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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Home blood pressure measurement and ambulatory blood pressure measurement versus office blood pressure measurement].

PURPOSE: To compare both home blood pressure measurement (HBPM) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) with office blood pressure measurement (OBP); and also to compare the correlation between HBPM and OBP with LVMI (left ventricular mass index). METHODS: Protocol 1--68 hypertensive patients (58 +/- 12 years, 37 females): a) self recorded blood pressure at home in the 7 days; b) recorded the ABPM during 24 hours; and c) the physician recorded blood pressure in the office. Protocol 2-41 hypertensive patients underwent the HBPM, OBP, and BI-dimensional echocardiogram. RESULTS: Protocol 1--OBP (153 +/- 24/96 +/- 13 mmHg) was higher (p < 0.05) than HBPM (133 +/- 18/84 +/- 12 mmHg) and ABPM (137 +/- 17/87 +/- 12 mmHg); Protocol 2--LVMI correlated better with HBPM (r = 0.39/0.49, p < 0.05, systolic and diastolic, respectively) than OBP (r = 0.02/ 0.22, p > 0.05, systolic and diastolic, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study showed that HBPM has a better correlation with LVMI than OBP.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

"Guidance for industry: current good manufacturing practice for blood and blood components: (1). Quarantine and disposition of units from prior collections from donors with repeatedly reactive screening test for antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV); (2). Supplemental testing, and the notification of consignees and blood recipients of donor test results for anti-HCV;" availability--FDA. Notice.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing the availability of a guidance document (dated September 1998) entitled "Guidance for Industry: Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Blood and Blood Components: (1) Quarantine and Disposition of Units From Prior Collections From Donors With Repeatedly Reactive Screening Test for Antibody to Hepatitis C Virus (Anti-HCV); (2) Supplemental Testing, and the Notification of Consignees and Blood Recipients of Donor Test Results for Anti-HCV." The guidance document provides recommendations for donor screening and supplemental testing for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV), notification of consignees and quarantine of prior collections from a donor who later tests repeatedly reactive for antibody to HCV, notification of recipients of blood and blood components at increased risk for transmitting HCV.

Blood Banks↗
PubMed2002

[Peculiarities of blood pressure rhythms and blood pressure variability in adolescents with hypertension (in accordance with twenty-four monitoring of blood pressure)].

Registration of 24-hour blood pressure in adolescents with and without hypertension revealed active participation of sympathetic nervous system in genesis of juvenile hypertension. Hypertension in adolescents was mainly systolic, blood pressure elevation as a rule was accompanied by accelerated heart rate and increased pulse pressure. Episodes of blood pressure elevations occurred mostly during day time. Desynchronization of 24-hour rhythms due to excessive nocturnal blood pressure lowering was found to be typical for this age group. More than two thirds of adolescents with episodes of blood pressure elevation had also 'white coat hypertension'.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Influence of acupuncture on blood pressure, contents of NE, DA and 5-HT of SHR and the interrelation between blood pressure and whole blood viscosity].

Twenty spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) with systolic blood pressure (SBP) >or= 20 kPa were chosen and divided randomly into two groups (acupuncture group and control group). The former was acupunctured on bilateral Quchi (L1 11), Zusanli (ST 36). Another 46 immature SHRs which were about 7-week-old with SBP ranged from 16 kPa to 20 kPa were given 10% high molecular weight dextran (HMWD) or normal saline by intervention respectively. The results showed: 1. After three course of acupuncture, SHRs' SBP dropped remarkably from 25.493 +/- 0.73 kPa to 19.547 +/- 0.555 kPa (P < 0.01); 2. After three courses of acupuncture, NE and 5-HT contents in plasma were lowered (P < 0.05, < 0.01) and DA content in plasma was increased (P < 0.05) compared with that in the control group. 3. After three course of acupuncture, NE content in brainstem, hypothalamus, cerebral cortex increased (P < 0.005-0.01) and DA content in brainstem, cerebral cortex increased remarkably (P < 0.005-0.01) compared with that in the control group. 5-HT content in brainstem, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex increased obviously compared with that in the control group. 4. After 1 or 2 hours of intervention of 10% HMWD to immature SHR, the whole blood viscosity and blood pressure rise remarkably compared with normal saline group. The experiment implies that the mechanism of lowering the blood pressure of SHR by acupuncture lies in that it can adjust NE, DA and 5-HT contents in plasma and central nervous system to adjust the activity of sympathetic, reduce whole blood viscosity etc.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals: Part 1: blood pressure measurement in humans: a statement for professionals from the Subcommittee of Professional and Public Education of the American Heart Association Council on High Blood Pressure Research.

