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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Poly(aspartic acid)-dependent fusion of liposomes bearing the quaternary ammonium detergent [[[(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)cresoxy]ethoxy]ethyl] dimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide.

Addition of the quaternary ammonium detergent [[[(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)cresoxy]ethoxy]ethyl] dimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide (DEBDA[OH]) and the fluorescent probes N-(7-nitro-2-1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)phosphatidylethanolamine and N-(lissamine rhodamine B sulfonyl)phosphatidylethanolamine (N-NBD-PE and N-Rh-PE, respectively) to liposomes composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cholesterol (chol) resulted in the formation of fluorescently labeled liposomes bearing DEBDA[OH]. Incubation of the anionic polymer poly(aspartic acid) (PASP) with such liposomes resulted in strong agglutination, indicating an association between the negatively charged PASP and the positively charged liposome-associated DEBDA[OH]. Addition of PASP to a mixture of fluorescently labeled and nonlabeled liposomes, both carrying DEBDA[OH], resulted in a significant increase in the extent of fluorescence, namely, fluorescence dequenching. The degree of the fluorescence dequenching was dependent upon the ratio between the nonfluorescent and the fluorescent liposomes, upon the temperature of incubation, and upon the amount of DEBDA[OH] which was associated with the liposomes. Electron microscopic observations revealed that large liposomes were formed upon incubation of liposomes bearing DEBDA[OH] with PASP. The results of the present work strongly indicate that the fluorescence dequenching observed is due to a process of PASP-induced liposome-liposome fusion.

Benzethonium↗
PubMed2004

New strategy for the construction of a monotetrahydrofuran ring in Annonaceous acetogenin based on a ruthenium ring-closing metathesis: application to the synthesis of Solamin.

An original convergent total synthesis of Solamin (type A annonaceous acetogenin) was achieved. The central THF core was obtained by means of a ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reaction using a ruthenium imidazolylidene complex. The RCM substrate was prepared from a vinyl-substituted epoxide by reaction with an allyl alcohol, both synthesized from propargylic alcohol. The flexibility of the strategy should be useful in preparing various natural and unnatural annonaceous acetogenins.

Acetogenins↗
PubMed2004

Total synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of cis-solamin isomers.

An efficient total synthesis of cis-solamin (1) has been achieved in 21% overall yield and with a longest linear sequence of just 11 steps from aldehyde 8. A key feature of the approach was the use of asymmetric permanganate-promoted oxidative cyclization to introduce four of the five required stereocenters in a single step. The use of robust and chemoselective methodology meant that the use of protecting groups could be avoided during the assembly of cis-solamin (1) from the three fragments 23, 6, and 4. The methodology was also applied to the synthesis of three further cis-solamin isomers 2, ent-1, and ent-2. Cytotoxicity and hemolytic properties of cis-solamin isomers and synthetic intermediates are reported.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Total synthesis of cis-solamin.

[structure: see text] A convergent total synthesis of cis-solamin and its diastereomer was accomplished using VO(acac)2-catalyzed diastereoselective epoxidation followed by cyclization of bis-homoallylic alcohol as the key step. By comparison of the optical rotation of two possible diastereomers, it is suggested that the absolute configuration of natural cis-solamin is 1a.

Annonaceae↗
PubMed2002

Synthesis of cis-solamin using a permanganate-mediated oxidative cyclization.

[reaction: see text] cis-Solamin (1) and its diastereoisomer 14 have been synthesized in 13 steps using the diastereoselective permanganate-promoted oxidative cyclization of 1,5-dienes to create the tetrahydrofuran diol core. Notably, no protecting groups are required during the stages of fragment assembly.

Benzethonium↗
PubMed2006

Natural cis-solamin is a mixture of two tetra-epimeric diastereoisomers: biosynthetic implications for Annonaceous acetogenins.

The anti-tumour natural product cis-solamin has been shown to occur as a mixture two of tetra-epimeric diastereoisomers 1A and 1B, whereas solamin (6) was isolated as a single diastereoisomer; the biosyntheses of 1A/B and 6 are likely to involve enzyme-mediated cyclohydrations of the bis-epoxide acetogenins anti-diepomuricanin A2 and syn-diepomuricanin A1 respectively, where addition of water occurs regioselectively at either C15 or C20.

Acetogenins↗
PubMed1991

Leishmania major: resistance of promastigotes to paromomycin, and susceptibility of amastigotes to paromomycin-methylbenzethonium chloride ointment.

