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PubMed1989

Striatal dopamine, sexual activity and lifespan. Longevity of rats treated with (-)deprenyl.

The influence of longterm deprenyl treatment on the sexual performance and lifespan of male rats was studied. One hundred and thirty two rats were treated from the end of their 2nd year of life either with saline (1 ml/kg, s.c.) (n = 66) or with deprenyl (0.25 mg/kg, s.c.) (n = 66) three times a week until death. Whereas none of the two-year-old saline-treated rats displayed full scale sexual activity, this appeared in 64 out of 66 rats on deprenyl. The longest living rat in the saline-treated group lived 164 weeks. The lifespan of the group was 147.05 +/- 0.56 weeks. The shortest living animal in the (-)deprenyl-treated group lived 171 weeks and the longest living rat died during the 226th week of its life. The lifespan was 191.91 +/- 2.31 weeks. This is the first instance that a well aimed medication prolonged lifespan of members of a species beyond their maximum age of death (182 weeks in the rat). A close relation between sexual activity and lifespan was detected.

Aging↗
PubMed1980

On the longevity and behaviour of microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia pahangi and Dirofilaria immitis transfused to laboratory rodents.

Microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia pahangi, which were inoculated into Meriones unguiculatus and Mastomys natalensis respectively, were found in the peripheral blood of the rodents until the ninth day after infection, but no microfilarial periodicity was observed. Microfilariae of W. bancrofti disappeared much faster from the peripheral blood of jirds after reinfection than after the first inoculation. Microfilariae of Dirofilaria immitis inoculated into M. natalensis and laboratory mice were recovered in the peripheral blood until the 17th day after infection and remained infective to mosquitoes. For the first few days the microfilarial periodicity observed in the rodents was similar to that observed in the donor dog, but then reversed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

On the longevity of Schistosoma mansoni in man on St. Lucia, West Indies.

Data have been collected for at least five years in areas where transmission of Schistosoma mansoni has been controlled in the West Indian island of St. Lucia. Faecal egg output, as determined by Bell's technique, was periodically determined in 625 people and the geometric mean egg loads by year and age-group (in 1970) are presented. Assuming that egg output is linearly related to worm load, that flukes exhibit exponential survival, and survival is independent of worm load, the mean life-span of flukes within each host is calculated. It is valid to pool results for hosts ten years of age and older and a mean life-span of 3.3 years (with approximate 95% limits of 2.7 to 4.5 years) for the flukes is obtained. Results for younger hosts were heterogeneous and no pooled estimate is determined but it is suspected that the mean life-spans are greater for these hosts. The validity of some of the assumptions is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The effects of hypophysectomy and continuous food restriction, begun at ages 70 and 400 days, on collagen aging, proteinuria, incidence of pathology and longevity in the male rat.

Hypophysectomy in young male Wistar rats aged 70 days, followed by cortisone acetate replacement therapy throughout life, retarded the rate of aging of tail tendon collagen fibres, inhibited the development of certain diseases of old age (renal disease, cardiac enlargement, hind limb paralysis, and various endocrine and non-endocrine tumors) and significantly prolonged the duration of life. Almost identical anti-aging effects were obtained by lowering the food intake of intact rats to that of hypophysectomized rats, from age 70 days until death. Hypophysectomy in middle age, at 400 days, even with cortisone acetate replacement therapy, produced a sharp increase in the mortality rate; the surviving rats exhibited significantly reduced aging of collagen fibres and of the kidney as measured by protein excretion. Food restriction begun at 400 days also inhibited renal aging, but had no demonstrable effect on collagen aging during the first 100 days. These studies suggest that procedures such as hypophysectomy and food restriction do not switch off an aging mechanism in youth but probably exert a continuing inhibitory influence on certain aging processes throughout life.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Changes in pH with age in Drosophila and the influence of buffers on longevity.

The pH of whole homogenates of Drosophila melanogaster declines from 7.44 during the first instar larval stage to 6.77 during the late pupal stage. In adult flies the pH declines from 6.92 to 6.70 with increasing age. Total carbonic anhydrase activity declines during the first 10 days of the adult stage. The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide failed to shorten life span. Low molecular weight buffers prolong the median life span when fed to flies in the pH range 7.0-8.3. The greatest prolongation occurs when the flies are given the buffers beginning at 2 weeks of age. 0.1 M HEPES (pH 7.5) increased life span by 22.9% and 0.01 M KHCO3 (pH 7.0) by 17.8%.

Aging↗
PubMed1982

DNA repair in a congeneic pair of mice with different longevities.

The rate of ultraviolet light (UV)-induced DNA excision repair was determined in embryonic cells derived from a congeneic pair of short-lived (C57BL/10.F) and long-lived (C57BL/10) mice. Excision repair was measured by both bromodeoxyuridine photolysis and arabinofuranosyl cytosine inhibition. No difference in rate of repair was observed between the two cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Pituitary-thyroid activity and longevity in neonatally thyroxine-treated rats.

Wistar rats were made hypothyroidic by intraperitoneal thyroxine (T4) injection during the first 10 days of neonatal life. Levels of T4, 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin in the blood of these rats were measured by radioimmunoassay. The T4 levels are about two-thirds of control values up to 20 months of age. T3 level is low only at a young age. TSH level shows no significant difference from control, but is about half that of control after the stimulation of secretion by 6-propyl-2-thiouracil. The level of prolactin is much higher in the T4-treated group than in controls. In male rats, life duration of hypothyroid rats was longer than control by about 4 months. The life extension effect of hypothyroidism was observed also in females, although the difference was smaller than that in males. The concentration of T4 in the blood of male rats is higher than females, and the decrease in T4 level by neonatal T4 treatment is also more marked in males.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Longevity-dependent organ-specific accumulation of DNA damage in two closely related murine species.

To measure directly the accumulation of DNA damage with age, and to understand better the effect of modulators of DNA damage in vivo, the DNA of brain, liver, and kidney of two mice from different families, Mus musculus and Peromyscus leucopus, have been examined for age-dependent accumulation of single-strand breaks plus alkali-labile bonds, by the alkaline sucrose sedimentation method. These two species of small rodents are closely related taxonomically, yet differ significantly in maximum achievable lifespan. Using the reciprocal of the number average molecular weight for estimation of DNA size, these analyses indicate that: (a) DNA damage does not measurably accumulate in brain tissue; (b) the accumulation of DNA damage was more pronounced in hepatic DNA than other tissue DNA; and (c) the rate of accumulation of DNA damage in liver and kidney cells with age was greater in the shorter-lived species (M. musculus) and was inversely proportional to maximum achievable lifespan. There are suggestions that a similar threshold might exist for tolerance of DNA damage in the two species in specific organs, and that these species differ in the rate at which this threshold is reached as a function of maximum achievable lifespan.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Excessive intake of copper: influence on longevity and cadmium accumulation in mice.

Feeding copper gluconate in the drinking water to C57BL/6J male for a lifetime decreased the mean survival times by 14.4% when given at a concentration of 5 X 10(-3) M (317 ppm copper). The maximum life span was reduced by 12.8% (from 986 to 874 days). Survival data at lower copper concentrations are also reported. Serum, brain, heart and kidney copper concentrations were unaltered by feeding 5 X 10(-3) M copper gluconate. Only liver concentrations increased. Cadmium concentrations in liver and kidney of 168-, 406- and 644-day-old mice were essentially unchanged after feeding copper gluconate for 104 days. We conclude that chronic consumption of copper does not prevent or reduce the normal accumulation of cadmium found in aging mice.

Aging↗