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PubMedDate not supplied

[Morphological changes in the stomach and duodenum in chronic liver diseases of HB viral etiology].

Morphologic investigation of 72 gastroduodenal biopsy samples from 29 children with chronic persistent and chronic active hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis, revealed signs of chronic gastroduodenitis. The degree of the gastroduodenal zone lesion was directly related to severity of the primary condition. Comparative data on histopathological changes in the stomach and duodenum in concurrent pathologies suggest that chronic duodenitis may be the primary condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[State of the mucus-producing apparatus of the stomach and duodenum in children with gastroduodenal pathology (lectin histochemistry].

Histochemical investigation of 228 mucosal biopsies from the stomach and duodenum of 57 children suffering from chronic gastroduodenitis and duodenal ulcer used the set of lectins PNA, WGA, SNA, LAL. In children with acute inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach antrum and duodenal bulb, redistribution of lectin receptors in the epithelium and mucus-producing glands was revealed to be similar to that in patients with duodenal ulcer. The above disorders of mucus production indicate the appearance of functional overloading of these structures and changes in the chemical composition of the mucus produced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Modulation of non-adrenergic non-cholinergic inhibitory transmission in rat duodenum: role of opiates and 5-hydroxytryptamine.

In rat duodenal segments in vitro, electrical field stimulation induced a TTX-sensitive relaxation in the presence of atropine and guanethidine. A correlation between the amplitude of the evoked response and stimulus frequency was observed. Opioid peptides DAGO, DPDPE and DYN caused a dose-dependent increase in the amplitude of the response to EFS. Naloxone shifted to the right the dose-response curves for each opioid peptide significantly enhancing the ED50 values. The amplitude of the response to EFS was enhanced, dose-dependently, also in the presence of 5-HT. Such an effect induced by 5-HT was prevented by 5-HT receptor desensitization, but persisted unchanged after naloxone pretreatment. Opioids failed to affect the response to EFS after 5-HT receptor desensitization. Results suggest that in rat duodenum opioids modulate NANC inhibitory neurotransmission, indirectly the release of 5-HT.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1975

[Effects of cocaine on calcium exchange studied in rat duodenum].

On rat duodenum, previously decalcified, cocaine enhances notably the increase of the tonus brought about by an addition of Ca ions. Similarly, cocaine enhances the fall of tonus which follows the decalcification of an organ immersed initially in normal Tyrode. This effect of cocaine on Ca2+ exchanges may be put forward as an explanation of the well known sensitizing effect of this alcaloid towards several agonists especially noradrenaline and other sympathomimetic amines.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arrangement of the collagen and elastic fibers in the upper human duodenum.

The arrangement of the elastic and collagen fibers in the upper human duodenum was examined. These fibers lie parallel to the muscle fibers in the tunica muscularis. In the submucosa they form a pantographic network arrangement, the cross-over angles of which increase in the oro-aboral direction. The collagen and elastic fibers show a polar orientation among the muscle fibers.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Villous tumors of the duodenum.

Villous tumors of the duodenum are extremely rare, only 41 cases having been described in the world literature. Modes of presentation were: gastrointestinal bleeding (11 cases); obstructive jaundice (9 cases); duodenal obstruction (10 cases); vague abdominal discomfort (8 cases) and as an incidental finding on barium study of the upper gastrointestinal tract (2 cases) or at autopsy (1 case). Twelve of the 42 cases were associated with invasive adenocarcinoma. These were confined to patients over 50 years of age. Benign tumors should be treated with local excision while in those harboring adenocarcinoma pancreaticoduodenectomy is the treatment of choice. Endoscopy and biopsy should assume a major role in attempting to obtain an accurate preoperative diagnosis. Caution is advised in that the superficial portions of the tumor may appear benign while deeper portions may contain invasive adenocarcinoma. An additional case with a bizarre presentation is described and the literature reviewed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Vascular compression of the duodenum.

A successfully treated case of vascular compression of the duodenum is presented. The associated factors that might have been involved in predisposing this patient to the development of an acute intermittent, yet worsening clinical picture, are discussed, as well as the possible precipitating factor. Diagnosis and management of this disease entity are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Characteristics of surgical sutures in the duodenum and small intestine].

The particularities of the surgical suture of duodenum and small intestine are exposed. According to the recent experiences from the literature, the best material for the intestinal suture is monofilamentous, with delayed resorption rate, and characterized by the hardness appropriate to the tissue involved. The representatives of these are Polyglactin and Polydioxanon. In the technique of the duodenal suture, inversion of the tissue and placing the sutures in the healthy tissue are more important than mucosal inversion and multiple layers closure. The omental patch must be variable, and not involved directly in sutures. In the small intestinal surgery, one layer sero muscular-extramucosal, or two layers mucomucosal with inversion and seroserosal suture are to be used. For duodenojejunal transition, terminolateral anastomosis is recommendable. Upon lower parts of ileum oblique terminoterminal or latero-lateral anastomosis is to be used. In the cases of luminal disproportion between open ends, terminolateral anastomosis seems to be the best choice. The percentage of duodenal stump dehiscence in the period of 1986-1992. is 2.53% upon 356 emergencies of delayed operations, and the percentage of the intestinal anastomotic dehiscence upon 102 elective and emergency operations is 5.8%.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1996

Use of rats chronically cannulated in the jugular vein and the duodenum in pharmacokinetic studies. Effect of ether anesthesia on absorption of amoxicillin.

