Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Bethanidine”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effect of treatment of hypertension in the primary preventive trial, Göteborg, Sweden.

1 A treatment group comprising 635 hypertensive men (casual SBP greater than 175 or DBP greater than 115 twice) was compared with a reference group (n = 391 men; casual SBP greater than 175 or DBP greater than 115 only at screening). All men belonged to the same population sample of 7,455 men aged 47-54 yr. 2 The two groups did not differ with respect to age, smoking habits or cholesterol values, but screening BPs were higher in the treatment group. 3 During 4.3 years' follow-up there was a significantly lower total death rate in the treatment group compared with reference group. 4 There was also a strong tendency towards lower incidence of non-fatal myocardial infarction (P = 0.06). The pooled incidence of non-fatal myocardial infarction and fatal CHD was lower in the treatment group than in the reference group (P less than 0.03).

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1981

Relationship of psychological factors to failure of antihypertensive drug treatment.

Personality traits and pretreatment symptoms of 69 hypertensive patients were documented with self-administered questionnaires. Thirteen patients (19%) dropped out during 12 months of treatment. Five of these were lost from follow up and eight failed to tolerate their allotted medication. In this series treatment failure did not seem dependent on the type of drug used, but was linked with a high suspiciousness level and a high pretreatment symptom score. Both measures varied independently of one another and a select group of 10 patients who scored highly on both, had a failure rate of 60%. Our results suggest that hypertensives with an increased predisposition to drug treatment failure can be identified at the pretreatment stage. Recognition of such individuals should assist in their routine clinical management and in the design of antihypertensive drug trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Central alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors modifying arterial blood pressure and heart rate in conscious cats.

1 In conscious unrestrained cats noradrenaline, alpha-methylnoradrenaline and clonidine, infused into the lateral cerebral ventricles (i.c.v.) caused dose-related falls in blood pressure and heart rate; both effects were abolished after i.c.v. phentolamine.2 In 12 out of 20 cats, i.c.v. isoprenaline and salbutamol when given caused dose-related pressor responses and tachycardias. These effects were abolished after i.c.v. beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs but were unaffected by alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agents.3 In 5 out of 20 cats, i.c.v. isoprenaline regularly produced dose-related falls in blood pressure with associated tachycardias; both effects were abolished after i.c.v. beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents.4 Intracerebroventricular dopamine produced cardiovascular responses which were qualitatively similar to those produced by i.c.v. isoprenaline.5 Intracerebroventricular adrenaline produced complex responses in untreated animals but typical alpha-effects were obtained after prior i.c.v. treatment with a beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent and typical beta-effects after i.c.v. pretreatment with an alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agent.6 The cardiovascular changes produced by i.c.v. beta-adrenoceptor agonists were abolished after systemic administration of hexamethonium or bethanidine.7 The results are discussed in the light of the mode of action of beta-adrenoceptor stimulants and beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents in the treatment of hypertension.

Albuterol↗
PubMed1983

The ventricular endocardial paced evoked response.

The endocardial ventricular evoked response which follows delivery of a unipolar stimulus down the sensing electrode is remarkably uniform, and is of slightly longer duration at the base than at the apex of the heart. As the same lead is used for both pacing and sensing, it is possible to record the evoked T wave representing dominantly local repolarization which follows a pacing-induced depolarization from the same site. Studies of the pacing evoked response following administration of drugs with class 3 mode of action are similar to those obtained by monophasic action potential recordings, and suggest that myocardial repolarization can be accurately assessed by this technique. The stimulus to evoked T wave timing has been used to design a pacing system which offers the advantage of physiological control of pacing rate, independent of atrial activity, using a conventional endocardial electrode lead system. The potential advantages of this system are reviewed.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1976

Effects of methyldopa on prolactin and growth hormone.

The effects of administration of methyldopa on serum prolactin and growth hormone (GH) concentrations in hypertensive patients were studied. Single doses of methyldopa (750 or 1000 mg) significantly increased serum prolactin levels, peak concentrations occurring four to six hours after drug administrations. Long-term methyldopa treatment was associated with threefold to fourfold increases in basal prolactin levels compared with those in normal subjects. In patients treated with methyldopa for two to three weeks the GH response to insulin hypoglycaemia was significantly greater than in normal subjects and untreated hypertensive patients. In contrast, patients treated for prolonged periods (mean 13-4 months) had a GH reponse indistinguishable from normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Life threatening ventricular tachycardias in late survivors of surgically corrected tetralogy of Fallot.

