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At least 1,603 records · Page 89Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Demonstration of TT virus in liver tissue fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin].

INTRODUCTION: TT virus has been recently isolated in Japan in patients with acute and chronic non-A/non-G hepatitis. Its possible etiopathogenetic role in causing hepatitis has been initially taken in consideration. On the contrary, more recent studies deny the importance of TT virus in causing liver damage. Most of the studies are based on serological data or on viral detection from frozen liver tissue. AIM OF THE STUDY: In the present paper we describe a method to detect viral genome from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded liver tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve needle biopsies from liver were studied. Six cases were selected on the basis of serological negativity for HBV and HCV markers. Five cases of HCV-related chronic hepatitis and one HCV- and HIV-positive intravenous drug abuser were also included. All patients underwent liver biopsy, performed with a 14-G needle. Liver specimens were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded as routine. From each block, sections were cut and stained for histopathologic examination. Additional 5 microns sections were employed to extract DNA for nested PCR. RESULTS: In 2 of 12 cases studied, TT virus genome was found. In both cases the presence of viral DNA was confirmed by sequencing. Both patients were male. The first patient was a 39-year-old HIV- and HCV-positive intravenous drug abuser. The second patient was a 60-year-old heavy alcohol drinker. In both cases the presence of TT virus apparently did not affect the histological picture. CONCLUSION: It is possible to detect TT virus genome from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue. This method offers the possibility to perform retrospective studies.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Monoclonal antibody 5C3 raised against formalin fixed paraffin-embedded invasive breast tumour tissue: characterisation of its reactive antigen via immunoprecipitation and internal sequencing.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) provide a powerful tool for the identification of novel tumour associated antigens. In an attempt to identify such an antigen, MAbs were generated by immunization with paraffin wax-embedded formalin-fixed invasive ductal breast tumour tissue from a patient who relapsed following an initial response to adjuvant chemotherapy. Extensive immunocytochemical and Western blot analysis of a range of cell lines and tissues including a series of pre- and post-chemotherapy treated invasive ductal breast carcinomas, with one of these MAbs, antibody 5C3, indicated that the 5C3 reactive antigen displayed a wide spectrum of reactivity amongst various human tumours. A reduced level of 5C3 expression was observed in non-cancerous archival breast tissues and breast cell lines and normal murine tissues compared to the expression observed in infiltrating breast tumour cells. Immunoprecipitation studies using the human ductal breast carcinoma cell line, ZR-75-1 resulted in the isolation of a 175 kDa reactive band which was excised from an SDS-PAGE gel and subjected to internal sequencing. Sequencing analysis and database searching revealed that this 175 kDa band represented a cytokeratin heteropolymer, composed of type I cytokeratin 9 and type II cytokeratin 6. Further studies confirmed that antibody 5C3 recognised this heteropolymer of cytokeratin 9 and 6 but not the individual cytokeratins. This novel method of MAb generation may facilitate the isolation of further potentially interesting cellular antigens. Characterisation of these novel antigens may identify specific disease targets with possible prognostic or predictive significance.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1980

A practical method for the identification of particulate and crystalline material in paraffin--embedded tissue specimens.

The combination of light microscopy, low temperature micro-incineration of paraffin sections, and subsequent scanning electron microscopy (SEM), with X-ray energy spectroscopy (XES) has been shown to allow rapid and reliable identification of inorganic crystalline and particulate material in body tissues. Applications of this technique to hospital practice are illustrated and its potential in diagnosis and research are suggested.

Electron Probe Microanalysis↗
PubMed1984

The demonstration of cell surface antigens on T cells, B cells and accessory cells in paraffin-embedded human tissues.

This paper describes a method for processing fresh tissue that allows immunohistological analysis on paraffin sections. The method is based on the use of periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde fixation. The effects of variation in fixation time, concentration of paraformaldehyde, dehydration, clearing, wax embedding and enzyme treatment of cut sections were examined. An optimal processing procedure was established that retains good tissue morphology and allowed 21 out of 27 monoclonal antibodies tested to be used successfully on paraffin sections to identify all major cell subpopulations by their membrane antigenic characteristics. The value of this approach in studying the immunopathology of potentially dangerous infectious diseases and in leukaemia/lymphoma diagnosis is discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1997

An improved method to detect beta-galactosidase activity in transgenic mice: a post-staining procedure on paraffin embedded tissue sections.

The Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase gene is frequently used as a reporter gene in transgenic studies because its activity can be easily detected at the cellular level. Here we report a procedure for monitoring beta-galactosidase activity directly in tissue sections, which involves the use of a mixture of ethanol and poly-ethylene-glycol as a fixative (Kryofix) and a special paraffin characterized by a lower fusion point of 42 degrees C. After embedding and cutting, the sections are stained by the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoyl-beta-D galactopyranoside (X-Gal). This procedure allows both the retention of a high level of beta-galactosidase activity and the preservation of good tissue morphology. Furthermore, it can be combined with immunohistochemical methods to detect other cellular components without compromising reporter gene detection.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Immunohistochemical demonstration of carbonic anhydrase III and muscle-specific enolase in paraffin-embedded human skeletal muscle sections.

We have demonstrated the histochemical fiber types of human skeletal muscle in paraffin sections by the immunohistochemical method, together with compatible observations previously made in frozen sections that carbonic anhydrase III is mainly localized in type 1 fibers (Shima et al. 1983), and muscle-specific enolase in type 2 fibers (Ibi et al. 1983). This method is useful to analyze the fiber types when frozen muscle samples at biopsy or autopsy cannot be obtained.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Device for smoothing out sections in paraffin embedding].

An uncomplicated device with automatically maintained optimal temperature of the water is suggested for smoothing out paraffin sections. The device is mounted on the basis of an electric sterilizer switched into the current via a thermoregulator. In the working regimen of the device the required temperature of the water is reached within 15-20 min after switching on.

Hot Temperature↗
PubMed1981

Receptors for Helix pomatia agglutinin on normal and neoplastic lymphocytes -- a histochemical study using paraffin embedded tissue sections.

In order to investigate the distribution and significance of receptors for Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA), paraffin sections from several reactive and 70 neoplastic lymphoid tissues were utilized for a histochemical study after neuraminidase treatment. Lymphocytes in the germinal center and thymic cortex were mostly negative for the receptors, while most of the lymphocytes in the thymus-dependent area, some of those in the primary follicle or in the marginal zone and most of the plasma cells in the medulla possessed the receptors on their surfaces. Nodular lymphomas, thymomas, and diffuse lymphoblastic lymphomas were mostly negative in contrast to the positive reaction in diffuse poorly differentiated lymphomas of B-cell type and plasmocytomas. Diffuse histiocytic lymphomas and diffuse mixed lymphocytic and histiocytic lymphomas occasionally possessed the receptors, irrespective of their immunological markers. Hodgkin's cells were negative on their surface, but were occasionally positive in their cytoplasms ans seen in case of histiocytes. From these results, HPA receptors could be neither T-cell nor B-cell differentiation marker. The possibility that HPA-receptor-negative lymphocytes may hav a quick turn-over rate or a short life span is also discussed.

Adult↗