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PubMedDate not supplied

Fetal research under fire: the influence of abortion politics.

Since 1973, fetal research has repeatedly been used as a weapon in the war against abortion, miring important research in seemingly endless controversy. Government funding of fetal research has been suspended several times: A 1974 moratorium was lifted in 1975 after regulations concerning such research were promulgated; in 1985, a moratorium was placed on some federally funded fetal research; and in 1988, the assistant secretary for health halted all federally funded research on fetal tissue transplantation while an outside advisory panel examined related ethical, legal and scientific issues. The panel deemed such research acceptable, while also recommending that safeguards be established to separate abortion from transplantation research and to prevent profiteering from or encouragement of abortion. Although the report was forwarded to the assistant secretary in January, the moratorium has not yet been lifted by the new administration.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1993

Moral reasoning and political conflict: the abortion controversy.

We argue that the abortion controversy has one major source--religion--and two less important ones--attitudes towards sexual permissiveness and women's employment. Traditional Christianity promotes opposition to abortion using three distinct modes of moral reasoning: through deductive moral reasoning, by the Christian world view's implication that abortion violates the sanctity of life and is a rebellion against God's design; through authoritative moral reasoning by appeal to Catholic dogma; and through consequentialist moral reasoning, as a means of control over sexuality and as a means of confining women's activities to the home. Even aside from Christian belief, adherence to traditional morality promotes opposition to abortion on these consequentialist grounds. We posit a model in which religious belief, anti-feminism, sexual permissiveness, and attitudes towards abortion are distinct concepts (a four-factor model) rather than all simply aspects of a single conservatism factor. We develop reliable, multiple item attitude scales; show that our four-factor model fits the data much better than the one-factor alternative; and test our hypotheses on new data from a large, representative national sample of Australia (N = 4540). Using maximum likelihood structural equation methods, we find that deductive reasoning from Christian belief is the most important source of opposition to abortion, with strong effects both direct and indirect. Exposure to the authority of the Catholic hierarchy is a real but weaker source of opposition. Consequentialist reasoning from traditional moral views on sex--partly buttressed by religion, partly independent of it--is also influential. But views on women's employment matter only a little, contrary to received wisdom.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1990

Politics.

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Physician's Role↗