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At least 1,567 records · Page 87Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Influence of intravenous steroid administration on kidney function].

The acute renal response to 1,0 g Prednisolon i.v. in kidney transplant recipients and normal controls was investigated. The results indicate an acute suppression of glomerular filtration rate (CIN, CCR) and effective plasma flow (CPAH). The reabsorption of sodium in the proximal tubule was shown to be impaired as a direct effect of the steroid infusion, as well as there was an increase in the filtered fraction of potassium. The creatinine clearance under treatment of high doses of steroids does not reflect the actual changes in glomerular filtration rate

Aminohippuric Acids↗
PubMed1983

Kidney function in lithium-treated patients. A literature survey.

UNLABELLED: Twenty-three studies of the effect of lithium treatment on tubular and glomerular function are reviewed. They include about 1,450 patients from a total population of more than 2,000. One hundred and thirty-two patients were kidney biopsied. In addition, two specific questions are reviewed: 1) Does combined treatment lithium/neuroleptics affect the kidneys adversely? 2) Do different lithium preparations or treatment schedules affect the kidneys differently? CONCLUSIONS: In a small proportion of patients long-term lithium treatment causes morphological changes of a tubulointerstitial type and partly irreversible reduction of tubular function. Glomerular function is reduced secondary to tubular atrophy. Combined treatment with neuroleptics does not increase the risk of kidney damage. Types of lithium preparation do not affect kidneys differently. Multiple-dose schedules may be associated with a higher urinary output than one-dose schedule. Reduced renal function may in the future become a problem in an increasing number of patients.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed2005

Effect of pregnancy on long-term kidney function in renal transplant recipients treated with cyclosporine and with azathioprine.

In order to investigate the effect of different immunosuppressive regimens and the time interval between transplantation and pregnancy on long-term outcome, we performed a case-control study in pregnant renal allograft recipients. Eighty-one pregnancies of kidney transplanted recipients were identified [cyclosporine (CYA): n = 40; azathioprine (AZA): n = 41]. Controls were matched with respect to important prognostic factors. Posttransplant follow-up was 91.3 +/- 5 months. Graft and patient survival were similar in both groups and there was no apparent effect of immunosuppression. A total of 28 recipients (33%) delivered within 2 years and 6 (8%) subjects within 1 year after transplantation, but these short transplantation-to-pregnancy intervals had no apparent adverse effect on long-term outcome. In contrast to AZA-treated patients, CYA-treated patients experienced an increase in serum creatinine postpartum (1.15 +/- 0.2 mg/dL vs. 1.61 +/- 0.1 mg/dL; p < 0.05). Whole blood CYA levels decreased transiently during pregnancy from 115.9 +/- 8 ng/mL to 80.7 +/- 7 ng/mL leading to a gradual increase in drug dose from 240 +/- 14 mg/day to 324 +/- 21 mg/day (p < 0.05). Following delivery, there was an increase in CYA concentrations to 173 +/- 5.4 ng/mL, requiring rapid dose tapering to baseline of 246 +/- 15 mg/day. Pregnancies in renal recipients do not affect long-term patient and graft survival, independent of the immunosuppression. No detrimental effect of short transplantation-to-pregnancy intervals on long-term graft function was detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Malignant hypertension. Recovery of kidney function after renal allograft failure.

A 28-year old patient with malignant hypertension developed endstage renal failure necessitating chronic maintenance hemodialysis for seven months and transplantation of a renal allograft that was rejected within a month. After this, with continued control of the hypertension, the patient's own kidneys gradually resumed function and achieved anendogenous creatinine clearance of 30 ml/min. She has not required further dialysis for more than nine months. Recovery of sufficient renal function to maintain homeostasis, one year after onset of uremia, indicates the prolonged antihypertensive treatment period that may be necessary to reverse the renal arteriolar changes associated with malignant hypertension. This experience further underlines the necessity of moderation in the use of nephrectomy in the management of severe hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of the disorder in the composition of the internal medium and kidney function of vertebrate animals after cisplatin administration].

