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At least 1,603 records · Page 89Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Possibilities and limits of using speech signals in aviation and space psychophysiology.

A number of measurable speech characteristics reflect the emotional state and its influence upon the operator’s performance. The validity of acoustical and temporal measures of paralinguistic and semantic processes increases with the increase of motional activation. At lower activation levels the informational value of characteristics is mostly affected by linguistic factors as well as by pychological ones, related to social communication in the course of common working activity.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1987

The use of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in aviators.

Nephrolithiasis presents a common management problem for the flight surgeon, whose patients must be excluded from flying duties for weeks or months during diagnosis and treatment. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has recently become available for clinical use and represents a totally noninvasive method of managing urinary tract calculi. The extremely low risk and rapid recovery time associated with ESWL make it preferable not only to conservative medical management and conventional surgical treatment but also to the newer invasive procedures, such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy. A case is described in which a military pilot is eligible for return to flying status within 3 weeks of initial consultation following treatment of symptomatic nephrolithiasis with ESWL. The contraindications and potential complications of ESWL are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Atropine sulfate effects on aviator performance and on respiratory-heart period interactions.

In this study, 20 human volunteers received a placebo and atropine doses of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg X 75 kg-1 in a Latin Square double blind design, and effects were monitored for 3 h postinjection. The 2.0 mg and the 4.0 mg doses resulted in significant flight simulator performance decrements beginning at 1 h postinjection with only minimal recovery by 3 h postinjection. Electrocardiogram data were used to estimate the amplitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) which was more sensitive than mean heart period or mean heart period variance to the effects of atropine. These parasympathetic effects were relatively rapid in onset and peaked within the first 40-min period for the 2.0 and 4.0 mg doses. The onset of performance effects were delayed 1 h 40 min for the 2.0 mg and 1 h 00 min for the 4.0 mg treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Simulator sickness: a problem for Army aviation.

"Simulator Sickness" describes a symptom complex frequently reported by pilots during or after flight simulator training. There were 112 helicopter pilots at a U.S. Army AH-1 Cobra Flight Weapons Simulator (FWS) who completed a symptom-oriented subjective questionnaire. Of these, 40% reported symptoms of dysequilibrium; pilots developing simulator sickness had significantly more total and AH-1 flight time. Adaptation to the syndrome occurred with increasing FWS experience. The history and aeromedical significance of simulator sickness are briefly reviewed, and a case report presented. A mandatory grounding policy in use locally is described. Potential treatment strategies are briefly discussed.

Adult↗