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PubMed1987

[Physical rehabilitation of patients who have had a myocardial infarct--the polyclinic stage].

70 patients who had suffered myocardial infarction were treated for a period of two months by a rehabilitation program including domestic activity, remedial gymnastics and prescribed walking. The program was carried out in polyclinical and domestic conditions. The patients were classified into functional groups according to the classification of the New-York Cardiological Association. At the end of the rehabilitation treatment the number of patients in functional class II sharply increased, a slight increase was noted also in functional class I, but the number of patients in functional class III significantly decreased. The number of patients able to walk 5 km or more increased, too. Of the 70 patients treated by this rehabilitation program 62 (88.58%) fully restored their working capacity and the functional state of their cardiovascular system was classified as I or II functional class. The remaining 8 patients (11.42%) still needed polyclinical treatment. The authors' experience supports the need of a rehabilitation program for patients who had suffered myocardial infarction which has to be carried out in polyclinical conditions and will be direct continuation of the rehabilitation program carried out in the hospital or in the specialized sanatoria.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1986

Grade 4 spondylolisthesis. Two-stage therapeutic approach of anterior vertebrectomy and anterior-posterior fusion.

The authors present the case of a 23-year-old white woman gymnast with a nine-month history of severe low back pain, spasm and radiation of pain into the buttocks. When back pain had first begun, she was diagnosed elsewhere as having spondylolisthesis, grade unknown. She was started on conservative therapy which included bracing, flexion exercise, and anti-inflammatory and analgesic medication. There were periods of improvement followed by periods of relapse until two months prior to being seen by the authors, when back pain and spasm became constant. Physical examination and x-rays now revealed a Grade 4 spondylolisthesis with a spastic scoliosis from T-3 to T-6 (left) of 18 degrees and T-11 to L-2 (right) of 25 degrees. Surgery was decided on and the authors describe the surgical procedure, a combined anterior-posterior two-stage approach of anterior vertebrectomy with anterior fusion, followed by posterior stabilization and fusion. The patient has experienced complete pain relief, a return of good strength and good posture and an overall improvement in function. The authors recommend the two-stage procedure for high grade spondylolisthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Rehabilitative approach in osteoarticular pathology in the elderly].

Acute and chronic osteoarticular pathology is quickly reviewed. After a review of the most important orthopaedic operations, the most significant types of physical therapy that are most suitable for individual cases are described in detail. Finally it is pointed out that physical exercise is the most natural way to stimulated new bone growth and that medical gymnastics is important for the elderly and using menopause.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The National Football Head and Neck Injury Registry: 14-year report on cervical quadriplegia (1971-1984).

The specter of catastrophic cervical neurotrauma resulting from athletic participation, although infrequent, has been consistently associated with football, water sports, gymnastics, rugby, and ice hockey. Injury involving intracranial hemorrhage can result in death or permanent neurologic impairment, whereas certain fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine are associated with quadriplegia. Athletic injuries to both the central nervous system and spinal cord demand our attention as an active area of clinical and basic injury. A review of the available literature reveals changing injury patterns as well as current concepts regarding the mechanism responsible for most athletic injuries to these structures. Accurate descriptions of the mechanism(s) responsible for a particular injury transcend simple academic interest. In order that preventive measures be implemented, the manner in which injury occurs must be accurately defined. The purpose of this article is to describe how the application of this principle resulted in the significant reduction of cervical spine injuries associated with quadriplegia that have occurred in tackle football since 1976.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1986

Reconstruction and/or salvage of nipple projection.

A simple method of creating nipple projection in flattened nipple-areola complexes is presented. The results required, on average, 14 months of follow-up, with very good projection and general appearance in all patients. This technique eliminates the unnecessary surgical gymnastics of other methods when obtaining nipple projection.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Cardiac children surgically treated under deep hypothermia in the first months of life. Psychopedagogic evaluation].

A psychometric and behavioral evaluation was undertaken in the first 31 patients surviving after intracardiac repair during circulatory arrest and deep hypothermia in the first months of life. I.Q. in these patients were similar to those in normal children albeit that no extrasurgical pathological condition impaired the cerebral potential (dysmaturity). Graphic and spatial structuration problems were present in half the patients around age 5-6 years. These problems disappeared later on. Functional autonomy was decreased at the beginning of school. There was no school absenteism. Participation in gymnastics was normal. One third of patients participated in sports regularly.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of diet and exercise therapy on body weight, performance and lipid metabolism of post-infarct patients during a 4-week rehabilitation program].

