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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Abnormal viscoelastic behaviour of passive ankle joint movement in diabetic patients: an early or a late complication?

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The goal of the present study was to compare the range of motion and both the viscous and elastic components of passive ankle joint movement in short- and long-term diabetic patients with that of a control population. METHODS: Thirty-four diabetic patients and 16 control subjects entered into the study. Patients with a history of over 15 years of diabetes were considered as a long-term diabetic group. In order to quantify the passive ankle joint movement, a device was designed to measure the dorsi- and plantar-flexion angle and the net moment at the ankle. Elastic behaviour was examined as the separate slope of regression lines (stiffness) of plantar and dorsal components in the loading moment-angle curve. It was also examined as the slope of the regression line in the final 10% of each component. Hysteresis, a characteristic of viscoelastic materials that indicates loss of energy during unloading, was corrected for range of motion and used to examine viscous behaviour of the ankle joint. RESULTS: Total and plantar ranges of motion were significantly lower in long-term diabetic patients than in short-term diabetic and control groups (p < 0.05). Plantar-flexion stiffness was significantly lower in short-term diabetic patients than in control subjects and long-term diabetic groups (p < 0.05). Corrected hysteresis was significantly higher in long-term diabetic than in short-term diabetic and control (p < 0.05) groups in the dorsal range of motion. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This study shows that both decreased plantar and total ankle joint ranges of motion, and increased viscous component of passive ankle joint movement are among the late complications of diabetes.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1990

Anatomical and histologic investigation of the syndesmotic area in the ankle joint.

The syndesmotic area in the ankle joint is analyzed by reviewing the literature and by examining its gross anatomy and histology. Seventy-five ankles were dissected and examined, with an emphasis on the syndesmotic area. The gross anatomical results of this study differ somewhat with those of other authors. The average height, attachments, consistency, color, and shape are reported. In addition to gross examination, four ankles were examined histologically, and the findings are discussed. The results of this study define in detail the anatomy of the syndesmotic area.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnosis of ligament injuries of the ankle joint using exposures under pressure].

Pressure exerted against the ankle joint during lateral exposures shows a typical form of subluxation of the talus in respect of the tibia if there has been rupture of the anterior fibulo-talar ligament. This displacement can be quantified by using the standard technique of Seiler and Holzrichter. Retrospective evaluation of exposures carried out with pressure in 206 patients with stretching or rupture of the ligaments of the ankle joint have shown that stretching can be diagnosed if the joint space reaches 7 mm, and a rupture can be diagnosed with a joint space of 11 mm. If there is a difference of more than 5 mm in the joint space of the two joints, a rupture is present. With these criteria, 85% of all ligament injuries can be correctly diagnosed. In the remaining 15%, early arthrography provides the necessary information.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Value of special roentgen studies of lesions of external ligaments of the upper ankle joint].

The advantage of special radiological investigations after damage of the external tendon of the ankle joint is absolutely certain. Clinical findings, functional x-ray pictures, and for some cases arthrography of the ankle joint render the correct diagnosis. Merely functional x-ray pictures will not always be sufficient, although sometimes this has been pretended. Experiences are described and indications for arthrography are pointed out. Arthrography certainly is the most accurate method for investigations of lesions of the external tendon of the ankle joint. Nevertheless it should only be performed for special cases and after critical interpretation of the functional x-ray pictures, because it is a rather invasive method.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed1990

The effect of damage to the lateral collateral ligaments on the mechanical characteristics of the ankle joint--an in-vitro study.

Injuries to the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle joint are among the most frequently occurring injuries at the lower limb. The present study was conducted for the purpose of establishing the basis for the development of a quantitative diagnostic procedure for such injuries. To achieve this goal, the effect of four types of ligament injuries on the three-dimensional mechanical characteristics of the ankle were investigated. These types of injuries consisted of: 1) isolated tear of the anterior talofibular ligament; 2) isolated tear of the calcaneofibular ligament; 3) isolated tear of the posterior talofibular ligament; and 4) combined tear of both the anterior talofibular ligament and the calcaneofibular ligament. The experiments were conducted on 31 amputated lower limbs and consisted of comparing the three-dimensional load-displacement and flexibility characteristics of the ankle joint prior to and following sectioning of selected ligaments. The experimental and analytical procedures used to derive these characteristics was developed previously by the authors. From the results of this study it was concluded that the three-dimensional flexibility characteristics of the ankle joint are strongly influenced by damage to the lateral collateral ligaments. Furthermore, it was found that each type of ligament injury produced unique and identifiably changes in the flexibility characteristics of the ankle. These unique changes, which are described in detail in this paper, can be used to discriminate between the different types of ligament injuries. Consequently, it was concluded that it is feasible to develop a quantitative diagnostic procedure for ankle ligament injuries based on the effect of the injury on the flexibility characteristics of the ankle.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ankle joint complex mobility of children 7 to 14 years old.

