Policies and strategies. Bangladesh.
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The author discusses ways to avoid problems of overpopulation in rural areas of Java. "Three solutions are taken into consideration: the reduction of the birth rate,...transmigration and the industrialisation of the island." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
"Explanation of demographic imbalance between Java and the socalled 'Outer-Islands' has been numerous for almost two centuries. Authors generally considered that the great density of population was a direct consequence of the high fertility of Javanese soils. Some of them, however, connected it with an early economical 'take-off'. But none of these analyses can explain why marginally suitable regions from an agricultural point of view were overcrowded especially when their economical development was low. We propose another explanation scheme on an historical basis." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
The author analyzes the relationship between population and the environment, with a focus on "the role which environmental degradation and natural resources depletion may play in producing the...population pressure which lies behind such degradation and depletion especially in developing countries.... The principal conclusion of this analysis is that the possibilities for a stable equilibrium between human population and its environment are quite limited....I show that parental altruism toward their children can only make matters worse, if socially unchecked, by leading to an increase of the birthrate in every environmental state in comparison with that which would occur in its absence."
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This is a general historical review of global migration trends in the modern era. "The emigration to the New Worlds was in large part due to the demographic pressure within the European continent from the eighteenth century onwards. Up until the thirties a 'Europeanisation' of the planet took place. From this time onwards, migratory movements have tended to reverse, and Europe, as well as East Asian countries with low birth rates, have in turn become territories of immigration." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
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