Electrophysiological tests were performed in three patients with surgically corrected tetralogy of Fallot (mean age at evaluation 25 years, mean age at surgical correction 4 years) who had had either a cardiac arrest or transient neurological disturbances (presyncope, syncope) associated with ventricular arrhythmias. All three patients had an excellent haemodynamic result from surgery as judged by echocardiography and cardiac catheterisation. Ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring and stress exercise testing were normal in two patients and showed complex ventricular ectopy in one. During invasive electrophysiological evaluation all three patients had inducible ventricular tachycardia (monomorphic QRS in two patients, cycle lengths 230 and 240 ms; polymorphic QRS in one patient, mean cycle length 200 ms) with adverse haemodynamic effects in all three patients. These findings suggest that rapid ventricular tachycardia with detrimental haemodynamic consequences, similar to that induced during laboratory study, was the basis for the presenting symptoms in each patient. This possibility was confirmed in one patient who had identical QRS morphology during both spontaneous ventricular tachycardia and that induced during the laboratory study. Thus sudden death or symptoms of syncope postoperatively in patients with surgically corrected tetralogy of Fallot appear to be due to rapid ventricular tachycardia, which may occur despite an apparently excellent surgical result.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Muscarinic-receptor functioning in tracheas from normal and ovalbumin-sensitive guinea pigs.

Responses to bilateral vagal nerve stimulation, to field stimulation, and to exogenous methacholine and histamine were compared in tracheas isolated from (a) saline injected (i.p.) and saline-aerosol exposed guinea pigs (control), (b) ovalbumin-sensitized and saline-aerosol exposed (sensitized) guinea pigs, and (c) ovalbumin-sensitized and 2% ovalbumin-aerosol exposed (challenged) guinea pigs. Tracheal pressor responses (cmH2O; 1 cmH2O = 98.1 Pa) to nerve and field stimulation, and maximal responses to methacholine and histamine were significantly increased in animals from group c compared with groups a and b. Dose-response lines in response to the two agonists, expressed as percent maximal contraction, did not differ among the groups. The M1 antagonist pirenzepine (0.1-10 nM) selectively reduced responses to nerve stimulation in all three groups. The M2 antagonist gallamine potentiated responses to nerve or field stimulation in all three groups. We conclude that M1, M2, and M3 muscarinic receptor functioning is similar in control and ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs. Changes in post-receptor transduction mechanisms may mediate the increased responsiveness noted in animals from group c.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1985

Antiarrhythmic drug therapy. Recent advances and current status.

A number of conventional and newer antiarrhythmic agents are available for the treatment and prophylaxis of ventricular tachycardia and sudden death. Using a multifaceted approach of programmed electrical stimulation studies, drug level determinations, exercise tolerance testing, and 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring, the physician can identify those patients who require therapy and then predict the likelihood of efficacy with each antiarrhythmic agent. This approach affords evaluation of both aspects of the sudden death equation-ectopy frequency (triggering mechanism) and vulnerability to development of sustained ventricular tachycardia (substrate). After institution of therapy, careful follow-up is necessary to document sustained drug efficacy and detect side effects. Serious adverse reactions necessitate a change in antiarrhythmic therapy, as opposed to lowering drug dosage to an ineffective level. The unacceptably high incidence of sudden death due to electrical instability can be reversed only by a rigorous and dedicated long-term approach to the management of serious ventricular arrhythmias.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1975

Detection, treatment and follow-up of hypertension in a community sample of 55-year-old men.

In connection with a population study including 703 randomly selected 55-year-old men, 20 men with the highest blood pressure were selected for a careful follow-up and treatment for 1 year. Controls without hypertension were randomly selected from the remainder of the same population. Electrocardiogram at rest and in connection with an exercise test, changes in fundus oculi, orthostatic tests, peripheral arterial blood flow, chemical analyses and other variables were recorded on three occasions during the observation year. Drug treatment was standardized. Basic treatment was induced with polythiazide, which normalized the blood pressure in the majority of the hypertensive cases. The most striking findings in the hypertensive group before treatment were, besides the high blood pressure at rest, high blood pressure during exercise, an increased peripheral blood-flow through the calves, and an increased heart rate. During treatment, the blood pressure were selected for a careful follow-up and blood-flow were almost "normalized"; the heart-rate remained elevated. The investigation shows that it is quite easy to achieve adequate reduction of blood pressure in hypertension among middle-aged men, as found in the "real world" outside the hospital. The main problem today is not to normalize the blood pressure but rather to detect hypertension and to maintain the therapy for several years. Hypertension is considered to be the cardiovascular risk factor that is probably most amenable to preventive approaches to public health.

Anthropometry↗