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PubMed2006

[Current state of research on migration in Austria. A brief review].

Although Austria has been the aim of immigration for many years, research in the field of migration and integration is not yet established. Of the Austrian population, 9.6% have foreign citizenship and the proportion of the migrant population is highest in Vienna, where it is 18.0%. In 2002 a population register system was implemented in Austria which allows a more detailed description of migration processes and a differentiation of population by citizenship and country of birth. In social science and public health research as well as in official statistics and surveys the item of migration is not given sufficient consideration. On a political level, especially in Vienna, a comprehensive strategy of integration and diversity is being increasingly regarded as essential, and federal health policy has recently also focused on the health of migrants. In the future migration will hopefully be re-evaluated as the need for a humanitarian approach is recognized but also the benefits from migration in cultural, economic and demographic affairs are better appreciated and research is allowed to play an appropriate role in this process.

Acculturation↗
PubMed2000

The fertility impact of temporary migration in China: a detachment hypothesis.

This paper expands the migration-fertility linkage literature by examining the fertility impact of temporary migration in Hubei, China. The central hypothesis is that temporary migration affects migrants' fertility through a detachment process: The separation of temporary migrants' actual residence from their de jure residence creates a loophole in family planning administration, weakening the social control over their fertility. The analysis of annual order-specific births since 1979 suggests that temporary migrants exhibit significantly higher probabilities of having a second birth than permanent migrants and nonmigrants once type of residence is controlled for: rural-rural temporary migrants have the highest fertility among all groups examined. The results lend support to the detachment hypothesis while indicating a strong antinatal impact of urban residence. Rural-urban temporary migrants are not the ones to blame for increases in outplanning births in contemporary China, but their fertility would have been lower if there had been no detachment. Rural-rural temporary migrants are actually the escapees of the one-child-per-family policy.

Asia↗
PubMed1985

Ivory Coast.

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Africa↗
PubMed1985

Kenya.

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Africa↗
PubMed1985

Uganda.

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Africa↗
PubMed1996

Welfare and immigrants: restricting the eligibility of legal immigrants for welfare programs.

"The [U.S.] Congress and the Administration are currently proposing to revamp the nation's welfare system. As a result, increasing attention has focused on the participation of legal immigrants in welfare programs. Out of that scrutiny has come a debate about whether legal immigrants should be eligible for public assistance. Several members of Congress have offered proposals that would eliminate or at least seriously curtail the eligibility of legal immigrants for welfare benefits. This paper analyzes the participation rates of legal immigrants in major welfare programs as well as several such proposals."

Americas↗