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At least 1,603 records · Page 89Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Tissue concentrations of organochlorine compounds in common seals from the coast of Northern Ireland.

An epizootic of morbillivirus infection killed several hundred common seals (Phoca vitulina) along the coast of Northern Ireland in 1988. Many dead and moribund seals were submitted to the Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland, Veterinary Research Laboratories for necropsy. Samples of blubber, liver and kidney were collected from these animals (n = 55) for analysis for a wide range of organochlorine pesticides and also total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The organochlorines found in highest concentrations in blubber were PCBs which were detected in all samples (mean, 26 micrograms g-1 wet wt). sigma DDT (mean, 2.63 micrograms g-1 wet wt) and chlordane (mean, 0.22 micrograms g-1 wet wt) were also present in all samples. Heptachlor including heptachlor epoxide (mean, 0.13 micrograms g-1 wet wt) was present in over 93% of samples. Seventy-four percent of samples contained alpha HCH (mean, 0.035 micrograms g-1 wet wt), 50% contained beta HCH (mean, 0.026 micrograms g-1 wet wt) while gamma HCH (mean, 0.012 micrograms g-1 wet wt) was detected in 46% of samples. The organochlorine concentrations found in this study are at the lower end of the range previously reported for European common seals.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1982

Effect of serum on lymphocyte blastogenesis. I. Basic characteristics of action by diseased dog serum.

The immunoregulatory effect of serum on phytomitogen-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis was studied in 4 sera from diseased dogs and 1 serum from a clinically healthy dog. The results indicated that: (1) Each of the diseased animals responded to the given infection with a specific pattern of blastogenesis inhibition. (2) The blastogenesis suppression in vitro was proportional to the content of the suppressive serum in the medium. (3) A simultaneous presence of the mitogen and the suppressing "serum's lymphocyte immunoregulatory factors" (SLIF) was necessary for inducing blastogenesis suppression. (4) The suppressive sera most probably acted directly on the cells. (5) The final effect of the sera on lymphocyte blastogenesis was a result of an orchestrated action of blastogenesis-supporting, augmenting, and suppressing SLIF cooperating with the mitogen. (6) The suppressive pattern varied with the individual peripheral blood lymphocytes populations used in the test. (7) The blastogenesis-suppressing SLIF was heat-stable, noncytotoxic, and was not or only partially removable by absorption with peripheral blood lymphocytes. (8) The testing of SLIF activities required the use of various animal lymphocytes and a relatively complex setup of mitogens and control serum combinations for correct interpretations.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Vaccination of racing greyhounds: effects on humoral and cellular immunity.

Greyhound kennel owners frequently employ multiple vaccination schedules in an attempt to reduce financial losses incurred as a result of infectious diseases. In order to determine the effects of multiple vaccination schedules on the immune system of racing greyhounds, three litters of greyhound pups raised in laboratory conditions were divided into two groups and subjected to either a maximum or a minimum vaccination schedule. Blood samples were collected biweekly for 6 months beginning at 2 weeks of age and analyzed to establish 'baseline' values for the lymphatic system of greyhounds. Lymphocyte transformation, total and differential leukocyte counts, and flow cytometry were used to evaluate cellular immunity. Humoral immunity was evaluated using serum neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition tests. Proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in response to the mitogen concanavalin A (Con A) was higher for the maximum vaccination groups. The frequency distribution of circulating CD4 and IgG labeled lymphocytes was higher in the minimum vaccination groups. A significant treatment by time interaction in CD4, IgG, and IgM labeled cells was observed, This interaction, however, was not significant at any point in time for CD4 and IgG labeled cells. The percentage of lymphocytes expressing surface IgM was significantly higher in the minimum vaccination groups at 10 and 14 weeks of age. No significant differences were detected in humoral immunity between the maximum and minimum groups of each litter. Results of this study indicate that maximum vaccination schedules do not appear to be more effective or more immunosuppressive than minimum vaccination schedules.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Repeated suppression of lymphocyte blastogenesis following vaccinations of CPV-immune dogs with modified-live CPV vaccines.

A commercially available modified-live canine parvovirus (CPV) vaccine was evaluated for its immunosuppressive properties in eight random-bred dogs, all with circulatory antibody to CPV. Three of the eight dogs exhibited a significant decrease in lymphocyte blastogenesis after vaccine administration. In these dogs, this decrease in blastogenesis was of short duration and was consistently observed after repeated administrations of the vaccine. Neither gastroenteritis, fever nor leukopenia, signs indicative of virulent canine parvovirus infection, were detected in these animals. In addition, lymphocytes from these dogs lacked Ia antigen expression. This study demonstrated that the immunomodulating effects of ML-CPV is not observed in all animals yet is consistent in affected individuals.

Animals↗