevent local thinning of the cement. In an experimental study we compared the thickness of the cement mantel of implanted PE cups without such studs. In the case of cups with studs, significantly fewer areas of thin cement (0-1 mm) were found in comparison with cups with no studs. "Bald" areas of cement (0-0.2 mm) were virtually prevented by the studs. We are of the opinion that PE cups with integrated studs on the surface ensure a uniform cement thickness around the cup, as well as decreasing the risk of "bald" areas in the cement, thus reducing loosening.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1994

Radiolucency at the bone-cement interface in total knee replacement. The effects of bone-surface preparation and cement technique.

Three hundred and sixty-three knees (221 patients) that had been treated with total arthroplasty between 1975 and 1985 were divided into three groups on the basis of the preparation of the surface of the bone and the technique of the cement application. Group 1 (155 knees) was treated with irrigation of the bone surfaces with a syringe and manual packing of the bone cement. Group 2 (sixty-one knees) had high-volume, high-pressure lavage of the bone surfaces and manual packing of the cement. Group 3 (147 knees) had high-volume, high-pressure lavage and pressure injection of low-viscosity methylmethacrylate cement. Radiolucency was evaluated at each follow-up interval, and the findings were subjected to chi-square analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Chi-square analysis of the data at one and three years indicated a significantly higher frequency of lines at the bone-cement interface in the femur and tibia in Group-1 knees compared with those in Groups 2 and 3. The survival curves showed increasing rates of radiolucency adjacent to the tibial components of the knees that had been prepared with lavage that was not high-volume and high-pressure and that had been prepared with finger-packing of cement (Group 1). This may partially explain the clinical problem of loosening of tibial components despite acceptable alignment. This study demonstrates that proper preparation of the cancellous bone and pressurization of the cement reduce the initial occurrence of a radiolucent line, which may have a positive effect on the ultimate failure of at least the tibial component.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Cemented total hip arthroplasty with Boneloc bone cement.

Boneloc cement (WK-345, Biomet Inc, Warsaw, Ind) attempted to improve cement characteristics by reducing exotherm during polymerization, lowering residual monomer and solubility, raising molecular weight, and lowering airborne monomer and aromatic amines. To study the efficacy of this cement, a selected group of 20 patients were prospectively enrolled and followed up after hip arthroplasty. All components were cemented. During the enrollment period, approximately 70 other hip arthroplasties were performed. Clinical evaluation was based on the Harris hip score. Radiographic evaluation was based on assessment of position of the components, subsidence, and/or presence of radiolucencies. Patients had follow-up for an average of 42 months (11 to 58 months); 1 was lost to follow-up. Of these, 7 (35%) had failure at last follow-up. Despite its initial promise, Boneloc cement had an unacceptably high failure rate over a relatively short follow-up period and is not recommended for use. Despite the longevity and odor toxicity problems with conventional bone cement, new cement technologies must be approached with caution.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The femoral cement compactor. An improvement in cementing technique in total hip replacement.

Aseptic loosening is the most common cause of femoral component failure in total hip arthroplasty. Even with new cementing techniques, bone-cement pressurization is low in the most proximal area of the femoral canal. To correct this problem, we devised the femoral cement compactor. This device increased the pressurization of bone cement in the proximal area of the femur by 71 per cent and increased the duration of the pressurization fourfold as compared with the results achieved by finger-packing methods. Pressurization of the cement was also increased in the middle and distal areas of the proximal portion of the femoral canal. These findings suggest that using the femoral cement compactor may contribute to improved cement fixation of the femoral component during total hip replacement.

Bone Cements↗
PubMed1980

[Study on the setting reaction of the zinc phosphate dental cement (2). The setting reaction of cement substituted magnesia clinker for zinc oxide (author's transl)].

