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PubMedDate not supplied

[Bases for control of arthropod vectors: I--Definitions, bioecology of vectors (author's transl)].

Arthropoda form the most diversified and multitudinous phyllum of the animal kingdom. In this "arthropod world", the authors give the respective position of the arthropoda: a) detrimental to crops, b) venomous and noxious for human being, but mainly those who are vectors of human diseases, say about a hundred species. Biological, ecological and environmental main features of the most important arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases are reviewed. Various factors acting on the relation between pathological agent and vector and between vector and man are considered. Importance and complexity of entomological surveys are emphasized with, as a consequence, the necessity of specialized medical entomologists to manage them.

Acari↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vectors of the filaria Thamugadia ivaschkini (Splendidofilariidae) in the southern Turkmen SSR].

1903 specimens of sandflies and mosquitoes were examined for their spontaneous infection with larvae of Thamugadia ivaschkini. The experimental infection of sandflies and mosquitoes was conducted on infected lizards. It has been established that the vectors of this filaria in the south of Turkmenia are sandflies of the genus Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia arpaclensis. The development of the helminth carries out in thoracic muscles of sandflies, the first infective larvae appear in 7 to 17 days after the infection of vectors.

Aedes↗
PubMed1976

National surveillance of vectors and animal reservoirs.

In carrying out the national surveillance of vectors and animal reservoirs in Czechoslovakia the theory of the natural focus infections has been taken into account. In order to achieve a successful surveillance, besides studying the distribution of vectors and vertebrate hosts, the greatest emphasis has been put on the compilation of important data concerning their ecology, ethology and phenology. The author refers to some of the practical rsults of the national surveillance programme in Czechoslovakia.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Expression of simian virus 40 T antigen in insect cells using a baculovirus expression vector.

Simian virus 40 (SV40) large T and small t antigens were synthesized in insect cells using the baculovirus Autographa californica as an expression vector. A recombinant virus containing a genomic copy of the SV40 early region expressed high levels of small t antigen but only low levels of large T antigen. However, very high levels of T antigen synthesis were observed when viruses were constructed with a cDNA copy of the large T antigen mRNA. Insect cells were capable of modifying T antigen by phosphorylation, palmitylation, glycosylation, and oligomerization. Functional assays demonstrated that the origin-specific DNA binding, ATPase, and helicase activities of insect cell-derived T antigen were comparable to T antigen synthesized in mammalian cells. Use of the baculovirus vector system to produce T antigen should facilitate future investigations requiring large quantities of T antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[The role of insects (Blattodea, Diptera, and Hymenoptera) as possible mechanical vectors of helminths in the domiciliary and peridomiciliary environment].

Helminths can be transmitted to human beings in several ways, but little attention has been given to vector or mechanical transmission of infective forms by insects. The present study surveys the helminth species present in three orders of insects that coexist in proximity with the human environment. A total of 700 insects (54 Blattodea, 275 Diptera, and 371 Hymenoptera) were collected and examined externally and individually. In the Blattodea order, only specimens of Periplaneta americana were collected, and 58.3% were carrying the following helminth forms: Oxyuridae eggs (36.4%), Ascaridae eggs (28.04%), Nematoda larvae (4.8%), Cestoda eggs (3.5%), other Nematoda (0.08%), and Toxocaridae eggs (0.08%). No Diptera and Hymenoptera were found to contain parasitic forms. This study evaluates the importance and role of insects as mechanical vectors of helminth parasites, correlated with social and environmental conditions, and suggests the use of these data for preventive purposes.

Animals↗