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At least 1,585 records · Page 88Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Electromyography of masticatory muscles in three jaw registration positions.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether anteroposterior changes in mandibular position affect masticatory muscle activity. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of masticatory muscles during full and partial (10%) clenching in three mandibular bite registration positions--retruded contact position (RCP), intercuspal position (IP), and muscular position (MP)--was studied. Three groups of subjects with different ranges of anteroposterior positioning of the condyles were evaluated (normal occlusion, Class II, Division 2 malocclusion, and dual bite malocclusion). A posterior stabilizing splint for each registration position was made. EMG data were obtained from three bilateral muscles (masseter, anterior temporal, and posterior temporal). Clenching in the RCP elicited the lowest masseter muscle activity during full clenching, and the highest anterior temporal and posterior temporal muscle activity during partial clenching. If the relationships of the masticatory muscles are analyzed through a ratio that represents the interaction between biting and positioning muscles (masseter/posterior temporal muscle ratio), the RCP as compared with other positions had the lowest ratio. The RCP required more positioning muscle activity and permitted less biting muscle activity. There was no significant difference in the muscle activity between the IP and MP registrations. Small changes in jaw position (anterior to RCP) are not critical for the masticatory apparatus provided there is good intercuspation. The results of this investigation suggest that intercuspation in RCP is not the optimal position.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Semi-rigid bracket splinting of teeth after traumatic luxation].

We describe a non-rigid procedure using brackets for splinting teeth after traumatic avulsion. This type of appliance preserves alveolodental ligament physiology and enables immediate mastication without occlusal obstruction. Installation is easy, except when severe bleeding or alveolar fracture occurs.

Dental Pulp Necrosis↗
PubMed1994

Masseter and temporalis surface electromyography in patients wearing complete dentures comparing anterior and posterior occlusal concepts--a pilot study.

The activity of jaw elevator muscles (masseter and anterior temporal muscle) was studied by surface electromyography in 17 patients wearing complete dentures with anterior-canine guidance. Baseline electromyography was recorded with the dentures and compared to recordings obtained with two different splints adapted to the upper denture, one providing anterior guidance leading to immediate disclusion of the posterior teeth during any jaw movement, the other providing posterior guidance buccally on the working side and lingually on the non-working side (bilaterally balanced occlusion). Recordings were obtained during a sequence of different jaw movements: postural position, maximal tooth contact in intercuspal position, protrusive movement of the mandible (under tooth contact) and during lateral excursions, also carried out under tooth contact. Muscle activity was not significantly different as recorded with dentures only versus with the splints providing anterior guidance. However, a significant increase in activity was observed with bilaterally balanced occlusion. The results of this study in edentulous people are similar to those found in patients with natural teeth.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Polyethylene ribbon and fixed orthodontic retention and porcelain veneers: solving an esthetic dilemma.

The patient, a 58-year-old woman, had started orthodontic treatment to correct spacing between the maxillary anterior teeth 6 year prior to presentation with a chief complaint of tooth discoloration and spacing. The treatment had consisted of the use of a removable appliance to retract the maxillary anterior teeth. The patient continued to wear the appliance sporadically. When she presented, the maxillary incisors were in primary occlusal trauma with Grade 2 mobility. The patient discontinued wearing the appliance. The periodontal condition was addressed with initial therapy. As part of the treatment plan to stabilize the maxillary anterior teeth and provide the patient with an esthetic result, it was decided to do a limited occlusal adjustment of the maxillary anterior teeth to control fremitus, and to place a fixed, composite resin, polyethylene ribbon-reinforced splint, using a facial approach. The esthetic restoration of these teeth was accomplished with bonded porcelain veneers.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed2005

[A case report of prosthodontic treatment for the influence of occlusal discord on the whole body].

PATIENT: The patient was a 19-year-old man who visited the hospital with chief complaints of headache, stiffness of shoulders, and giddiness. The skull, mandible, and splint, and their relation with cervical vertebra, were considered, and new knowledge was acquired. Since the fulcrum of the movement axis at the time of opening and closing had shifted below the dens, it was diagnosed as TMD. Splint treatment was performed and the main symptoms had improved 3 months later. DISCUSSION: It is thought that the jawbone of the upper and lower sides of class II occlusion had adapted to class III, and would cause various whole-body conditions. CONCLUSION: Although the influence of the posture of cervical vertebra and the whole-body deformation of submaxilla is considered, there are many unknown points and further study is required.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Correction of condylar displacement following intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy.

