SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “OSTEOSCLEROSIS”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Radiographic findings of osteoarthritis versus arthroscopic findings of articular cartilage degeneration in the tibiofemoral joint.
PURPOSE: To retrospectively correlate radiographic findings of osteoarthritis of the tibiofemoral joint with arthroscopic findings of articular cartilage degeneration within the tibiofemoral joint in patients with chronic knee pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed in compliance with HIPAA regulations. Approval from an institutional review board and a waiver of informed consent were obtained. The study group consisted of 125 patients with osteoarthritis of the tibiofemoral joint (66 men, 59 women; age range, 35-77 years; average age, 52 years) and 25 patients of similar age (14 men, 11 women; age range, 36-69 years; average age, 50 years) with no osteoarthritis of the tibiofemoral joint. All patients underwent standing anteroposterior radiography of the knee prior to arthroscopic knee surgery. Each articular surface of the tibiofemoral joint was graded at arthroscopy. Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed the knee radiographs to determine the presence of marginal osteophytes, joint space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis, and subchondral cysts. The sensitivity and specificity of the radiographic features of osteoarthritis for the detection of articular cartilage degeneration within the medial and lateral compartments of the tibiofemoral joint were determined. RESULTS: The sensitivity of marginal osteophytes, joint space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis, and subchondral cysts for the detection of articular cartilage degeneration was 67%, 46%, 16%, and 10%, respectively, for the medial compartment and 49%, 7%, 6%, and 3%, respectively, for the lateral compartment. The specificity of marginal osteophytes, joint space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis, and subchondral cysts for the detection of articular cartilage degeneration was 73%, 95%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, for the medial compartment and 81%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, for the lateral compartment. CONCLUSION: Marginal osteophytes were the most sensitive radiographic feature for the detection of osteoarthritis of the tibiofemoral joint. Joint space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis, and subchondral cysts were less sensitive radiographic features of osteoarthritis and rarely occurred in the absence of associated osteophyte formation.
Lipid granulomatosis of the ribs: focal Erdheim-Chester disease.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Severe sclerosis of the long bodies in sickle cell anemia.
In reviewing the radiographs of 102 patients with known sickle cell anemia, a 7% incidence (seven patients) of severe long-bone sclerosis was found. Of the affected patients 50% had homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease and 50% had sickle cell-hemoglobin C (SC) or S-thalassemia disease. No distinguishing radiographic features were found between these two groups. Those patients with SS disease and long-bone sclerosis were younger, had lower hemoglobin levels, and many more hospital admissions than those with SC or S-thalassemia disease and long-bone sclerosis. A review of the medical charts of these osteosclerotic patients with SS disease showed a probable positive correlation between infarctive episodes and hospital admissions in these patients. Therefore, patients with SS disease and severe long-bone sclerosis are seen much more frequently by the radiologist than those with SC or S-thalassemia and long-bone changes. These observations help negate any impression that severe long-bone sclerosis occurs frequently in and has a predilection for patients with homozygous SS disease.
Erdheim-Chester disease: a distinct lipoidosis or part of the spectrum of histiocytosis?
Erdheim-Chester disease has always been considered a distinct lipoidosis based on clinical and radiographic criteria. Pathologically, it has been indistinguishable from Hand-Schüller-Christian disease. Analysis of the 15 reported cases lends some doubt as to the diagnostic criteria. A new case is presented that strongly suggests that Erdheim-Chester disease is actually part of the spectrum of the histiocytoses.
Massive osteoarticular knee allografts: structural changes evaluated with CT.
PURPOSE: To analyze the structural changes seen at computed tomography (CT), particularly the findings that precede insufficiency (fatigue) fractures in massive osteoarticular knee allografts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subchondral and cancellous bone of 12 allografts were retrospectively evaluated with repeat transaxial CT (mean follow-up, 53 months). RESULTS: Early cortical graft resorption was followed by slow thickening after 6 months. Formation of resorptive cysts increased the cortical irregularity, which leveled off after 2 years. Late remodeling was evident as a subcortical sclerotic rim, "neocortex." Initially, the cancellous graft bone showed higher attenuation than the host bone; this difference subsided gradually during the first 3 years. Four insufficiency fractures were detected after the 1st postoperative year. Poor remodeling preceded these fractures. CONCLUSION: CT effectively depicted the structural changes during allograft incorporation and was superior to plain radiography for the detection of insufficiency fractures. The use of CT for follow-up of massive osteoarticular knee allografts provides additional information concerning the readiness of the graft for weight bearing.