Accurate measurement of blood pressure is essential to classify individuals, to ascertain blood pressure-related risk, and to guide management. The auscultatory technique with a trained observer and mercury sphygmomanometer continues to be the method of choice for measurement in the office, using the first and fifth phases of the Korotkoff sounds, including in pregnant women. The use of mercury is declining, and alternatives are needed. Aneroid devices are suitable, but they require frequent calibration. Hybrid devices that use electronic transducers instead of mercury have promise. The oscillometric method can be used for office measurement, but only devices independently validated according to standard protocols should be used, and individual calibration is recommended. They have the advantage of being able to take multiple measurements. Proper training of observers, positioning of the patient, and selection of cuff size are all essential. It is increasingly recognized that office measurements correlate poorly with blood pressure measured in other settings, and that they can be supplemented by self-measured readings taken with validated devices at home. There is increasing evidence that home readings predict cardiovascular events and are particularly useful for monitoring the effects of treatment. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory monitoring gives a better prediction of risk than office measurements and is useful for diagnosing white-coat hypertension. There is increasing evidence that a failure of blood pressure to fall during the night may be associated with increased risk. In obese patients and children, the use of an appropriate cuff size is of paramount importance.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

General requirements for blood, blood components, and blood derivatives; donor notification. Final rule.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is amending the biologics regulations to require blood and plasma establishments to notify donors, including autologous donors, whenever the donor is deferred or determined not to be suitable for current or future donations of blood and blood components. A donor is deferred based on results of tests for communicable disease agents or determined not to be suitable for donation based on failure to satisfy suitability criteria. Blood and plasma establishments also are required to notify the referring physician of an autologous donor when the autologous donor is deferred based on tests for evidence of infection with a communicable disease agent(s). A standard operating procedure (SOP) and recordkeeping also are required. This final rule is intended to help protect public health and to promote consistency in the industry. Elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register, FDA is publishing a final rule on the requirements for testing human blood donors for evidence of infection due to communicable disease agents.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of energy restriction during late pregnancy on plasma insulin, blood glucose, blood urea and blood free amino acids in pregnant and suckling sheep].

The experiment was carried out in autumn using 27 Limousine ewes during pregnancy and lactation. Some blood essential and non-essential free amino acids increase during late pregnany. Blood glucose, blood urea and blood free threonine, valine and glycine increase after parturition. Reducing the energy supply of the ration during late pregnancy results in a decrease of plasma insulin and blood free tyrosine, phenylalanine and alanine.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1995

The effects of intraoperative autologous whole blood sequestration on the need for transfusion of allogenic blood and blood products in coronary bypass operations.

We investigated the effect of intraoperative autologous blood sequestration (IABS), an old blood conservation method, on transfusion requirements for homologous packed red blood cells (PRBC), platelets, and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) for patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. This non-randomized retrospective study involved 204 patients who underwent isolated primary coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In 140 patients (IABS Group), autologous heparinized whole blood was removed intraoperatively via aortic cannula before bypass and retransfused at the conclusion of extracorporeal circulation. In 64 control patients, no IABS was performed. Demographic characteristics and operative and perioperative variables for both groups were similar (p > 0.05). In 140 patients, the mean sequestered blood volume was 1430 ml (range = 700-2100 ml). The banked PRBC requirement during hospitalization was 1.91 units in the No IABS Group and 2.25 units for the IABS Group (p = 0.2957). The need for platelet transfusion was 3.06 units in the No IABS Group and 1.09 units in the IABS Group (p = 0.0003). In the No IABS Group, 1.31 units of FFP was transfused and in the IABS Group, 0.49 units was transfused (p = 0.0004). To identify possible confounding factors, we performed a multivariate Poisson regression analysis for the 22 patient variables by a forward stepwise procedure. Regression analysis indicated that IABS did not alter the need for PRBC transfusion (p = 0.6194) but adjusted differences did confirm that IABS was associated with decreased need for transfusion of platelets and FFP (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0002, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Transfusion, Autologous↗
PubMed1995

[A study of relation between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and blood stasis--the effect of acupuncture promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis].