Fifteen patients who demonstrated condylar sag after intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy for the correction of mandibular prognathism were treated nonsurgically to establish the desired postoperative occlusion. A mean inferior displacement of 3.33 mm and anterior displacement of 2.18 mm were observed tomographically after surgery. Postoperatively, a geometric splint was constructed to compensate for the magnitude of condylar displacement and was used to replace the original splint to hold the distal segment in an overcorrected position. Skeletal fixation was maintained for 5 to 6 weeks. Tomographic evaluation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) during maxillomandibular fixation showed a slight superior (1.03 mm) and posterior (0.51 mm) movement of the condyle in the fossa. After release of fixation and removal of splint, a further superior (2.05 mm) and posterior (1.01 mm) repositioning of the condyle was observed. This later movement correlated with the placement of light class III elastic traction to seat the condyles into the glenoid fossae and establish a class I occlusion. Temporomandibular joint tomograms confirmed complete seating of the condyles in the fossa and lateral cephalograms demonstrated a corresponding change in the position of the mandible to the desired postoperative position. This technique has been effective in preventing postoperative malocclusion resulting from condylar sag.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modified resin-bonded design for stabilization of mobile teeth: technique and clinical observations.

A design modification of the tooth preparation and framework design is presented to further enhance stabilization of mobile teeth with resin-bonded splints. An appropriate shade of composite resin is placed to restore an esthetic contour, cover the incisal edge framework extensions, and provide occlusal function as indicated. Patient reviews are presented to demonstrate the principles of treatment, versatility, and limitations of this treatment modality.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

The segmental osteotomy in the management of malposed implants: a case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: The segmental osteotomy provides an important treatment approach for the correction of skeletal-dental malocclusions that would otherwise be unmanageable with conventional orthodontic care. The combined use of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery also has been adapted for use in the correction of developmental and traumatic deformities. Severely malpositioned implant fixtures may not permit restorative correction even with custom prosthetic appliances. As an alternative to implant removal, which can be associated with significant alveolar destruction, orthognathic surgery may offer a treatment modality to improve fixture alignment, thereby enabling a more favorable esthetic and functional prosthesis. This paper presents a case report and review of the segmental osteotomy procedure. METHODS: A 32-year-old female with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors underwent implant surgery for prosthetic replacement of these teeth. Due to severe labial positioning of the implant fixtures, acceptable prosthetic treatment was not possible. A segmental osteotomy procedure was used to reposition the implants. The implants were splinted using a ridged interim suprastructure during the 4-month healing period. An occlusal appliance also was worn during the initial 8 weeks of this healing period. RESULTS: The surgical procedure permitted intrusion and palatal repositioning of the implants. Healing proceeded with no untoward effects. Clinical findings at second-stage surgery were consistent with complete osseous repair and integration of the fixtures. Successful prosthetic treatment was subsequently completed for the patient. CONCLUSION: The segmental osteotomy may provide an alternative treatment to the removal of severely malposed implants or their compromised prosthetic restoration.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Alternative treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: nasal-CPAP continuous positive airway pressure.

The upper airway of patients with obstructive sleep apnea is often characterised by a narrow lumen and increased compliance of the pharyngeal wall. During inspiration, a negative inspiratory pressure is developed which may produce occlusion in the pharynx. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) works as a pneumatic splint dilating the upper airway and thus keeping the airway open. The result is a patent airway, free regular breathing during sleep with no oxygen desaturations and normal sleep architecture. Irregular pulse, fluctuations in blood pressure, increased levels of catecholamines recorded during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea are normalised during CPAP treatment.

Contraindications↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Precision attachment-retained removable partial dentures: Part 2. Long-term study of ball attachments.

Patients provided with 24 ball attachment-retained removable partial dentures were followed up to 23.5 years. The prosthetic treatment included fixed partial dentures in 8 arches, and combinations of crowns and splint bars in 16 arches. All ball attachment matrices were supplied with vertical occlusal stops in contact with the patrices. A nonresilient hinged coupling was established between fixed partial dentures and removable partial dentures. Seventeen arches had only two or three remaining teeth. A total of 66 abutments for fixed partial dentures were included, 30 of which were root canal treated and supplied with posts. No technical failures (loss of retention/cement failure, root or tooth fracture, metal framework fracture) with the fixed partial dentures were recorded. With the removable partial dentures, additional retention with clasps was introduced in 2 of the dentures (in addition to 8 originally), 2 had to be remade after fractures, and 4 dentures were relined.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Fixation of mandibular body fracture with combination of one-piece cast splint and miniplate.