The ranges of motions of the ankle have been studied only rarely in children. The authors examined the mobility of the ankle joint complex of 245 healthy children. The mean age was 10.2 years. In healthy children ages 7 to 14 years, the variation of the ankle joint complex range of motion was wide. The largest gender-related difference was recorded for passive plantarflexion, which was greater in girls. Other statistically significant gender differences do exist, but they are small and probably lack clinical meaning. Some of the children had remarkable left-right difference in the range of motions of the ankle joint complex. This means that the "healthy ankle" cannot necessarily be used in clinical practice as a reference when evaluating, for example, treatments of foot and ankle injuries in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Sports-induced epiphyseal injuries of the knee and ankle joint].

We report on the clinical and radiological follow-up results of 37 patients with epiphyseal injuries of the knee and ankle joint who were treated in our hospital between 1985 and 1990. Most of the ankle joint injuries were sustained during track and field, soccer and basketball, and most of the knee injuries during alpine skiing. The different mechanisms of injuries of the knee and ankle joint are discussed on the basis of our own results. The therapy considers the age of patient as well as localisation and type of the epiphyseal injury. In spite of this, growth disturbances occurred in 12.5% of the ankle joint and in 9.5% of the knee joint injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Technic and results of covered ankle joint arthrodesis with autocompression angle plates].

In 1973, Mittelmeier introduced a new technique of arthrodesis of the ankle joint by internal osteosynthesis using an autocompression plate with additional compression screwing of fibula to tibia and talus in order to avoid the disadvantages of previous operative methods of arthrodesis by bone splinting or external fixation (longer cast immobilisation, handicap by external fixator, danger of bone hole osteomyelitis a.o.). Regarding this new technique, the fibula works as a petiolated well vascular bone chip which bridges the joint. Representation of the special operative technique of covered autocompression arthrodesis of the upper ankle joint rsp. - in case of special indication - the combined arthrodesis of the upper and lower ankle joint. Representation of our casuistry of 43 patients who underwent this operation. With the exception of one case (osteomyelitis recidivation with following pseudarthrosis) a fast bony consolidation of the arthrodesis was achieved. In the meantime the osteosynthesis material is removed in 35 cases. One third of the patients gets along with conventional shoes.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A case of pure dislocation of the ankle joint.

Pure dislocation of the ankle joint is extremely rare. This is due to the fact that the particular mechanism of injury required to produce it occurs equally rarely. The authors report a case in which a good clinical result was obtained with nonsurgical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Ankle joint (artc. intertarsalis) receptors in the domestic fowl.

The physiological responses of joint capsule sensory receptors in the ankle joint of the chicken were studied by recording the electrical activity from single sensory afferent nerve fibres dissected from the parafibular nerve. All units included in this study were sensitive to mechanical stimulation of the joint capsule and were classified with respect to nerve conduction velocity, receptive field size and response threshold. Rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors formed 23% of the receptors present in the sample and responded to the mechanical probe by giving a single response or a short burst of activity at the onset of stimulation. The majority of units identified showed a slowly adapting response and on the basis of conduction velocity were divided into group IV (CV 2.5 m/s), group III (CV 2.5-20 m/s) and those units conducting over 20 m/s. Group IV units had single spot-like receptive fields and mechanical thresholds ranging from 0.6 to 60 g. Group III units could be divided into two groups based on receptive field size. One group had spot-like receptive fields 1-2 mm in diameter, whereas in the other group the receptive fields were larger (over 2 x 3 mm). The large receptive field units had significantly faster conduction velocities, lower mechanical thresholds and steeper stimulus-response curves than small receptive field units. In response to movement of the joint very few of the receptors, whether rapidly or slowly adapting, were found to be excited by moving the joint by hand in the middle of its physiological range. The physiological properties of these avian mechanoreceptive fine afferent units suggest that while some are activated by normal joint movement and non-noxious local mechanical stimulation of the joint capsule, others have nociceptive functions. The receptors present in the ankle joint were correlated with the anatomical structures found in the avian joints and their physiological properties compared and contrasted to the joint receptors found in mammals.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed2000

Sepsis and osteomyelitis about the ankle joint.