In order to be able to use unanesthetized rats in pharmacokinetic studies it is necessary to find methods of drug administration and repeated blood sampling that do not stress the animals and therefore avoid possible alterations in the pharmacokinetic parameters caused by stress. Two surgical procedures that permit chronic cannulation of the jugular vein and duodenum of the rat are described in this paper, and the influence of ether (CAS 60-29-7) anesthesia on the intestinal absorption of amoxicillin (CAS 26787-78-0) is evaluated. Amoxicillin (2.2 mg) was administered to the rats by the oral and intraduodenal routes. Intraduodenal administration was performed in conscious rats, whereas oral administration was performed under light and heavy ether anesthesia. In each animal, 10 blood samples were collected through the jugular cannula at fixed times after drug administration and the plasma antibiotic concentration was determined by a microbiological diffusion procedure, with Micrococcus luteus as the test organism. Plasma concentration versus time curves of amoxicillin after intraduodenal and oral administration under light anesthesia were similar, with a slight delay in the tmax value for the oral administration. However, after oral administration of amoxicillin to rats under heavy anesthesia, antibiotic absorption was very irregular, with a decreased Cmax value and an increased tmax value as compared with the other two administration methods. Furthermore, the amount of amoxicillin absorbed in rats given the drug under heavy anesthesia was smaller than in the other two groups. These results suggest that drugs can be administered to rats under light ether anaesthesia without altering their pharmacokinetic features, but heavy anaesthesia can significantly alter their absorption.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1996

[Angiographic image of intestinal angiodysplasia of the duodenum in comparison with endoscopy--case report].

Angiodysplasia of the bowel wall is a malformation of intestinal giodysplasia of the bowel wall is a malformation of intestinal blood vessels. There seem to be different aetiologies of this disease entity. It is reported to be a common cause of occult intestinal bleeding in patients with negative findings on primary endoscopy of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. They occur most frequently in the right colon. The case reported demonstrates endoscopy and arteriography of extensive angiodysplasia in duodenum and proximal jejunum causing severe bleeding.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[The comparative anatomical characteristics of the arteries and the microcirculatory bed of the duodenum].

Morphological characteristics of comparative-anatomical formation of extra-organic and organic arteries and microcirculatory bed architectonics in duodenum of 312 certain representatives of all classes of vertebrates was given. It was shown that two groups of vessels qualitatively different in form and type of branching formed in the process of historical development: arteries with magistral-arcuate form of branching of non-anastomosing type and that with magistral-annular form of branching. The appearance of arterio-venular anastomosis type junctions in latter ones between one side of the intestine and veins of the opposite side provides the phenomenon of bilateral non-capillary countercurrent organic circulation. Microcirculatory bed of part of the villi completely lacked capillaries, while arterioles were connected with venules expertionally by arterio-venular anastomoses.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Duodenum preserving pancreatic head resection in chronic pancreatitis with inflammatory tumor in the pancreas head].

15 to 30% of the patients with chronic pancreatitis develop an inflammatory mass in the pancreatic head. The leading symptoms of these patients are severe upper abdominal pain and complications of the surrounding organs. From 1969 to 1995, 380 patients were treated with a duodenumpreserving pancreatic head resection. The cause of the disease was alcohol abuse in 81%. 93% of the patients suffered from severe pain with recurrent pain attacks. CT-scan revealed enlargement of the pancreatic head (> 4 cm in diameter) in 79% of the patients. 83% of the patients had an impaired exocrine pancreatic function; 48% of the patients had an impaired glucose tolerance or were diabetic. The hospital mortality was 0.8%; 5% of all patients had to be reoperated. The mean duration of the hospitalization was 13.9 days. 89% of the patients showed an unchanged endocrine function in the early postoperative course. The glucose metabolism was improved in 9%, 2% had a deteriorated function. The duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection is a procedure with a low postoperative mortality and morbidity without deterioration of the endocrine pancreatic function.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of glucose and water transport in the human duodenum in vivo using a dialysis bag.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Only a few studies have evaluated duodenal absorptive or secretory function in humans. In the present study we determined duodenal glucose and water transport in humans in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Duodenal glucose and water transport were studied in 27 healthy volunteers using a modification of the dialysis bag technique for measuring rectal water and sodium transport. RESULTS: Net glucose absorption increased progressively over the range of glucose concentrations studied (10 mM to 100 mM) from 0.21 +/- 0.19 to 1.76 +/- 0.15 mM/cm2/90 min. Maximum water absorption occurred from the 10 mM glucose solution (35.87 +/- 7.5 microliters/cm2/90 min) and at a significantly greater rate than from the 80 mM glucose (11.60 +/- 4.0 microliters/cm2/90 min) and the 100 mM glucose (14.90 +/- 1.7 microliters/cm2/90 min solution. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that glucose and water are absorbed by the human duodenum in vivo and that the dialysis bag technique can be adapted to measure transport processes in areas of the intestine other than the rectum.

Adult↗