A method for fixation of mandibular body fracture within the dental arch using a combination of a rigid one-piece cast splint and a pliable miniplate screwed at the inferior border of the mandible was developed with the highest priority placed on restoration of occlusion. This paper presents the results obtained in 36 patients treated by this method. The postoperative occlusion was analyzed using the T-scan system in 20 fully dentate patients without major caries. The data obtained in the patients were well comparable to those in normal subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Condylar position control during maxillary surgery: the condylar positioning appliance and three-dimensional double splint method.

A new method for positioning the maxilla and condyle after Le Fort I osteotomy maintains the patient's vertical dimension (ie, the relation of the mandible to the skull above the osteotomy plane) in the preoperative and postoperative positions during both cast surgery and actual surgery. During surgery the condylar positioning appliance is fixed to the anterolateral zygoma and the lateral cortex of the mandibular ramus bilaterally to orient the mandible in centric relation. The condylar positioning appliance is used with the three-dimensional double splint method. Two prefabricated splints enable three-dimensional positioning of the maxilla in the fixed mandibular position during surgery. Postoperatively, the mandible can be rotated into the new centric occlusion.

Centric Relation↗
PubMed1990

Post-orthodontic splinting of periodontally-involved teeth.

Shortcomings of techniques presently available for the stabilization of periodontally-involved teeth following orthodontic therapy are discussed. The rationale for rigid fixation of such teeth is questioned in the light of modern concepts of tooth mobility. An inexpensive technique of tooth stabilization based on wire and composite resin is described. The technique permits fixation allowing for individual periodontal adjustment, yet with minimal interference with tooth structure and the occlusion.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed2006

Numerical simulation on the biomechanical interactions of tooth/implant-supported system under various occlusal forces with rigid/non-rigid connections.

The aim of this study was to analyze the biomechanics in an implant/tooth-supported system under different occlusal forces with rigid/non-rigid connectors by adopting a 3D non-linear finite element (FE) approach. A 3D FE model containing one Frialit-2 implant splinted to the mandibular second premolar was constructed. Contact elements (frictional surface) were used to simulate the realistic interface condition within the implant system and the sliding keyway stress-breaker function. The stress distributions in the splinting system and dissimilar mobility between natural tooth and implant with rigid and non-rigid connectors were observed for six loading types. The simulated results indicated that the lateral occlusal forces significantly increased the implant (sigma(I, max)), alveolar bone (sigma(AB, max)) and prosthesis (sigma(P, max)) stress values when compared with the axial occlusal forces. The sigma(I, max) and sigma(AB, max) values did not exhibit significant differences regardless of the connector type used. However, the sigma(P, max) values with a non-rigid connection increased more than two times those of the rigid connection. The sigma(I, max), sigma(AB, max) and sigma(P, max) stress values were significantly reduced in centric or lateral contact situations once the occlusal forces on the pontic were decreased. Moreover, the vertical-tooth-to-implant displacement ratios with a non-rigid connection were 23 and 9.9 times that for axial and lateral loads, respectively, applied on the premolar. However, the compensated non-rigid connector capabilities were not significant when occlusal forces acted on the complete prosthesis. The non-rigid connector (keyway device) only significantly exploited its function when the occlusal forces acted on a natural tooth. Minimizing the occlusal loading force on the pontic area through occlusal adjustment procedures to redistribute stress in the maximum intercuspation or lateral working position for an implant/tooth-supported prosthesis is recommended.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1991

Fixed cantilever splints on teeth with normal and reduced periodontal support.

Photoelastic models were used to visualize stresses developed in teeth and supporting bone by cantilever fixed partial dentures where the most distal abutments had either crater or trough osseous defects. The effects of splinting the periodontally involved teeth to one or more additional sound teeth were studied. It was shown that for a cantilever fixed partial denture with either normal periodontal support, or a distal abutment with a moderate degree of mobility and bone loss, the following can be concluded: (1) occlusal forces on a cantilever fixed partial denture were significantly distributed to only the three teeth closest to the loaded cantilever, (2) optimum stress reduction occurred with the splinting of a periodontally compromised tooth to two periodontally sound teeth. Increasing the number of splinted abutments did not result in a proportional reduction of stress in the periodontium, and (3) no significant cross-arch sharing of occlusal loads was seen.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1979

A temporary-permanent splint.

A method of temporary permanent splinting has been presented which enables the clinician to stabilize anterior teeth aesthetically and rigidly without resorting to cast restorations. The method utilizes an acid-etch composite technique with T.M.S. Pins and has shown itself to be a rapid, cosmetic and durable alternative to either the temporary intra-coronal wire ligation or the more permanent gold prosthesis.

Acid Etching, Dental↗