Acute appendicitis in Japanese soldiers in Burma: support for the "fibre" theory.
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One hundred and thirty nine patients suffering from encephalomeningocoele and myelomeningocoele who had attended the neurosurgical outpatients department of the Rangoon People's Hospital were interviewed. A predominance of frontal encephalomeningocoele was found; a low proportion of these patients had been conceived in the cold season and an increased interval separated the index patients from the previous full term pregnancy of their mothers; no first degree relatives were affected. It is suggested that an environmental factor is implicated in the developmental aetiology.
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A Burmese family with congenital hypertrichosis lanuginosa had an eventful history in the nineteenth century. The earlier members of this family were employed at the court of Ava, but the later ones spent their lives in show business, being widely exhibited for money in the 1880s. Their extraordinary hairiness attracted much curiosity, and they were photographed several times. The hairy Burmese are the only example of a four-generation pedigree of congenital hypertrichosis lanuginosa, which is consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. There is good evidence that, when the members of this family were hairy, their dentition was also deficient.
Civil war and ethnic conflict are two of the intractable problems facing the world today, and they are followed by refugees and displaced people almost as inevitably as night follows day. This article looks at what has been achieved by two British ophthalmologists working with the local people in just one of these situations.
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We conducted Myanmar-Japan cooperation studies on hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus markers in patients with thalassemias and those with liver diseases. Among the 102 patients with liver diseases, 92% had a history of hepatitis B virus infection (antibody to hepatitis B core antigen positive), 35% were hepatitis B surface antigen positive, 39% were positive for anti-HCV. Among 28 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 46% had hepatitis B surface antigen, 21.4% had antibody to hepatitis C virus, and 7% were positive for both hepatitis B surface antigen and anti hepatitis C virus. The history of HCV infection among blood recipients at the Haematology Department of the Yangon General Hospital and at the Yangon Children's Hospital was found to be 55.5% and 46.7%, respectively, which is comparable to the history of hepatitis B infection (66.7% and 46.7%, respectively). This preliminary survey also encountered 2 cases positive for anti-HCV among 34 voluntary blood donors. This survey is the first one to report that hepatitis C is at the epidemic stage in Myanmar. As there is no effective treatment for hepatitis C in this country, a screening program for blood used in transfusion should be started immediately.
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