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PubMed2001

[Bartonellosis].

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Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2001

Cat scratch disease. A cause of regional lymphadenitis.

BACKGROUND: In the last decade, the microbiological cause of cat scratch disease (CSD) has been determined using a combination of traditional culture and modern molecular techniques. A bacterium known as Bartonelia henselae is responsible for the vast majority of cases. The natural history of the disease is being reinterpreted in the light of more sophisticated diagnostic tools. OBJECTIVE: To enable practitioners to have a sound basis for the diagnosis and treatment of cat scratch disease. DISCUSSION: Bartonelia henselae is ubiquitous in the domestic feline and causes zoonotic infection in humans. Although this infection is usually self limiting and benign, it may cause more extensive disease in the immunosuppressed. Antibiotic therapy may hasten recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

A case report of bacillary angiomatosis in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus.

A man infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) presented with a few-month history of an enlarging friable growth on the medial area of the left foot and a one-week history of bilateral lower extremity edema. Clinical and histologic examination led to a diagnosis of bacillary angiomatosis, and the patient responded to antibiotic therapy We provide an overview of bacillary angiomatosis, a rare disorder that affects immunocompromised patients with CD4 cell counts less than 100/microL.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2002

Guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections among HIV-infected persons--2002. Recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service and the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

In 1995, the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) developed guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections (OIs) among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); these guidelines were updated in 1997 and 1999. This fourth edition of the guidelines, made available on the Internet in 2001, is intended for clinicians and other health-care providers who care for HIV-infected persons. The goal of these guidelines is to provide evidence-based guidelines for preventing OIs among HIV-infected adults and adolescents, including pregnant women, and HIV-exposed or infected children. Nineteen OIs, or groups of OIs, are addressed, and recommendations are included for preventing exposure to opportunistic pathogens, preventing first episodes of disease by chemoprophylaxis or vaccination (primary prophylaxis), and preventing disease recurrence (secondary prophylaxis). Major changes since the last edition of the guidelines include 1) updated recommendations for discontinuing primary and secondary OI prophylaxis among persons whose CD4+ T lymphocyte counts have increased in response to antiretroviral therapy; 2) emphasis on screening all HIV-infected persons for infection with hepatitis C virus; 3) new information regarding transmission of human herpesvirus 8 infection; 4) new information regarding drug interactions, chiefly related to rifamycins and antiretroviral drugs; and 5) revised recommendations for immunizing HIV-infected adults and adolescents and HIV-exposed or infected children.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1975

[Is there chromomycosis in Spain?].

The first case of autochthonous chromomycosis in Spain is described by the author. The patient lived in the Valencia province and the mycologic investigation was carried out by Prof. Dante Borelli of Venezuela.

Bartonella Infections↗
PubMed2002

Molecular and microscopical evidence of Ehrlichia spp. and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in patients, animals and ticks in the Czech Republic.

We report moderately severe cases of human ehrlichiosis and a lethal one caused by human granulocytic Ehrlichia, the HGE agent, closely related to Ehrlichia phagocytophila and Ehrlichia equi. Their vector is the Ixodes ricinus tick, which also transmits Borrelia burgorferi sensu lato in central, west and east regions of the Czech Republic. The diagnosis was established by PCR with sequence analysis of the genes encoding 16S rRNA of Ehrlichia and with reverse hybridization by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay with different covalently coupled probes to the activated plate. Ten out of 47 patients and 10 huntsmen were PCR positive and 7 of them seroconverted to the HGE. Coinfection of Ehrlichia phagocytophila with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was detected in 3 patients. Ehrlichia spp., the HGE agent, was isolated and propagated only from one patient in the HL-60 promyelocytic cell line. The maintenance of Ehrlichia in culture and in patients was assayed also by immunocytological staining and electron microscopy. Sequence or hybridization analysis of PCR results in different wild mammals and birds showed significant sources of Ehrlichia fagocytophila in nature. Three variants of E. phagocytophila in wild roe deer and boars, as well as for the first time in birds, have been described. Cultures from the blood of horses, and from the spleen and kidney specimens of roes and boars, PCR positive for Ehrlichia spp., displayed a disappearing level of the pathogen or contamination with other bacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Cat scratch disease--diagnostic problems].

Etiology, epidemiology and clinical symptoms of Mollaret's disease, also known as Cat-scratch disease, were described. Four cases of treated patients were presented. One patient with a history of type I Diabetes mellitus presented clinical symptoms of Mollaret's disease, however, after investigation he was finally diagnosed with malignant lymphoma and was given chemotherapy. In other cases some symptoms were also doubtful, but the final diagnoses were made upon positive results of serological reactions and all patients recovered completely after a few week antibiotic treatment. All patients had frequent contacts with cats. A significant divergence between the results of histopathological, serological and ultrasonographic findings lead to a conclusion that a certain diagnosis of Cat-scratch disease can only be made with the use of positive results of serological reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Severe retinal phlebitis in ocular bartonellosis].

PURPOSE/METHODS: To report the clinical case of a 34-year-old male with atypical ophthalmic manifestations of cat-scratch disease (ocular bartonellosis), including an extensive retinal phlebitis, as well as the evolution of the clinical picture with treatment. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: The clinical diagnosis of ocular bartonellosis was serologically confirmed. Oral treatment with ciprofloxacine healed the phlebitis and the neuroretinitis, with a residual optic disk pallor. This case exemplifies the diversitiy of ocular manifestations of this disease. The authors recommend considering this condition in the differential diagnosis of posterior uveitis in young patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Cat-scratch disease occurring in three siblings simultaneously.

We report for the first time three siblings with cat-scratch disease occurring simultaneously. Case 1 was an 8-year-old boy with enlarged supraclavicular lymph nodes and fever. Case 2 was the 11-year-old sister whose presentation was a prolonged febrile illness. Case 3 was a 13-year-old male adolescent with adenitis of the neck and thigh. All three patients were treated with rifampin with improvement of their symptoms.

Adolescent↗