From a total of 130 male patients following myocardial infarction a symptom-limited stress cycling ergometer was carried out at the beginning as well as at the end of a 4-week rehabilitation, as well as controls of body weight, the Broca-Index, and Triglyzeride, Cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol and VLDL-Cholesterol fractions. With regard to the Broca-Index, the patients received respectively a 1600 Kcal normal diet (Broca-Index 1.00, n = 34), a 1100 Kcal reductional diet (Broca-Index 1.20, n = 67) and a 600 Kcal reductional diet (Broca-Index 1.32, n = 29). During the whole duration of their stay, the patients underwent a program of physical exercise related to their personal physical performance, which consisted of gymnastic, cycle training, swimming (facultative) and physical training. The improvements of the physical performance were statistically significant, and consisted of 19.4% (normal diet), 18.2% (1100 Kcal diet), namely 11.3% in the 600 Kcal diet group. Weight, Broca-Index and parameters of fat-metabolism remained unchanged under a normal diet. In both reductional diet groups a significant reduction of weight and Broca-Index as well as all blood-fat-metabolism parameters were noted, with the exception of the HDL-Cholesterol fraction, which remained unchanged. Statistical significant correlations between weight reduction, namely increases of physical performance and parameters of blood-fat-metabolism were only noted in cases of a 600 Kcal diet. The noted changes in weight, physical performance and blood-fat-metabolism can be considered as a reduction of the cardiovascular risk profile.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1985

Athletic injuries of the wrist.

The wrist is at risk for injury in many athletic endeavors, often in acute falls or dorsiflexion injuries and at other times from repetitive stress involved with fitness routines or specific motions called for in the sport. Dorsiflexion accounts for most wrist problems giving rise to compression injuries dorsally such as scaphoid impaction, triquetrohamate impaction, and occult ganglions. These are seen most often in weight lifters, gymnasts, and push-up enthusiasts. Tension injuries occur on the palmar aspect of the wrist with disruption or attenuation of the supporting ligaments or interosseous membranes. This provides scapholunate tears, scapholunate dissociation, lunatotriquetral, midcarpal instability problems, and so forth, which are generally the result of single energetic injuries commonly associated with contact sports. Distal radioulnar injuries include chondromalacia of the ulnar head, ulnar head subluxation, and ulnocarpal impingements with tears of the triangular fibrocartilage. Forceful rotational injuries are generally associated with the former and stressful ulnar deviation with the latter, where tennis players and baseball batters are at risk. Fracture of the hook of the hamate and pisotriquetral chondromalacia are common in sports requiring holding a club, handle, or bat. Precise, early diagnosis affords the best chance for successful treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Physical training program in the long-term care of children with bronchial asthma. A concept].

The planning of future training programs for children with asthma should be based on existent practical experience plus the results of the scarce relevant literature. Participation can be limited to patients with moderate to severe airway hyperreactivity; training programs should ideally follow after pharmacological stabilization of airway reactivity, thereby supporting reintegration into age-related normal physical activity and school sports. There are several pathophysiological similarities between allergen- and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction; this indicates the risk of an exercise-induced increase in bronchial reactivity and underlines the necessity for future assessment of reactivity before and after exercise training programs. Carefully controlled premedication should protect the patients against exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and the risk of a possible subsequent increase in airway reactivity. Exercise programs should be planned and conducted by a team, consisting of a physiotherapist, a physician and a physical education teacher; they should offer physical training and treatment of secondary handicaps, and should ideally offer an initial less asthmogenic swimming course and a follow-up program of gymnastics, sports, and group games.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1985

The National Football Head and Neck Injury Registry. 14-year report on cervical quadriplegia, 1971 through 1984.

Data on cervical spine injuries resulting from participation in football have been compiled by a national registry. Analysis of epidemiologic data and cinematographic documentation clearly demonstrated that the majority of cervical fractures and dislocations were due to axial loading. On the basis of this observation, rule changes banning both deliberate "spearing" and the use of the top of the helmet as the initial point of contact in making a tackle were implemented at the high school and college level. Subsequently, a marked decrease in cervical spine injury rates has occurred. The occurrence of permanent cervical quadriplegia decreased from 34 in 1976 to five in the 1984 season. It is suggested that axial loading of the cervical spine is also responsible for the catastrophic injuries in diving, rugby, ice hockey, and gymnastics. Implementation of appropriate changes in playing techniques and/or equipment modifications could possibly reduce the incidence of cervical spine injuries in these activities.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Auditory reaction time, a maturation index in the athletic child?].

Auditive reaction time (A.R.T.) measured with a chronoscope, is a simple way of estimating sensorimotor qualities. It is one of the tests we use to evaluate the physical aptitude of sportsmen. It has been shown that A.R.T. decreases with chronological age up to the end of puberty. In the present study, regular check ups were realized in control children and in different groups of children practising sports. A.R.T. was plotted against the chronological age to obtain curves similar to the height curves and weight curves used in pediatrics. We confirmed the above mentioned relation. A.R.T. curves were not linear but decreasing asymptotic. Some groups of children (gymnasts, ice-skaters) presented a delay in skeletal maturation as compared with the chronological age. This delay was sometimes considerable. Therefore, we sought for a correlation between A.R.T. and bone age. A better correlation than that obtained between A.R.T. and chronological age would allow a more accurate evaluation of the physical aptitudes of such children, since a delayed maturation can lead to an erroneous estimation of their sports qualities. If correlated, A.R.T. could become an index to be used in the evaluation of the maturation and of the somatic development in children. Our results show that A.R.T., a reflection of central nervous system maturation, was in fact more related to chronological age - i.e. to lifespan and psychomotor experience - than to bone age - i.e. to biological and endocrine maturation. This shows, once more, that maturation is not a homogeneous process.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of the psychologic evaluation of herniated disk patients. Personality structure and life status in relation to course].