In previous paper it has been reported by author that setting of the zinc phosphate cement is due to precipitation of amorphous aluminium phosphate rather than zinc phosphate. If such the setting reaction on the zinc phosphate cement is right, there is no necessity that cement powder is zinc oxide clinker. In this paper magnesia clinker is substituted for zinc oxide, and the reaction products of set cement are examined by the same methods as having shown in previous paper. When commercial cement liquid is used for mixing with magnesia clinker, the reaction products become amorphous for effects of Al3+ in liquid. These are the same amorphous reaction products as precipitating in set zinc phosphate cement. From result in previous and this paper, it has been made sure that setting reaction of zinc phosphate cement is due to precipitation of amorphous aluminium and zinc (in liquid) phosphate.

Aluminum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Temporary cement remnants as an adhesion inhibiting factor in the interface between resin cements and bovine dentin.

This study investigated the effect of temporary cement remnants on freshly prepared dentin in the adhesion of resin cements. The tensile bond strength of three types of resin cements to dentin were measured in a control group and after the application of two types of temporary cement. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy were used to confirm the presence of temporary cement remnants. Overall results suggest that temporary cement application significantly decreased the tensile bond strength in all adhesive systems (P = 0.0001, analysis of variance). Scanning electron micrographs presented granular elements on the dentin surfaces treated with temporary cement even after preconditioning. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy results showed the presence of zinc peaks in the specimens that was not present in the control.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1991

Microleakage of crowns cemented with glass ionomer cement: effects of preparation finish and conditioning with polyacrylic acid.

This study compared the marginal leakage of cast gold complete crowns cemented with glass ionomer and with zinc phosphate cement. The effect of polishing the preparations and conditioning with polyacrylic acid was also evaluated for glass ionomer cement. The cast gold crowns cemented with glass ionomer cement demonstrated significantly lower marginal leakage than did those with zinc phosphate cement. The extent of microleakage was not substantially different between crowns when the preparations were polished and conditioned with polyacrylic acid.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2004

Cemented fixation with PMMA or Bis-GMA resin hydroxyapatite cement: effect of implant surface roughness.

Implant surface roughness is an important parameter governing the overall mechanical properties at the implant-cement interface. This study investigated the influence of surface roughness using polymethylmethcrylate (PMMA) and a Bisphenol-a-glycidylmethacyrlate resin-hydroxyapatite cement (CAP). Mechanical fixation at the implant-cement interface was evaluated in vitro using static shear and fatigue loading with cobalt chrome alloy (CoCr) dowels with different surface roughness preparations. Increasing surface roughness improved the mechanical properties at the implant-cement interface for both types of cement. CAP cement fixation was superior to PMMA under static and dynamic loading.

Alloys↗
PubMed1981

Fluoride release from a fluoride-containing amalgam, a glass ionomer cement and a silicate cement in artificial saliva.

This study aimed to compare the fluoride release from a fluoride-containing amalgam, a silicate cement and a glass ionomer cement in artificial saliva. After storing specimens in an artificial saliva for 7 weeks, the fluoride content in the solvent was measured by a spectrophotometric method. The fluoride release from silicate cement was about 5 times greater than from glass ionomer cement, which again showed a release 4 times greater than the fluoride-containing amalgam. The fluoride release relative to fluoride content in test specimens was greater from fluoride-containing amalgam and silicate cement than from glass ionomer cement.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1993

Resistance to vertical fracture of roots, previously fractured and bonded with glass ionomer cement, composite resin and cyanoacrylate cement.