Nephrotic syndrome and amyloid A amyloidosis in a patient with Erdheim-Chester disease.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Calvarial sclerosing osteomyelitis.
We report a 15-year-old boy who suffered from calvarial sclerosing osteomyelitis and presented with painful head swelling. X-rays of the skull revealed areas of irregular radiolucency. MR imaging and CT showed a well-demarcated intradiploic lesion with thickening of the skull extending from the frontal to the parietal calvarium with a low signal on T1-weighted images, strong but heterogeneous enhancement after gadolinium application and a mixed signal on T2-weighted images. Computer-navigated neurosurgery was planned, and the craniotomy defect was reconstructed by a preformed titanium implant. Sclerosing osteomyelitis of the calvarium has to be included in the differential diagnosis of osteolytic and sclerosing lesions of the skull coinciding with persistent swelling of the head.
Syndactyly/brachyphalangy and nail dysplasias as marker lesions for sclerosteosis.
Sclerosteosis describes an autosomal recessive form of hyperostosis corticalis generalisata (MIM 239100). Sclerosteosis is primarily a disorder of osteoblast hyperactivity and metabolic abnormalities are not present. Besides generalized bone changes the presence of asymmetric cutaneous syndactyly of the index and middle fingers is characteristic. In many cases this syndactyly is associated with nail dysplasia and therefore dermatologists should recognize this clinical finding as a possible marker of this entity. We report on a 36-year-old female of Greek origin who had had finger and nail dysplasias and facial asymmetry since birth. The patient was hospitalized on the Neurology ward because of increasing spastic and ataxic gait disturbances. Physical examination revealed numerous neurological problems resulting from bony compression of nerves. Furthermore the patient had remarkably deformed fingers with hypoplasia of the second finger on both sides. The nails were dysplastic, especially on both index fingers. All laboratory results concerning metabolic diseases were normal. It has been shown that sclerosteosis is clinically and radiographically very similar to van Buchem disease. Through a genome-wide search with a highly polymorphic microsatellite the gene responsible for van Buchem disease has been mapped to 17q12-q21, and Balemans et al. (1999) assigned the locus for sclerosteosis to the same region providing genetic support for the hypothesis of allelism. Dermatologists should be able to interpret such syndactyly associated with nail deformities as a possible hint for the diagnosis of sclerosteosis in patients with hyperostotic features.
Response of vertebral cartilage and bone to hormonal imbalances produced by anterior hypophyseal hormones and hypothyroidism.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Diagnostic significance of bone marrow biopsy in chronic renal disease.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Trisomy 1q and loss of Y chromosome in a male with osteomyelosclerosis.
The results of a cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood cells in a 61-year-old male with histopathologically documented osteomyelosclerosis, hepatosplenomegaly, ascites and anemia are described. The karyotype 46,X,-Y +1 p22----qter, without Ph1-chromosome, was observed in all unstimulated and in most PHA-stimulated cells. The patient had not received cytostatic or radiation therapy, thus the marker 1q + could not have resulted from such clastogenic treatments.
Melphalan-induced pulmonary fibrosis in osteosclerotic myeloma.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
[Cytochemical findings in terminal blastic crisis in osteomyelosclerosis].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Surgical and histological findings of the stapes associated with Van der Hoeve syndrome in a Japanese boy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Classification of myeloproliferative disorders by bone marrow histology.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Malleus fixation: clinical and histopathologic findings.
The goals of this study were to review important clinical and histopathologic features of malleus fixation. Ten clinical cases and 10 histopathologic cases of malleus fixation were identified. For the clinical cases, preoperative clinical data, surgical findings, and preoperative and postoperative audiometric findings were reviewed. Ninety percent of the clinical cases achieved significant reduction of the air-bone gap after operation. Two thirds of these cases had an air-bone gap of 10 dB or less, and the remainder had air-bone gaps between 20 and 28 dB after operation. For the temporal bone cases, clinical data, histopathologic findings, and other otologic diagnoses were reviewed. Malleus fixation can be idiopathic or a result of trauma, chronic otitis media, or developmental anomalies. It is a cause of hearing loss that is likely to be more common than the number of diagnoses would indicate. Certain audiometric findings may lead one to suspect the diagnosis. The surgical approach used depends on the individual anatomy, and surgery is usually highly effective in improving hearing.