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PubMed2006

Cloning MIT.

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Biomedical Research↗
PubMed2005

Numerical simulation of polymerization in interdigital multilamination micromixers.

Free radical polymerization in microfluidic devices modeled with the help of numerical simulations is discussed. The simulation method used allows the simultaneous solvation of partial differential equations resulting from the hydrodynamics, thermal and mass transfer (convection, diffusion and chemical reaction). Three microfluidic devices are modeled, two interdigital multilamination micromixers respectively with a large and short focusing section, and a simple T-junction followed by a microtube reactor together considered as a bilamination micromixer with a large focusing section. The simulations show that in spite of the heat released by the polymerization reaction, the thermal transfer in such microfluidic devices is high enough to ensure isothermal conditions. Moreover, for low radial Peclet number, microfluidic devices with a large focusing section can achieve better control over the polymerization than a laboratory scale reactor as the polydispersity index obtained is very close to the theoretical limiting value. As the characteristic dimension of the microfluidic device increases, i.e. for high radial Peclet number, the reactive medium cannot be fully homogenized by the diffusion transport before leaving the system resulting in a high polydispersity index and a loss in the control of the polymerization.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed2005

Rapid method for design and fabrication of passive micromixers in microfluidic devices using a direct-printing process.

We developed a facile and rapid one-step technique for design and fabrication of passive micromixers in microfluidic devices using a direct-printing process. A laser printing mechanism was dexterously adopted to pattern the microchannels with different gray levels using vector graphic software. With the present method, periodically ordered specific bas-relief microstructures can be easily fabricated on transparencies by a simple printing process. The size and shape of the resultant microstructures are determined by the gray level of the graphic software and the resolution of the laser printer. Patterns of specific bas-relief microstructures on the floor of a channel act as obstacles in the flow path for advection mixing, which can be used as efficient mixing elements. The mixing effect of the resultant micromixer in microfluidic devices was evaluated using CCD fluorescence spectroscopy. We found that the mixing performance depends strongly on the gray level values. Under optimal conditions, fast passive mixing with our periodic ordered patterns in microfluidic devices has been achieved at the very early stages of the laminar flow. In addition, fabrication of micromixers using the present versatile technique requires less than an hour. The present method is promising for fabrication of micromixers in microfluidic devices at low cost and without complicated devices and environment, providing a simple solution to mixing problems in the micro-total-analysis-systems field.

Biomedical Technology↗
PubMed2002

The rationale of value-laden medicine.

Medicine is becoming increasingly confident that scientific advances, especially in the area of genetics, will allow a major improvement in the control and eradication of disease. This development seems to go hand in hand with health-enhancement strategies, erasing the distinction between the states of health and disease, and blurring the specific goals of medical services. Medicine tends to become an increasingly technocentric practice that relies heavily on expert knowledge and on epidemiological evidence, neglecting the lived-body experience of being ill, and tending to transform costly medical services into commodities only affordable by the affluent. This paper argues that disease is not merely a functional description, but rather a definitely value-laden organismic state that is experienced by the patient, needs to be explored and treated by medical practitioners, and requires the assessment and participation of social institutions concerned with the delivery and support of medical services. Each of these perspectives introduces its own set of values, both in the clinical encounter and in public health programmes. Bioethics seems to be the appropriate discipline to discuss all these values involved, and help assign them properly in order to rescue the caring concern of medicine for the sick, as well as uphold a principle of fairness in publicly funded medical services.

Bioethics↗
PubMed2003

Atomic force microscopy as a tool for biomedical and biotechnological studies.

This work presents different applications in progress with the aid of the atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique for biomedical and biotechnological applications, comprising both the acquisition of three-dimensional images and spectroscopic force measurements, in the following systems: first, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-glycosaminoglycans; second, lectins-polysaccharides; third, mycobacterium leprae cellular wall and Vesicular Stomatites Virus (VSV) with fibronectin laminin, and lipidic membranes; fourth, DNA-complex; and fifth, actin, as well as the development of surface functionalizing protocols and image restoration by means of mathematical techniques.

Biomedical Technology↗
PubMed2003

[What is biomedicine? A socio-historical outline].

The article examines the debates surrounding the emergence of the term biomedicine, with a particular focus on the relation between the pathological and the normal. The authors reject simplistic definitions of biomedicine as a one-way street leading to the application of medical knowledge to medicine, or even as a two-way street characterized by iterative exchanges between the clinic and the laboratory. Rather, the authors introduce the notion of a biomedical platform as the site where the clinic and the laboratory intermingle and are realigned in connection with the ongoing process of medical innovation and the increasing automation of molecular procedures. The examples used in the article are drawn mainly from the field of onco-hematology.

Automation↗
PubMed2001

A new concept of plaster for preventing hand-borne infections.

A new plaster has been developed to improve asepsis in current medical and nursing care. Technical improvements were achieved via a no touch' technique. The experimental protocol used to evaluate this new plaster allows us to claim its evident superiority because of the no touch' principle and rapid application. Such a plaster appears to be very helpful in diminishing the incidence of hand-borne infections during medical and nursing care.

Bandages↗