32 patients with lumbar disc herniation were assessed by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and a psychiatric interview. After 1-2 years the final result was analysed. The MMPI profiles of the two groups with good or moderate to bad final result did not differ significantly and were within the normal range. The psychiatric evaluation showed in the majority of cases unusual personality factors. 23 of the 32 patients were in a critical life situation, so that it seems, that also in a disease with well known structural lesions, psychological factors may play a part in manifestation. The duration of the case history was markedly shorter in the group with moderate final result. After 1-2 years all patients except 1 were able to work or were retired. Gymnastics and sport were performed regularly only by about 1/3 of all patients.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1979

[The influence of sports injuries on sport participation and work].

The incidence and complications of sport injuries in athletics, basketball, gymnastics, hockey, netball, cricket, tennis and soccer were analysed from questionnaire responses of 239 sport participants in Pretoria. Lower limb injuries were most common (73%). Torn tendomuscular organs represented 29,3% of the total number of injuries; sprains, strains and dislocations 35,9%; and fractures 20,5%. Medical treatment was sought by 62,8% of the patients. A total of 60,7% of the subjects was advised to suspend further participation in sport, but 30,6% failed to do so and more than half of these again sustained injuries. Those who were booked off from work totalled 18,0%, but a further 4,5% stayed away from work voluntarily.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1968

[Multifactor analysis of psychologic conditions in children with infantile cerebral palsies during rehabilitation].

Analysis was performed of the multiple factors influencing the mental state of children with cerebral palsy during the course of their rehabilitation. The clinical material consisted of 45 cases. The analysed factors were found to be positive or negative. Special stress is put on adequate affective relations between a disabled child and his or her mother. The role of such factors as surgical intervention, rehabilitational gymnastics, psychopaedagogic treatment and occupational therapy are discussed in their relation to the gravity of the disease, the degree of mental deficiency and affective disturbances.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1982

[The strain of physiotherapeutical treatment in elderly patients (author's transl)].

The strain of physiotherapeutical treatment in elderly patients depends on their age, their disease and on the type of the physiotherapy chosen. A survey carried out on 296 patients primarily suffering from heart circulation disease in the preclinical and clinical stage has shown that in case of elderly patients one generally must reckon with a latent heart and circulation disease. The risk of complications arising as result of the physiotherapy with respect to the heart and circulation system can be reduced by a thorough diagnosis. The relative intensity of the exercise employed should be on the low side. The risk particularly rises if the performance exceeds 80% of the maximal physical endurability involving the ergometer and gymnastical training with an average increase of the heart frequency over 120/min., swimming in cool water, balneotherapy in the full bath and exercises using mainly extensive isometrical actions.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Physical training and sports exercises within the framework of an early rehabilitation programme at a health resort (author's transl)].

The article reports on early rehabilitation measures carried out at a health resort on nearly 4000 patients with signs of "wear and tear", degenerative and other changes of the musculo-skeletal system as well as insufficiencies of cardiovascular system. Provided the preliminary diagnostic examinations are carried out and medical supervision ensured physical training and sports become increasingly important as integral parts of an active treatment plan including natural healing methods. Sport-physiological experiences have, however, shown that a real and measurable positive training effect can only be achieved if these components are administered in the correct dosages. This holds particularly true if a wide spectrum of gymnastic and sports exercises is offered - primarily in groups and under professional supervision - which are not only intended to increase physical capacity, but also respond to individual inclinations. Thus, in addition to its therapeutic value, early rehabilitation at a health resort can provide the feeling of achievement appropriate to give the rehabilitees new impulses at home. As a consequence, these programmes make a positive contribution to the well-being of the general public.

Balneology↗
PubMed1984

Oligomenorrhoea and amenorrhoea associated with exercise. A literature review.

Increasing numbers of women are embarking on more strenuous and constant exercise; their menstrual patterns are changing as a result. This review of the literature indicates that oligomenorrhoea and amenorrhoea in the physically active (particularly distance runners, gymnasts, ballet dancers and swimmers) are related to each woman's physiological and psychological makeup.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Complex conservative treatment of patients with chronic vertebral-basilar insufficiency against a background of cervical osteochondrosis].

The paper contains a description, concerning medicative treatment of 55 patients with chronic vertebro-basilar deficiency in cervical osteochondrosis. The purpose of this study was to remove irritation of the spinal plexus, insufficiency of the cerebral blood flow and secondary astheno-depressive conditions. The following measures were applied: physiotherapy (influences of sinusoidal modulated currents on the cervical part of the spine, massage), special medical gymnastics, drugs (vitamins of the B group, biogenic stimuli, spasmolytical and antihistamine drugs, tranquilizers) and psychotherapy. A comprehensive treatment leads to a steady improvment in 91% of the treated patients, and according to the REG data, to an activization of the blood supply in the zone of vascularization by spinal arteries, especially in the hemispheres with the largest initial blood repletion deficit.

Adult↗