In rats, 5 days after injection of cisplatin (5 mg/kg of body weight) the urea content of the blood serum significantly increased; in pigeons, elevation of the uric acid was observed. No significant changes were found in the blood serum of the frog Rana temporaria even after injection of 40 mg/kg of cisplatin. In the black sculpin Myoxocephalus scorpius, injections of 50 mg/kg of cisplatin resulted in hypermagnesemia. Swelling of the kidney and changes in its electrolyte content were observed in rats, pigeons, and frogs, the wet weight of the kidney increased in rats and pigeons. In all the animals, accumulation of platinum in the kidney was observed, its content being dependent on the injected dose. The data obtained reveal lower sensitivity of the kidney in cold blood vertebrates to toxic effect of cisplatin and demonstrate that the pattern of disturbances in composition of the blood serum is related to the extent of the excretory function of the kidney within the species.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Kidney function in calves in the neonatal period. I. Studies of the capacity to store electrolytes Na, K, Cl, Ca, Mg and Pn].

The capability of the kidneys of 12 bull-calves at the age of 7-35 days of life to save electrolytes Na, K, Cl, Ca, Mg, Pn were examined. The examinations were made with the clearance methods using inulin as the indicator of the glomerular filtration of plasma. It was proved, that as the calves grow and develop, there arise changes in the glomerular filtration, tubular resorption and in the excretion of the examined minerals in urine. There was observed, at the same time, the relatively stabile level of these electrolytes in blood. It shows the functional development of the calves kidneys and the fact, that in the proper environmental conditions and particularly at the proper feeding, the kidneys are able to maintain the favorable, from the point of view of the internal balance and the needs of the developing organism, level of the electrolytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effects of antihypertensive therapy on kidney function in diabetic patients.

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major long term complications responsible for mortality in diabetes mellitus. While strict metabolic control of diabetes probably has a positive influence on kidney disease, most evidence supports the view that the process leading to end-stage renal failure has become independent of the metabolic disturbances of diabetes, and that haemodynamic factors in established nephropathy have become the predominant causes of progression of renal damage. In particular, increased intraglomerular pressure is thought to play a crucial part in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, drugs that can reduce intraglomerular pressure are of interest in treatment of hypertension in diabetic patients. The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have been shown to reduce intraglomerular pressure in animal studies, and the use of these drugs to treat insulin-dependent diabetics with hypertension has produced a reduction in the rate of decline of glomerular filtration rate. Although some beta-blockers can also have beneficial effects on renal function, they may produce unwanted metabolic effects. Thus the ACE inhibitors seem to be the most suitable antihypertensive drugs for diabetic patients.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1995

Effects of cicletanine on kidney function. 2. Role of renal prostaglandins and kinins, and of muscarinic receptors.

We report the effect of the prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors indomethacin and meclofenamate, of the ACE-inhibitor captopril and of the muscarinic receptor antagonist methyl-scopolamine on the renal action of cicletanine (20-30 mg/kg i.v.) in anesthetized rats. Methylscopolamine, at doses ranging from 60 to 600 micrograms/kg i.v., did not at all affect cicletanine's action on the kidney's excretory function. Captopril (20 mg/kg i.v.) induced by its own a small rise of urine flow, and of urinary sodium and chloride excretion. The drug enhanced the effect of cicletanine on urine flow and sodium excretion by an additive effect. In the presence of captopril, and also of indomethacin (5 mg/kg i.v.) and meclofenamate (5 mg/kg i.v.), but not with control conditions, cicletanine significantly enhanced glomerular filtration rate and p-animohippurate clearance. Despite the fact that renal hemodynamics improved, the prostaglandin inhibitors nearly completely abolished cicletanine's effect on urinary fluid and electrolyte excretion. The results suggest that muscarinic receptors are not involved in the diuretic response to cicletanine. Cicletanine's diuretic and saluretic action may be related to a stimulation of renal prostaglandin synthesis. An enhanced prostaglandin production, and an activated reninangiotensin system, may also mask a direct vasodilating effect of cicletanine on the renal vasculature in the rat.

Animals↗