A recently developed glass ionomer bone cement (Ionos) may be suitable for bonding vertically fractured teeth, but the resulting resistance to repeated fracture of the bonded teeth is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess in vitro the resistance to repeated fracture of roots which were previously fractured and bonded with Ionos cement and other bonding agents. Thirty-six roots were separated at the cervix and grooved on the coronal surface. Each root was mounted in an Instron machine and a vertical force was exerted until fracture occurred. Both the force required to fracture the root (F) and the root surface area (A) were recorded, and the root halves were bonded with one of the following materials: Ionos bone cement without dentin etching, Permabond 910 cyanoacrylate adhesive, and Gluma bonding system. The bonded roots were maintained in a wet sponge. One week later the roots were re-fractured in the Instron machine, and the forces were recorded (RF). Each one of F, RF, A, and the ratios RF/F and RF/A were compared statistically among the three experimental groups. Overall, RF was at the most 20% of F. Statistically significant differences were obtained only in RF, RF/F, and RF/A (p < 0.0003). Roots bonded with Ionos cement demonstrated significantly lower values than roots bonded with Permabond and Gluma, both of which did not differ significantly. It was concluded that roots bonded with Ionos cement were the least resistant to re-fracture, due to a lesser bonding strength of Ionos bone cement as compared with Permabond and Gluma.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2006

Effect of dentin adhesives used as sealers and provisional cementation on bond strength of a resin cement to dentin.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of dentin adhesives employed as resin sealers and provisional cementation on the bond strengths of a resin cement to dentin. METHODS: A two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (Excite DSC--Group 1) and two-step self-etch adhesive (AdheSE--Group 2) were applied to exposed dentin surfaces prepared from human molars (N=4). Water was used instead of a resin sealer in control Groups 3 and 4. A eugenol-free provisional cement (except for Group 4) was applied to the treated surfaces. After storing in distilled water for 1 week, the provisional cement was removed and cylindrical composite blocks were luted with a resin cement (Variolink II). 0.9 x 0.9 mm sticks were produced from these luted specimens for microtensile bond testing and SEM examination. RESULTS: One-way ANOVA revealed that neither the resin sealer nor the temporary eugenol-free cement had a negative effect on the final bond strength (P> 0.05). Mixed failures were predominantly identified from SEM.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1991

Exposure to cement dust at a Portland cement factory and the risk of cancer.

The relation between exposure to cement dust and cancer was examined in a population of 546 cement workers and a reference population of 858 randomly sampled men of similar age and area of residence. In 1974 all men gave lifelong occupational and smoking histories; information on incidence of cancer in the period 1974-85 was obtained from the Danish Cancer Registry. No increased risk of overall cancer was found among cement workers. Among men with more than 20 years exposure to cement dust, 14 cases of respiratory cancer were observed (observed/expected (O/E) 1.52, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.90-2.57) when compared with all Danish men. Men with 1-20 years exposure had O/E 1.14 (95% CI 0.59-2.19) based on nine cases of cancer. After excluding all men with documented exposure to asbestos during employment in an asbestos cement factory no increased risk of overall cancer or respiratory cancer was found among cement workers compared with white collar workers from the local reference population, using a Cox regression model controlling for age and smoking habits. Relative risks were 0.5 (95% CI 0.1-1.5) and 1.0 (95% CI 0.4-2.6) for men with 1-20 and more than 20 years of exposure to cement dust respectively compared with white collar workers.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Radiopacity of posterior composite resins, composite resin luting cements, and glass ionomer lining cements.

The radiopacities of seven posterior composite resins, seven composite resin luting cements, and six glass ionomer lining cements were studied. The purpose was to obtain an indication of radiopacity values of different brands within each of these three groups of materials and to show differences in radiopacities of composite resin inlay materials and their accompanying luting cements. On radiographs, the optical densities of standardized samples were determined and radiopacity values of the materials were expressed in millimeter equivalent aluminum. The composite resins observed displayed higher radiopacities than aluminum. A luting cement and a glass ionomer cement were shown to be less radiopaque than aluminum. Generally the radiopacity of composite resins appeared to be higher than their accompanying luting cements. If materials with substantial differences in radiopacity are used in combined applications for the restorative treatment of teeth, lower radiopacity can interfere with the diagnosis of caries and the detection of gaps near the restoration.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed2002

Finite element and experimental models of cemented hip joint reconstructions can produce similar bone and cement strains in pre-clinical tests.

