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At least 1,603 records · Page 89Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Contrast media induced pulmonary edema. Comparison of ionic and nonionic agents in an animal model.

High intravenous doses of diatrizoate are known to induce pulmonary edema in the rat. The newer generation of contrast media--nonionics and monovalent dimers--are considered less toxic than diatrizoate. In this study we evaluated the degree of pulmonary edema induced by a high dose (6 g I/kg) of these new agents and found that Ioxaglate produced higher lung weights than Renografin 60 and Iopamidol. Iohexol and Amipaque did not induce a significant degree of edema. The model used in this study demonstrates distinct differences in pulmonary toxicity among these new agents, when given in doses exceedingly higher than given in clinical practice.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Effects of intravenous urography using sodium and meglumine ioxitalamate (Telebrix 38) on blood creatinine and urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase].

We evaluated the effect of intravenous pyelography (IVP) with sodium ioxitalamate and meglumine (Telebrix 38) on serum creatinine levels and urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG). Both values were significantly elevated 24 and 48 hours following intravenous pyelography. The increase of urinary NAG however, was much greater than that of the serum creatinine level. In patients with normal serum creatinine levels prior to the IVP, urinary NAG was very elevated at 24 hours and had returned to almost normal values 48 hours after intravenous pyelography. On the contrary, urinary NAG was increased at 48 hours as well as at 24 hours in patients with chronic renal failure following administration of Telebrix 38. It was not possible to demonstrate any correlation between NAG urinary excretion and the amount of iodinated contrast material administered, even in patients with normal renal function.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Excretion of contrast media by the immature rabbit. Comparison of Renografin and Iopamidol.

The excretion of iodinated contrast media was studied in 13 immature rabbits after the intravenous injection of 2 ml/kg (approximately 600 mg I/kg) of radio-labelled Renografin-60, a high osmolality agent (1510 mOsm/kg), or Iopamidol-300, a new agent with a much lower osmolality (616 mOsm/kg). Renografin, but not Iopamidol, induced an immediate but transient 40% fall in blood pressure, a marked diuresis that was 3.4 times greater at its maximum than for Iopamidol, and a much lower urinary iodine concentration at the time of maximum diuresis (Renografin: 90.3 +/- 9.2 microgram/ml; Iopamidol: 213 +/- 32.9 microgram/ml). No difference between the two contrast media was found for plasma iodine concentration, renal clearance from the plasma, urinary iodine excretion rate or volume of distribution. In five additional rabbit pups, formal clearance studies made using a constant IV infusion of the agents and timed collections of urine and plasma showed that Iopamidol and Renografin were cleared at the same rate by the kidneys (P greater than 0.9).

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Further experience with ioxaglate femoral arteriography. Using a roll-film changer for serial whole-limb angiography.

Forty-seven serial whole-limb angiograms using ioxaglate as the contrast medium were obtained. The contrast column passing through the arteries of the extremities was sequentially analyzed in all of the whole-limb angiograms. Good results could be expected in percutaneous femoral arteriography by the antidromic injection of 30 ml or more of the contrast medium at various speeds ranging from 3 to 4 ml per second.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1983

[Comparison of the results of computer tomography and dimer-X ventriculography in the diagnosis of infratentorial processes].

A total of 38 preoperative computer-tomography findings were compared with the results obtained in central dimer-X-ventriculography. CT yields the exact localisation of every tumour. Determination of kind and size of the tumours was possible in about 30 per cent of the cases. No additional information was obtained about the infiltration tendency of the tumour with respect to the rhomboid fossa. The method appears to be insufficient for the appraisal of occlusion of the efferent passage of the cerebrospinal fluid which are not caused by tumours. In 360 f 38 cases, the direct puncture of the third ventricle could be carried out without any complications. In these cases, all tumours as well as the disturbances of the cerebrospinal fluid passage could be diagnosed. An exact tumour localisation, however, was less well possible than it was with CT. Only hemispheral tumours, tumours of the superior vermiform process, tumours of the 3rd ventricle and craniospinal processes could be differentiated. Excellent results were obtained in the diagnosis of stenoses in the region of the aqueduct or malformations. For the above mentioned reasons, we of course give preference to the computer tomography for the diagnosis of infratentorial processes, but we still consider the combination of the two methods to be indispensable because it increases the information value for the planning of the operation.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Myelography in midline hernias of lumbar intervertebral disks].

The results of Dimerix myelography in 42 patients with median Schmorl's bodies in the lumbar segment were studied. Total or partial obstruction of the vertebral canal on one or two levels was a distinguishing X-ray sign in this group of patients. The clinical picture and the myelographic signs of Schmorl's bodies were compared with the operative findings. Depending on the size of the herniation, the patients were subjected to wide laminectomy, hemilaminectomy, but mainly to bilateral fenestration on one or two levels. The results of myelography were confirmed during operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[A major complication of hysterosalpingography].

The authors report in detail the observation of a patient who presented with urticaria and anaphylactic shock during hysterosalpingography. A review of the literature analyzing different accidents and incidents related to this examination, showed the rarity of such reactions. The authors insist, once more, on the necessity of always having the adequate material and drugs for early intensive treatment. These should be at hand whenever investigation with iodine contrast products are used, whatever the route of administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Renal contrast radiography study in hypertensive patients: comparison of the nephrotoxicity of ionic and non-ionic contrast media].

The results of a study carried out on 32 patients with arterial hypertension about nephrotoxic effect obtained with a new non-ionic contrast agent have been reported. The diagnostic approach was based on the determination of the urinary excretion of two characteristic enzymes of the proximal tubule-epithelial cells (alfa-glycosidase and gamma-glutamil-transferase) and of a microprotein (beta-2-microglobulin) filtered by glomeruli and readsorbed and catalized by epithelial cells. The method used show an increased sensitivity and reliability in the early recognition of a kidney damage as well as in the control of anatomic and functional changes, in comparison with the classic parameters (azotemia, creatininemia). The results show a significantly lower enzymuric and microproteinuric level using non-ionic contrast media, also, in the patients at relatively higher risk of kidney damage. This results should be interpreted in favour to a lower potential nephrotoxicity of non-ionic contrast media and their elective use in the patients with a higher risk of kidney damage.

Adult↗