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Dental, radiological, dermatoglyphic and genetic findings of a patient showing inverted impaction of a mesiodens are presented. It is probable that the inversion of the mesiodens was caused by contact of the incisal edge of the crown of the mesiodens by the apex of the root of the erupting right maxillary central incisor tooth.
The dental, radiological, genetic and dermatoglyphic findings of an additional patient with taurodontism in association with supernumerary teeth were presented and the findings of the patient were compared with those in the literature.
Two probably monozygotic twins with cerebral gigantism are reported. They showed three typical features: pneumo-encephalography demonstrated a fifth anterior ventricular dilatation; in both patients dermatoglyphic findings showed a thenar exit of the Aline and a vertical palmar alignement; Growth hormone and sulfatation factor blood concentration were low but within normal limits.
We examined biological affinities between the migrant groups of fishermen in Puri and their parental counterparts using 3 sets of variables: genetic markers, anthropometric measurements, and quantitative dermatoglyphics. Results of both univariate and multivariate analyses suggest a significant migration effect, diversifying migrants from their parental populations, although the distance configurations based on each set of variables resemble each other. The migration effect is particularly remarkable for the anthropometric measurements. The plot of group centroids based on the discriminant analysis of the 7 populations depicts a clear segregation of migrants from the parental populations. Because of relatively large effective population sizes and short history of these populations in Puri, the role of genetic drift can be safely ruled out. However, a founder effect is a plausible reason for the observed differentiation of the migrants from their parental groups, especially given that certain rare variants that were not observed in the parental populations appear in the migrants. That the founders were a select group of fishermen with respect to body dimensions, not a random group, can be inferred from the occupational differences among the migrant groups, which in turn suggests phenotypic plasticity in the observed differentiation. Regression of mean phenotypic variance and heterozygosity on the distance from the centroid suggests a strong possibility of external gene flow into the migrant populations in Puri.
An attempt was made to approach to the causes of the development of epileptic disorders from general biologic positions and to determine the signs of a normal organism, that might help to predict a risk of the disease manifestation. A pattern of electric activity of the brain of the animals, both sensitive and resistant to convulsive agents' action in terms of the influence of convulsive and anticonvulsive preparations on EEG are presented. A role of the brain's mass and of the peculiarities of dermatoglyphics as the predictors of the development of epileptic disorders are also discussed.
The dental, genetic, radiological and dermatoglyphic findings of a 19-year-old girl showing macrodontia of maxillary permanent central incisors in association with a contrasting character, microdontia of maxillary permanent lateral and mandibular primary central incisors and bilateral absence of maxillary first premolars and missing of the right mandibular second premolar and peg-shaped mandibular primary lateral incisors and canines were presented.
A case is reported of "pure" trisomy 9p: 47,XX,+del(9) (q11). The affected 6-year-old girl has moderate psychomotor retardation (IQ near 70), with speech retardation. She is mildly dysmorphic, with the characteristic features of trisomy 9p: a "worried look", a unilateral grin, slant of the palpebral fissures, a globulous nose, brachymesophalangia and the characteristic dermatoglyphic features. The parents karyotypes are normal, except for one cell from the father which had the karyotype 46,XY,del(9)(q11), the implications of which are discussed.
The syndrome of trisomy 10q24leads to 10qter is described from three patients studied by the authors and five cases reported from the literature. The characteristic dysmorphy of the syndrome, although different from that of trisomy 21, nevertheless is reminiscent because of euroasiatic facies. The facies is broad, round, because of euroasiatic facies. The facies is broad, round, and flat, with a prominent malar region and a high and convex forehead. Palpebral fissures are narrow with bilateral epicanthal folds, and the nasal bridge is hypoplasitc. Marked joint laxity allows spontaneous and reductible subluxations. Growth retardation is the rule, and mental retardation is severe. No specific dermatoglyphic abnormalities are noted; there is a gap between the first and second toes, with a marked plantar crease separating them. Although trisomy 10q24leads to10qter results from various terminal translocations or pericentric inversion in one case, the location of the breakage point in band 10q24 suggests a particular lability of this zone.
Colorblind twin sisters were born from the marriage of a hemizygote with a carrier for colorblindness. The proof of monozygosity is given by the blood-group typing and the dermatoglyphs. The deuteranomaly is of the same degree in each but is more marked in one of the sisters. The mother has none of the microsymptoms sometimes found in carriers.
The finger and palmar patterns were studied in miners suffering from peptic ulcer and in healthy subjects. The revealed complex of 26 dermatoglyphic indicators permit the prognostication of peptic ulcer, which fact promotes efficiency of measures designed to prevent the disorder.
OBJECTIVE: To utilize observations on laterality and handedness to gain insight into the initiating mechanism of monozygotic human quadruplets. STUDY DESIGN: In a study of thumbprints and handedness in sets of monozygotic quadruplets, homolateral and heterolateral comparisons were used to distinguish mirror-image from symmetric divisions. RESULTS: Data were consistent with a mechanism involving a mirror-image duplication in the first division and a subsequent symmetric separation of the daughters. In addition, these data failed to substantiate a genetic linkage between dermatoglyphics and handedness. CONCLUSION: Reported and reviewed data tend to support the analogy of monozygotic polyembryony in armadillos and humans. The plausible roles of delayed implantation and intercellular bonding are explored, especially as they relate to ambient calcium concentration. Factors tending to enhance the likelihood of monozygotic twinning include calcium channel blockers, lactation, ovulation induction and prolonged in vitro fertilization incubation.
