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PubMed1992

Recreational scuba injuries.

Decompression illness, which includes decompression sickness and arterial gas embolism, can be a complex and difficult diagnostic dilemma. The signs and symptoms are not well known and mimic other illnesses which often results in delay when seeking medical evaluation. Additionally, most physicians are not exposed to diving medicine and may not recognize a decompression illness injury. The Divers Alert Network (DAN) offers information to the diving public and telephone consultation for physicians who require assistance in the evaluation of scuba divers and management of dive accident cases. Divers Alert Network also publishes the national annual report on scuba diving morbidity and mortality. Services provided without charge are sponsored by the DAN membership. This article introduces the physician to decompression illness and the basic care and treatment of the injured scuba diver.

Decompression Sickness↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The impact exerted by the severity of recreational drug abuse on the different components of the executive function].

INTRODUCTION: A number of neuropsychological studies have shown the relationship between severity of drug abuse and the executive functioning of substance abusers, along with its negative impact on treatment results. AIM: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between severity of consumption of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, heroin, amphetamines and ecstasy on the executive processes of fluency, working memory, response inhibition, concept formation and decision-making. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty poly-substance abusers participated in this study. In a series of setwise regression analyses we introduced the standardized scores of a severity index as predictor variables, and the raw scores of five indexes sensitive to executive functioning as dependent variables: the Ruff Figural Fluency Test (RFFT), the Letter Number Sequencing subtest (LyN), the 5 Digit Test (5DT), the Category Test (TC) and the Gambling Task (GT). Best subsets of predictors for each dependent variable were included in multiple regression models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We obtained significant relationships between severity of heroin and ecstasy abuse and RFFT performance; between severity of alcohol, cocaine, heroin and amphetamines and LyN performance; between severity of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, heroin and ecstasy and 5DT performance; and between severity of heroin and amphetamines and TC performance. These results show the significant influence of severity of drug abuse on executive impairment, which may have a negative impact on treatment results.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The prevalence of spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks Ixodes ricinus and mosquitoes Aedes spp. within a selected recreational area in the city of Szczecin.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in ticks Ixodes ricinus and mosquitoes Aedes spp. within the Bukowa Forest, collected between 2000 and 2001. The study covered 215 ticks (193 nymphs and 22 adults) and 947 mosquitoes female of the genus Aedes. Spirochetes of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. were detected in the arthropods studied with the method of indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Positive readings of the immunological reaction were stated in 17.7 % of the collected nymphs and adult forms of Ixodes ricinus, and in 0.8 % of mosquito females of the genus Aedes. The number of B. burgdorferi observed in a view field (400 x) of microscopic preparations of all infected mosquitoes and about 10 % of the infected ticks, ranged from 1-10. This number in 50 % of the nymphs was from 11-50 spirochetes. View fields of the preparations of the other 50 % of nymphs and adult forms featured more then 50 spirochetes. The observed low values of the prevalence and infection intensity of female mosquitoes Aedes spp. compared to ticks suggest that the former do not pose a serious epidemiological threat in the spreading of Lyme disease.

Aedes↗