Sepsis and osteomyelitis about the ankle joint present a challenging clinical problem. Osteomyelitis usually follows open fracture of the distal tibia, often with a pilon fracture component. This article outlines the prevention of osteomyelitis in these difficult fractures. Treatment of subsequent osteomyelitis and sepsis, including the authors' experiences, is discussed. Septic ankle arthritis can occur hematogenously. In some patients, the optimal treatment for concomitant osteomyelitis and sepsis is a below knee amputation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accuracy of diagnostic arthroscopy of the ankle joint.

A series of 34 diagnostic arthroscopic examinations of the ankle joint has been performed. All of the patients in this study also had an arthrotomy procedure after the arthroscopy. The arthroscopic diagnosis was confirmed by gross examination of the ankle joint in 32 of 34 patients. This resulted in a 94% diagnostic accuracy.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1993

Ankle joint dorsiflexion. Establishment of a normal range.

Various values have been proposed as the required amount of ankle joint dorsiflexion, but a normal range has not been established. The authors establish a normal range based on direct measurements and compare the standard nonweightbearing method of measuring ankle joint dorsiflexion with a weightbearing method. The normal range for ankle joint dorsiflexion was established as 0 degrees to 16.5 degrees nonweightbearing and 7.1 degrees to 34.7 degrees weightbearing. A statistically significant (p < 0.01) difference exists between the two measuring systems. In addition, the study shows poor correlation between the two measurements. This lack of correlation brings into question the clinical relevance of the standard nonweightbearing measurement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

13 MHz high-frequency sonography of the lateral ankle joint ligaments and the tibiofibular syndesmosis in anatomic specimens.

In this study, the ligaments of the ankle joint and the tibiofibular syndesmosis were examined in formalin-fixed anatomic specimens using a 13 MHz sonographic scanner. For this purpose, 48 specimens of the ankle joint were examined, and the anterior tibiofibular, anterior talofibular, and calcaneofibular ligaments were marked by sonographically guided dye injection. The markings were checked during the subsequent dissection. The number of identifications reached 89.6% for the anterior tibiofibular and talofibular ligaments and 87% for the calcaneofibular ligament. The results show that the most frequently injured ligaments of the ankle joint can be visualized reliably by use of 13 MHz high-frequency sonography.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMed1987

[Expanded roentgen diagnosis of the lower ankle joint].

The standard radiographs in two planes of the ankle joint and of the foot do not allow an exact evaluation of the subtalar joint. Two additional views are proposed. With a dorsal flexion of the ankle joint one radiograph is obtained in 60 degrees internal rotation and the other in 60 degrees external rotation. The medial-oblique and lateral-oblique views considerably increase diagnostic information with a minor effort compared to tomography.

Ankle Injuries↗
PubMed1981

[Subtalar arthrodeses and arthrodeses of the ankle joint (author's transl)].

We present a check-up study of five arthrodeses of the ankle joint and five subtalar arthrodeses. The arthrodeses of the ankle joint were indicated because of hard pains after bimalleolar fractures and fractures of the pilon tibial. Subtalar arthrodeses were indicated in posttraumatic arthritis of the calcaneus after intraarticular fractures of the calcaneus. Resection-compression-arthrodesis following Charnley was used for the ankle joint, subtalar arthrodesis was done by the technic of using a corticocancellous bone graft from the iliac crest. With an average postoperative follow-up period of four years four from five patients in every group had a good results. In cases clear indication the early arthrodesis should be preferred.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Diagnostic imaging of ankle joint instability].

The value of the available diagnostic methods for the evaluation of the unstable ankle joint still is under discussion. This is a result of the increasing knowledge of basic biomechanics. It has been demonstrated that ankle instability is not restricted to two planes, but can be multidirectional or rotatory. There is also a trend to conservative treatment of acute unstable ankle joints. This paper presents the actual diagnostic tools for evaluation of the unstable ankle joint with regard to their efficiency. Stress views, sonography, MRI and arthrography will be discussed.

Ankle Injuries↗