The dermatoglyphic pattern of human palms and soles is individually unique and unchanging. Their prints show the course of the papillary ridges as papillary lines. Case reports and a few older studies of repeatedly taken fingerprints could, however, show that so-called interpapillary lines can develop between the papillary lines. The questions of this study were: How often do interpapillary lines occur? Can the differences between papillary and interpapillary ridges be quantified? Five-hundred and two ink prints of the palms and fingers from the archive of the Bochum Police Department were examined retrospectively. In 121 volunteers, the appearance of interpapillary lines was examined prospectively. From the later collective, the fingerprints of 13 people with interpapillary lines and nine people without were examined further by taking two silicon prints and measuring them with laser profilometry In 215 of the 502 ink prints (42.8%) interpapillary lines could be demonstrated. In those subjects younger than 20 years they were less frequently observed (34.1%) than in those above the age of 20 (51.8%). In all cases using laser profilometry the interpapillary lines could be related to a corresponding interpapillary ridge. The interpapillary ridge heights were 24.9 +/- 10.0 microm, significantly lower than the papillary ridges, which measured 59.0 +/- 19.2 microm. Interpapillary ridge widths were with 194.8 +/- 65.1 microm significantly narrower as compared to 435.5 +/- 57.4 microm in the papillary ridge. Those papillary ridges, between which interpapillary ridges were found, were significantly further apart from each other (610.5 +/- 78.9 microm) than those without interpapillary ridges (484.9 +/- 70.6 microm). During the course of a lifetime new ridges between the regular papillary ridges can develop or manifest. The fact that interpapillary lines are more frequently found on the right hands in men and those with increasing age is consistent with the theory that they correspond to degenerative changes and with sensitivity of touch.
A translocation 2/6 inherited for 3 generations is described. The propositus, carrier of a partial trisomy 2p, showed multiple morphological anomalies of which microphtalmus and persistance of primary vitreous body were of particular interest. Based on a comparison of this with seven other patients in the literature, the most characteristic clinical symptoms of partial trisomy 2p are concluded to be the following: abundant lanugo at birth, glabella prominence, anteverted nares, dermatoglyphic anomalies, and malformations of the eyes.
The clinical, cytogenetic and dermatoglyphic findings in a patient with a ring chromosome 21 are presented. This anomaly acts as a deletion of chromosomal material and results in specific congenital defects. A comparison is made with 24 cases of deletions involving chromosome 21 described in the literature. Six of these have been studied by means of recently developed chromosome banding techniques. Cases presumably arise through somatic non-disjunction or chromosome breakage. When the chromosomes of both parents are normal the recurrence risk is negligible.
Sparse, slowly growing hair, a big pear-shaped nose and deformities of the fingers are the main characteristics of the tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome (TRP); dwarfism is a facultative sign. The cone shaped invagination of the epiphysis into the diaphysis of the fingers and toes causes clinodactyly and brachydactyly. The typical physiognomy of the TRP leads to the suspected diagnosis which may easily be confirmed by X-ray examination. In a 13-year-old girl the classical signs of a TRP were found; several members of the family demonstrated some features of the syndrome. Dermatoglyphic examinations were performed on 9 members of the family.
A sporadic case of Patau syndrome with 46,XY,14-,t(13q14q)+ karyotype is reported in a 2-month-old child. Dermatoglyphic and cytogenetic findings of the propositus and cytogenetic study of his parents are presented.
Chromosome 8 is the largest autosome thus far found to be trisomic among liveborn infants. Trisomy 8 "mosaicism" syndrome (T8mS) consists primarily of individuals whose chromosome complement is mosaic for chromosome 8 (T8m), i.e., patients with a chromosomally normal cell line in addition to the trisomic 8 cell line, and a few known individuals with full trisomy 8 (T8), i.e., each cell observed contains an extra chromosome 8. Reported cases of both types share a number of common features and thus have helped to delineate a new syndrome. Common features of T8mS include mild-to-moderate mental retardation, strabismus, osseous and soft tissue abnormalities, lowset and/or malformed ears, broad bulbous nose, palate deformity, various types of congenital cardiovascular disorders, hydronephrosis, cryptorchidism, and characteristic dermatoglyphics. Since chromosomal mosaicism is often present in this syndrome it is not surprising that considerable phenotypic variation exists. The present report of one of the youngest individuals yet described with T8m adds two more physical findings (dense corneal clouding and a heretofore undescribed clavicular deformity) to the constellation of abnormalities associated with T8mS. On the basis of the phenotypic and cytogenetic findings in this and 17 similar patients previously reported it is proposed that T8mS is a distinct clinical entity.
The authors conducted a dermatoglyphical study of 278 schizophrenic children and adolescents. The frequency of papillary pattern dysplasia of the hands was 23.7% in boys and 22.8% in girls. These data significantly exceed similar indices in normal children and adolescents (377 cases). A clinico-statistical analysis of 62 patients with dysplasia depicted (as a control, a group of 451 patients not differentiated for dysplasia were studied) an earlier onset of the schizophrenic process mainly with psychopath-like disorders and a continuous progressive development.