In this article, the clinical 31 cases patients with Rheumatoid artritis (RA) were observed and animal experiments were carried out on RA model rats and the treatment of acupuncture with combination of the different points was adopted. It was found that most of the 31 cases of RA patients had the signs of bloods stasis and abnormal hemorheology, statistical analysis indicated that there were significant differents between RA patients and healthy person. Red and swelling in joints of four limbs, ear and tail, clubbed toes, abnormal hemorheology, high in blood platelet aggregation and so on were found in model rats of RA, statistically, sinificant differents also exist between model rats of RA and healthy rats. The above indesexes in patients and model rats of RA were significantly improved after acupuncture treatment, which suggested that (1) there be a close relation between RA and blood stasis. (2) acupuncture play a role of promoting blood circulation to remove blood statis. (3) examination of hemorheology may be one of standards that development of RA and curative effect.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed2002

The Blood Stocks Management Scheme, a partnership venture between the National Blood Service of England and North Wales and participating hospitals for maximizing blood supply chain management.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Blood Stocks Management Scheme (BSMS) has been established as a joint venture between the National Blood Service (NBS) in England and North Wales and participating hospitals to monitor the blood supply chain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Stock and wastage data are submitted to a web-based data-management system, facilitating continuous and complete red cell data collection and 'real time' data extraction. RESULTS: The data-management system enables peer review of performance in respect of stock holding levels and red cell wastage. CONCLUSIONS: The BSMS has developed an innovative web-based data-management system that enables data collection and benchmarking of practice, which should drive changes in stock management practice, therefore optimizing the use of donated blood.

Blood Banks↗
PubMed1980

Influence of age, sex and blood groups on 15 blood coagulation laboratory variables in a reference material composed of 80 blood donors.

15 blood coagulation and fibrinolysis variables were determined in 80 healthy blood donors. Males were shown to have significantly higher levels of factor VII and factor X, and in subjects with blood group O significantly lower levels of VIIIR:AG were observed. In individuals with blood group O a skewed distribution of VIIIR:AG suggested a mixed population of this antigenic determinant. No significant correlation (r less than 0.36) was found between age and any of the laboratory variables.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals: part 1: blood pressure measurement in humans: a statement for professionals from the Subcommittee of Professional and Public Education of the American Heart Association Council on High Blood Pressure Research.

Accurate measurement of blood pressure is essential to classify individuals, to ascertain blood pressure-related risk, and to guide management. The auscultatory technique with a trained observer and mercury sphygmomanometer continues to be the method of choice for measurement in the office, using the first and fifth phases of the Korotkoff sounds, including in pregnant women. The use of mercury is declining, and alternatives are needed. Aneroid devices are suitable, but they require frequent calibration. Hybrid devices that use electronic transducers instead of mercury have promise. The oscillometric method can be used for office measurement, but only devices independently validated according to standard protocols should be used, and individual calibration is recommended. They have the advantage of being able to take multiple measurements. Proper training of observers, positioning of the patient, and selection of cuff size are all essential. It is increasingly recognized that office measurements correlate poorly with blood pressure measured in other settings, and that they can be supplemented by self-measured readings taken with validated devices at home. There is increasing evidence that home readings predict cardiovascular events and are particularly useful for monitoring the effects of treatment. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory monitoring gives a better prediction of risk than office measurements and is useful for diagnosing white-coat hypertension. There is increasing evidence that a failure of blood pressure to fall during the night may be associated with increased risk. In obese patients and children, the use of an appropriate cuff size is of paramount importance.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebral blood flow is regulated by changes in blood pressure and in blood viscosity alike.

There is still considerable controversy regarding the influence of blood viscosity upon CBF. We have measured CBF with microspheres in 23 cats. Autoregulation was disturbed in the left caudate nucleus by microsurgical occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery. Induced hypertension or hypotension was used and i.v. mannitol (1 g/kg) administered. In all cats blood viscosity decreased an average of 16% at 15 minutes and, in 16 cats, increased 10% at 75 minutes post-mannitol. CBF in the right caudate was 79 +/- 6 ml/100g/min, in the left 38 +/- 6 (p less than 0.001). Only minor changes of CBF occurred in areas with presumed normal autoregulation, including the right caudate, in conjunction with pressure or viscosity changes. In the left caudate CBF decreased 21% with hypotension and 18% with higher viscosity, more than on the right (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.2, respectively). CBF increased in the left caudate 56% with hypertension and 47% with lower viscosity, again much more than on the right (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.01, respectively). In the other area which is (nearly) exclusively supplied by the middle cerebral artery of the cat, i.e., the ectosylvian cortex, results were similar to those in the caudate nucleus. These results show that viscosity changes must result in compensatory readjustments of vessel diameter, but that these adjustments do not occur where autoregulation to pressure changes is known to be defective. The adjustments to viscosity changes might be called blood viscosity autoregulation of CBF. We hypothesize that pressure autoregulation and blood viscosity autoregulation share the same mechanism.

Animals↗