Cutaneous lesions caused by Leishmania major in BALB/c mice were cured completely when treated topically with an ointment comprising 15% paromomycin sulphate and 1-2% methylbenzethonium chloride ointment in soft white paraffin twice daily for 10 days. No parasites were detected in tissue smears or in cultures from treated cutaneous lesions. Re-developing lesions, considered to be resulting from the migration of parasites from internal organs, showed almost the same response to topical treatment. Promastigotes of the virulent clone 121 of L. major LRC-L137 which were exposed to 100 micrograms ml-1 of paromomycin in RPMI medium at 28 degrees C developed resistance to the drug over 10 passages of exposure. Enzyme analysis of susceptible and resistant promastigotes of this clone showed no differences with regard to their profiles based on 11 enzymes.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1998

Topical paromomycin/methylbenzethonium chloride plus parenteral meglumine antimonate as treatment for American cutaneous leishmaniasis: controlled study.

We determined the efficacy of the combination of the topical formulation 15% paromomycin sulfate/12% methylbenzethonium chloride (MBCL) and a short course (7 days) of parenteral meglumine antimonate (pentavalent antimony [Sb]) as treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombian patients. Patients were randomly assigned in unequal allocation (2:1:1:1) to group 1 (topical paromomycin/MBCL plus injectable Sb for 7 days), group 2 (topical placebo plus injectable Sb for 7 days), group 3 (topical paromomycin/MBCL plus injectable Sb for 3 days), and group 4 (injectable Sb for 20 days). Cure was defined as complete reepithelialization of all lesions without relapse. Cure rates among groups were as follows: 58% (34 of 59), group 1; 53% (16 of 30), group 2; 20% (6 of 30), group 3; and 84% (26 of 31), group 4. Seventy-one percent of the organisms identified to the species level were Leishmania braziliensis panamensis. We conclude that 10 days of therapy with paromomycin/MBCL does not augment the response of cutaneous leishmaniasis (predominately due to L. braziliensis panamensis) to a short course of treatment with meglumine antimonate.

Antiprotozoal Agents↗
PubMed1995

Successful treatment of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis with a combination of topical paromomycin/methylbenzethonium chloride and injectable meglumine antimonate.

Colombian patients with New World cutaneous leishmaniasis were treated with a combination of a topical formulation (15% paromomycin sulfate/5% methylbenzethonium chloride, twice a day) and parenteral meglumine antimonate (20 mg of antimony [Sb]/kg.d]). Cohort 1 received topical therapy for 10 days and Sb for 7 days; 18 (90%) of the 20 patients were cured (follow-up, 12 months). Other clinical data suggested that neither the topical formulation alone nor the 7-day regimen of Sb alone would have cured many patients. In a subsequent cohort, which received topical therapy for 10 days and Sb for 3 days, the cure rate was 42% (eight of 19 patients). In Colombian cohorts (historical controls) treated with Sb alone for 10-15 days, the cure rate was 31%-36%. Side effects in cohort 1 patients consisted of local reactions to the topical formulation: burning and pruritus in 25% of patients and vesicle formation in 15% of patients. This is the first report that a regimen partially composed of topical antimicrobial agents can be highly effective for treatment of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2005

The effect on shear bond strength of different antimicrobial agents after acid etching.

The aim of the present study was to determine whether the application of different primers containing antibacterial agents (Micro Prime, Seal&Protect, and Gluma Desensitizer) can affect the shear bond strength (SBS) of an orthodontic resin composite. Seventy-two crowns of extracted lower human incisors were mounted in acrylic resin leaving the buccal surface of the crowns parallel to the base of the moulds. The teeth were randomly distributed into three experimental and one control group, each containing 18 teeth. In each experimental group, the primers were applied to the etched enamel surfaces. In the control group, no antibacterial primer was used. An orthodontic composite resin was applied to the surface into cylindrical-shaped plastic matrices after application of an orthodontic adhesive primer (Transbond XT). For shear bond testing, a stubby-shaped force transducer apparatus (Ultradent) was applied at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute to each specimen at the interface between the tooth and the composite until failure occurred. A Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA and a Mann-Whitney U-test with a Bonferroni adjustment were used for statistical analysis. There was no significant difference between Seal&Protect (27.98 +/- 8.73 MPa) and the control (35.15 +/- 7.85 MPa) (P > 0.05). However, Gluma (21.61 +/- 7.96 MPa) and Micro Prime (14.89 +/- 5.55 MPa) caused a decrease in bond strength (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between Seal&Protect and Gluma (P > 0.05). As triclosan containing Seal&Protect did not cause a significant decrease in bond strength, it can potentially be used under an orthodontic resin composite to obtain an antibacterial effect. However, further in vivo studies are required.

Acid Etching, Dental↗