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[Activation of lipid peroxidation in the adrenal cortex by metal ions].

The processes of lipid peroxidation have been studied in bovine adrenal cortex in vitro. The lipid peroxidation rate in this tissue is shown to be dependent on the content of metal ions. EDTA, deferroxamine and penicyllamine inhibit spontaneous lipid peroxidation by 25, 50 and 42%, respectively. The ability to activate the process permits arranging metal ions in the following sequence: Fe2+ greater than Fe3+ greater than Cu2+ greater than Mg2+ greater than Mn2+. The maximum activation of lipid peroxidation is observed at Fe2+ and Fe3+ concentrations within the range of 5 x 10(-6) x 10(-4) M.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1975

Adrenal cortex adenylate cyclase: solubilization of adenylate cyclase and guanyl nucleotide binding sites.

Adenylate cyclase activity and binding sites for 5'-guanylyl-imidiphosphate [Cpp(NH)p] have been solubilized from bovine adrenal cortex membranes with Triton N-101. Solubilized adenylate cyclase is stimulated by Gpp(nh)p and fluoride ion but not by ACTH. Pretreatment of particulate membrane fractions with Gpp(NH)p, hormone and Gpp(NH)p or fluoride prior to detergent extraction leads to an activated solubilized enzyme which is nearly independent from added stimulants. Adenylate cyclase solubilized from membranes pretreated with Gpp(NH)p can be separated from guanyl nucleotide binding sites without loss of activity.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1989

Age-related variation in circadian rhythms of mitosis in the adrenal cortex of the male rat.

Using a metaphase arrest technique, mitotic activity was quantified in the adrenal cortex over a 24-h period in 14-day-old male Sprague-Dawley rats before functional rhythmicity of the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is established, and after its onset, in 6- to 7-week-old rats. At all times, proliferative activity was greater in the younger animals, as previously reported. A significant circadian rhythm was identified in both groups, but the timing of the peak differed, lying between 17.00 and 21.00 h at 14 days and 11.00 and 15.00 h at 6-7 weeks. These results raise the possibility that functional rhythmicity of the HPA axis may alter an inherent proliferative rhythm.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1981

2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex from bovine-adrenal-cortex mitochondria. Purification and partial characterization.

The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex from bovine adrenal-cortex mitochondria has been purified by polyethylene glycol fractionation, ultracentrifugation through a layer of sucrose, isoelectric precipitation and gel filtration of Sepharose 4 B. The specific activity of the preparation obtained wa 9.9 U/mtg of protein; the sedimentation coefficient, S20, w, was 30 S. The results of sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated decomposition of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex into 3 clear-cut protein fractions with mobilities corresponding to molecular weights of 51 000, 56 000 and about 110 000. Michaelis constants for the reactants of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex reactions were: 2-oxoglutarate = 200 micro M; CoA - 4,5 micro M; NAD - 25 micro M.

Adrenal Cortex↗