Finite element (FE) models could be used for pre-clinical testing of cemented hip replacement implants against the damage accumulation failure scenario. To accurately predict mechanical failure, the models should accurately predict stresses and strains. This should be the case for various implants. In the current study, two FE models of composite hip reconstructions with two different implants were validated relative to experimental bone and cement strains. The objective was an overall agreement within 10% between experimental and FE strains. Two stem types with different clinical results were analyzed: the Lubinus SPII and the Mueller Curved with loosening rates of 4% and 16% after 10 yr, respectively (Prognosis of total hip replacement. 63rd Annual Meeting of the American Academy of orthopaedic surgeons, Atlanta, USA). For both implant types, six stems were implanted in composite femurs. All specimens were subjected to bending. The Mueller Curved specimens were additionally subjected to torsion. Bone strains were recorded at 10 locations on the cortex and cement strains at three locations within the cement mantle. An FE model was built for both stem types and the experiments were simulated. Bone and cement strains were calculated at the experimental gauge locations. Most FE bone strains corresponded to the mean experimental strains within two standard deviations; most FE cement strains within one standard deviation. Linear regression between the FE and mean experimental strains produced slopes between 0.82 and 1.03, and R(2) values above 0.98. Particularly for the Mueller Curved, agreement improved considerably when FE strains were compared to the strains from the experimental specimen used to build the FE model. The objective of overall agreement within 10% was achieved, indicating that both FE models were successfully validated. This prerequisite for accurately predicting long-term failure has been satisfied.

Bone Cements↗
PubMed1998

Is it necessary to cement the tibial stem in cemented total knee arthroplasty?

An in vitro study was performed using a singular unibody design CoCr tibial baseplate with fins to test the hypothesis that the addition of cement surrounding the tibial stem decreases micromotion of the tibial tray in cemented total knee arthroplasty. Five configurations were tested. Significant micromotion occurred with a cementless stem and a 1 mm cement mantle under the tibial tray. However, if the cement mantle beneath the tibial baseplate was increased to 3 mm, excellent stability of the implant was seen regardless of whether the tibial stem was left uncemented. In this particular component design, implant stability was enhanced with the addition of cement surrounding the tibial stem unless the cement mantle beneath the tibial tray was increased to 3 mm.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee↗
PubMed2004

Influence of ultrasound, with and without water spray cooling, on removal of posts cemented with resin or zinc phosphate cements.

The efficacy of ultrasound, with and without water spray, was evaluated in vitro on the amount of force necessary to dislodge posts cemented with resin or zinc phosphate. Forty-two samples were divided into six groups: groups 1, 2, and 3, posts cemented with zinc phosphate; groups 4, 5, and 6, posts cemented with resin (Panavia F); groups 1 and 4 (controls), no ultrasound; groups 2 and 5, ultrasound without water spray; and groups 3 and 6, ultrasound with water spray. The Instron testing machine was used. Ultrasound without water spray significantly reduced (71%) the force necessary to displace posts cemented with Panavia F (p < 0.01); however, this value was similar to the efficacy of ultrasound with water spray for posts cemented with zinc phosphate (reduction of 75%). We conclude that cooling with ultrasound interferes with the force necessary for post removal, depending on the type of cement used.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cement failure loads of 4 provisional luting agents used for the cementation of implant-supported fixed partial dentures.

The major disadvantage of cement-retained implant-supported fixed partial dentures (FPDs) is difficulty in retrievability. The retentive strengths of the provisional luting agents usually employed in these cases are therefore an important consideration. This study evaluated the cement failure loads of 4 provisional luting agents used for the cementation of FPDs supported by 2 implants or 4 implants. Nogenol luting agent exhibited the lowest retentive values in both types of FPD. ImProv proved to be the most retentive cement of all tested. Temp Bond NE and Temp Bond presented significantly different values (P < .05) for the 2-implant FPD, but not for the 4-implant model. On the basis of the study results, it may be concluded that Nogenol appears to be more appropriate for cementation of both 2- and 4-implant-supported FPDs when removal of the provisionally cemented superstructure is anticipated.

Analysis of Variance↗