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At least 1,585 records · Page 88Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Effects of the sterilisation method on the wear of UHMWPE acetabular cups tested in a hip joint simulator.

Ultra-high molecular-weight-polyethylene is the most commonly used bearing material in total joint replacement. Wear of polyethylene is a Serious Clinical problem that limits the longevity of orthopaedic implants. Information on degradative changes in the material properties and on the methods used for the sterilisation of polyethylene may help in the selection process of orthopaedic implants with the best wear resistance. This study was performed to investigate the effects of the sterilisation method (gamma irradiation and ethylene oxide treatment) on the wear and on the changes in physical properties of polyethylene acetabular cups. At this purpose, gamma-sterilised and ethylene oxide (EtO)-sterilised acetabular cups were tested against CoCr femoral heads in a hip joint simulator run for 5 million cycles in bovine calf serum. The crystallinity of the cups was evaluated by micro-Raman spectroscopy as a function of the inner surface position. The partial least square calibration was used to correlate the Raman spectra with the crystallinity of the polymer measured by differential scanning calorimetry. The analysis performed on soak control acetabular cups demonstrated that the gamma-sterilised cups are significantly more crystalline than the EtO-sterilised ones. The mean crystallinity values obtained for the gamma-sterilised and EtO-sterilised soak control cups were 65.0% and 63.4%, respectively. Weight loss measurements revealed that the gamma-sterilised acetabular cups exhibited a lower wear rate than that by EtO-sterilised. Thc Raman results obtained on gamma-sterilised and EtO-sterilised acetabular cups showed that the changes in surface crystallinity were mainly caused by irradiation rather than by the mechanical friction during the in vitro tests.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nerve compression syndrome caused by synovial cyst of the hip joint].

Synovitis of the iliopectineal bursa have been described in pigmented villanodular synovitis, synovial chondromatosis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and necrosis of the femoral head. We report a case of enlargement of such a cyst in necrosis of femoral head and consecutive osteoarthritis, leading to entrapment of the femoral nerve. Simple drainage of the cyst did resolve pain for a short period and only elimination of the primum pathologicum agens did definitively release pain, irradiating to the ipsilateral leg.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1986

Uncemented two-component femoral prosthesis for the hip joint. A 50-month follow-up study.

The Monk Duopleet femoral interlocking uncemented two-component endoprosthesis consists of a polyethylene cup covered by a metal cap and an Austin-Moore type stem. Seventy-two patients (average age, 71 years) were treated by this arthroplasty: 27 for subcapital femoral neck fracture, 36 for osteoarthritis, and nine as an exchange operation. Three patients died following operation. After a mean follow-up time of 50 months, 47 patients were reexamined clinically and radiographically. Because of loosening, four patients had the prosthesis removed. Twenty-six patients were classified as excellent, 12 as good, six as fair, and three as poor. There were no cases of acetabular intrusion. The Monk Duopleet prosthesis may solve the problem of the loosening that had been associated with femoral component alone. The long-term results are promising and appear to be better than the results of the standard Moore prosthesis. The Monk Duopleet prosthesis is an alternative to other two-component endoprostheses for the treatment of subcapital hip fractures and in the group of patients suffering from osteoarthritis, where an arthroplasty with a cemented prosthesis may be considered hazardous because of age or general disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Flocking hip joint endoprosthesis].

The author indicates the similarity of a human tooth and an endoprosthesis in their action, which is the basis for developing a procedure of endoprosthesis and designing an endoprosthesis with dumping elements. The procedure has been developed during a long-term surgical experiment by examining the results by the following techniques: X-ray, bed testing, light and scanning electron microscope. Experimental results are convincing. For coating the prostheses, polytetrafluoroethylene velour is used in the experiment, but cauflene, the material of the same kind polytetrafluoroethylene, is employed in the clinical setting. The experiments yielded two inventions patented in the Russian Federation. This direction in their development seems to be fruitful in preventing the aseptic endoprosthetic instability that is the most common and severe complication after endoprosthesis and requires most frequently resurgery.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Imaging of hip joint cartilage and its significance for the intertrochanteric transposition osteotomies in coxarthrosis].

