Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Anesthesia, Rectal”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Cauda equina syndrome caused by primary and metastatic neoplasms.

Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is defined as the constellation of symptoms that includes low-back pain, sciatica, saddle anesthesia, decreased rectal tone and perineal reflexes, bowel and bladder dysfunction, and variable amounts of lower-extremity weakness. There are several causes of this syndrome including trauma, central disc protrusion, hemorrhage, and neoplastic invasion. In this manuscript the authors reviewed CES in the setting of both primary and secondary neoplasms. They examined the various primary tumor types in this region as well as those representative of metastatic spread. Both surgical and nonsurgical management in this setting were studied.

Chordoma↗
PubMed2004

Conus medullaris and cauda equina syndrome as a result of traumatic injuries: management principles.

Conus medullaris syndrome (CMS) and cauda equina syndrome (CES) are complex neurological disorders that can be manifested through a variety of symptoms. Patients may present with back pain, unilateral or bilateral leg pain, paresthesias and weakness, perineum or saddle anesthesia, and rectal and/or urinary incontinence or dysfunction. Although patients typically present with acute disc herniations, traumatic injuries at the thoracolumbar junction at the terminal portion of the spinal cord and cauda equina are also common. Unfortunately, a precise understanding of the pathophysiology and optimal treatments, including the best timing of surgery, has yet to be elucidated for either traumatic CES or CMS. In this paper the authors review the current literature on traumatic conus medullaris and cauda equina injuries and available treatment options.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Rectal administration of midazolam for conscious sedation of uncooperative children in need of dental treatment.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of rectal midazolam on uncooperative children. The trial included 120 children at the age of 16 months to 10 years and six months (X = 4.5 years). The children were referred because behavioural management techniques alone had failed. On 225 treatment occasions the children received midazolam, 0.3 mg/kg body weight rectally 10 mins before treatment. The degree of sedation was assessed by the dentists after 10, 15, 20, 45 and 60 minutes. 60% of the treatments were fulfilled without difficulty. 39.6% of the treatments could be performed with some difficulty and with the help of parents preventive holding. Only one mentally handicapped patient showed non-acceptance. No side effects were noted during the treatments. After 107 treatments the parents were asked about the total time their children seemed sedated. After two hours 86 children were still considered sedated but after three hours only four of them seemed effected by the drug. Midazolam has shown in this follow-up to be an effective and safe drug for premedication of infants in the stressed dental situation. The advantage to for example diazepam lies mainly in the shorter period of time of sedation.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMed2004

Quantification of mitral regurgitation using proximal isovelocity surface area method in dogs.

The present study was performed to determine the accuracy and reproducibility of calculating the mitral regurgitant orifice area with the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method in dogs with experimental mitral regurgitation and in canine patients with chronic mitral insufficiency and to evaluate the effect of general anesthesia on mitral regurgitation. Eight adult, Beagle dogs for experimental mitral regurgitation and 11 small breed dogs with spontaneous mitral regurgitation were used. In 8 Beagle dogs, mild mitral regurgitation was created by disrupting mitral chordae or leaflets. Effective regurgitant orifice (ERO) area was measured by the PISA method and compared with the measurements simultaneously obtained by quantitative Doppler echocardiography 4 weeks after creation of mitral regurgitation. The same procedure was performed in 11 patients with isolated mitral regurgitation and in 8 Beagle dogs under two different protocols of general anesthesia. ERO and regurgitant stroke volume (RSV) by the PISA method correlated well with values by the quantitative Doppler technique with a small error in experimental dogs (r = 0.914 and r = 0.839) and 11 patients (r = 0.990 and r = 0.996). The isoflurane anesthetic echocardiography demonstrated a significant decrease of RSV, and there was no significant change in fractional shortening (FS), ERO area, LV end-diastolic and LV end-systolic volume. ERO area showed increasing tendency after ketamine-xylazine administration, but not statistically significant. RSV, LV end-systolic and LV end-diastolic volume increased significantly (p < 0.01), whereas FS significantly decreased (p < 0.01). The PISA method is accurate and reproducible in experimental mitral regurgitation model and in a clinical setting. ERO area is considered and preferred as a hemodynamic-nondependent factor than other traditional measurements.

Anesthesia, Rectal↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of deciduous teeth under rectal Midazolam sedation].

Individual controlled sedation using Midazolam proves to be a valuable addition to the range of therapeutic options for non-cooperative children. In a clinical study the oral and rectal routes of administration were compared with each other. Rectal application allowed considerably better dose adjustment. While the quality of sedation and the therapeutic range were equal with both routes, rectal application had the advantage that treatment can be commenced sooner. The sedation was of shorter duration and left the patient with less unpleasant memories. Rectal application was easier and required a smaller amount of Midazolam than oral administration.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[The role of prostaglandin I2 in heart transplantation under deep hypothermia].

The role of Prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) on heart transplantation under deep hypothermia were investigated using 25 weighing an average of 5 kg. They were put to deep hypothermia by surface cooling with either anesthesia until rectal temperature reached 18 degrees C. Then the heart was arrested with cardioplegic solution, removed and re-transplanted. They were divided into 2 groups according to the usage of PGI2, i.e., non PGI2 group (n = 12) and PGI2-treated group (n = 13). In PGI2-treated group, PGI2 was administered intravenously 1 micrograms/kg/min during cooling and rewarming periods, and was added 500 ng/ml into cardioplegic solution. In the last 13 dogs (7 dogs in non PGI2 group and 6 dogs in PGI2 group) about which left ventricular functions were mainly examined, topical cooling of the myocardium was omitted. Results were as follows; compared with non PGI2 group, PGI2-treated group showed significantly higher cooling and rewarming rates, more rapid recovery of cardiac output after transplantation, and lower systemic vascular resistance throughout the experimental period. Left ventricular functions after resumption of heart beats were better in PGI2-treated group than in non PGI2 group. Microscopic examinations of the heart revealed that ischemic changes of myocardial cells were less prominent in PGI2-treated group than in non PGI2 group. It is concluded that PGI2 is useful additive for heart transplantation under deep hypothermia in that it could shorten operative time due to quicker control of the body temperature with rather stable haemodynamics and also it might protect myocardium during ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Oxygen partial pressure after rectal oxygen insufflation-- experimental animal studies].

An oxygen diffusion through the mucosa of the colon into the vessels of the submucous coat was provable after rectal insufflation of an oxygen-gas mixture by animal experimental investigations in rabbits. Significantly higher pO2 values in the blood of the mesocolon veins, the portal vein, in the arterial and venous mixed blood of the liver parenchyma, and in the arterial vessels of the mesocolon are measurable after rectal application of oxygen during a time of 40 minutes. The oxygen therapy after rectal oxygen insufflation is established by animal experiments.

Administration, Rectal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The therapeutic effectiveness of nitrous oxide and chloral hydrate administered orally, rectally, and combined with hydroxyzine for pediatric dentistry.

This study compared the effectiveness of three pediatric sedation modalities when they were used with nitrous oxide. Comparisons were based on a subjective evaluation of the overall quality of the sedation technique and data obtained from a pulse/oximeter. Oral administration of 50 mg/kg of chloral hydrate was the least effective modality.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chloral hydrate.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Administration, Oral↗