The purpose of the study was to examine the accuracy of MRI in distinguishing between the cartilage of the femoral head and the acetabulum in vivo. In 20 healthy and 41 arthrotic hips an MRI was performed, using a special traction on the hips. With T1-weighted 3-dimensional gradient-echo sequence it is possible to distinguish between the high-signal femoral head and acetabular cartilage by having a low signal of the joint space. In the horizontal position of the phase encoding parameters a reduction of the chemical-shift artefact can be achieved mainly in the ventro-lateral areas. In addition it is possible to discriminate between four qualities of cartilage. The extent and localisation of degenerative cartilage in the hip joint can influence the indication of osteotomies for the hip joint.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1994

[Implantation of 110 total hip joint endoprosthesis using the Zweymüller method].

The authors discuss in the submitted paper the advantages and disadvantages of cemented and non-cemented endoprostheses, type Zweymüller. They evaluate the medium-term results (one half to 5 years) after surgery in 92 patients from a total of 121 operations in 110 patients (11 bilateral). As to indications, the first place was held by so-called dysplastic coxarthroses, followed by post-traumatic coxarthroses and rheumatoid arthritis incl. the juvenile type. The results of these operations were after an average of 18.27 months following operation according to the DMS evaluation of Merle d'Aubigné and Postel excellent and good in 89%. The authors recorded a relatively small percentage of complications, associated in particular with the replacement of the acetabulum in three patients and the replacement of the femoral component in two patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

On the material and the tribology of alumina-alumina couplings for hip joint prostheses.

The yearly sphericity deviation ranged from 0.03 mu to 3.7 mm in 48 retrieved implants with alumina--alumina bearing balls and cups. Excessive amounts of wear are predominantly design dependent or caused by malalignment. But the abrasion phenomena occurring in the cup centers and in the corresponding ball areas are related to unfavorable function zones. The influence of the lubricating gap geometry as studied in laboratory tests shows the form of sphericity deviations to be of decisive importance for wear and friction, if extended over small angles. Then, the contact stresses attributable to the actual effective curvatures of the bearing exceed the resistance to abrasion of the material under boundary lubrication conditions. There are remarkable differences between the early and actual material quality. Based on the state of knowledge of material aspects of wear criteria for the optimization of material and design, promising tolerable wear rates may be achieved.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transient hip joint inflammation (coxitis fugax)].

The transient coxitis is the most common hip disease in the childhood. Etiology is unknown. Questioning the history you will often find an infection in the neck, nose, ear area. Clinical, radiological findings and serological testing are unspecific. In the arthrosonography normally you will find an effusion. The positive diagnosis of the transient coxitis is only possible by observing the mostly benign course of the disease. The treatment is bed rest and non weight bearing. The most important differential diagnosis is the Perthes disease. The principal aspects of the transient coxitis are described and discussed in literature and by own experience.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Paltrinieri-Trentani hip joint resurface arthroplasty.

The Paltrinieri-Trentani type of resurfacing the hip has been under clinical investigation for over 6 years. The prostheses consist of a metal cap, which is fitted to the head of the femur (no amputation of the neck and the head being required) and an acetabular cup made of high density polyethylene. Matched cups and caps are available in different sizes. The biomechanical preconditions upon which this hip resurfacing is based must be understood to successfully perform the operation. The series of patients reported here were aged between 32 and 70 years. The results after 6 years are 76% successful, and typical cases rate between 5 and 6 on the Charnley Scale; 12% rated between 3 and 4; 12% were failures owing either the fracture of the neck of the femur or to loosening of the femoral prosthesis. Further analysis of the cases demonstrated that: prostheses applied with the correct surgical technique gave satisfactory results; failures were attributable to errors of technique and indication.

Arthroplasty↗