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PubMed1990

[Organization of the rehabilitation treatment of children with organic lesions of the nervous system].

A scheme for rehabilitation treatment of children with organic CNS lesions is offered. The rehabilitation scheme includes the following measures: remedial gymnastics, massage, therapeutic physical training, reconstruction and formation of the most important motor skills, mastering exercises to correct postural activity, speech correction with manual training, psychological rehabilitation, social adaptation, occupational therapy, acupuncture, electroneurostimulation, therapeutic drug blockades, orthopedic correction, the use of the biological feedback, conductive training, restorative cosmetic surgery, sanatorium treatment, drug therapy, the use of physical factors, correction of somatic disturbances, recommendations of the specialists of the medico-genetic++ consultations, determination of possibilities of placing into kindergartens, schools, and sexual education. The rehabilitation scheme turned out effective in almost half of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The value of physical therapy in genuine female stress incontinence].

In a prospective randomized study the efficiacy of physical therapy in female stress incontinence could be verified. The greatest success rate was achieved by medical gymnastics, whereas the perineal electrical stimulation should be used as supporting measure like a biofeedback mechanism because of its low effective intensity. Despite of the good therapeutic success (51.5%) with lasting effects no objective criteria to the use of physical therapy in female stress incontinence were found.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Scheuermann's disease].

Scheuermann's disease is most frequently diagnosed in patients between 13 and 17 years and is subdivided into high, long and low kyphoses. The symptoms consist of pain which may be aggravated by physical exertion. Pain is most frequent and most severe in the long and low kyphoses. The etiology and pathogenesis are not entirely elucidated but it is probable that there is a genetic component, that the condition is not unifactorial and that it may be due to weakness in the epiphyseal plates of the vertebrae. Radiography reveals irregularities of the end-plates of the vertebrae, frequently with Schmorl's impressions, narrowing of the intervertebral spaces, one or more wedge-shaped vertebral bodies and increased kyphosing. No effective symptomatic treatment is known but the patients should be advised about choice of career and work. In order to avoid hyperkyphosis and chronic pain, back and abdominal musculature must be strengthened and mobility in the spine improved. Gymnastics, swimming and cycling on stationary bicycles may be recommended but sports associated with jumping and marked stress for the spine must be warned against. In few and severe cases, treatment with a corset or operation may be necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Value of orthophonic support for the elderly].

The organize language groups for the elderly appeared urgent in order to forestall a deterioration of their faculties and strengthen those faculties which could be maintained. Awareness of space and time, songs and poems, narratives and themes discussed made it possible to revival the necessary gymnastics of the mind.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Physical activity habits of primary care clinic patients].

764 registered clinic patients, between the ages of 18-60, in 2 primary-care clinics, filled out questionnaires about exercise habits. One clinic is in a moshav in which the population is principally of European origin and of high socioeconomic status. The other clinic is in a town in which the population is mainly of North African or Asian origin and of low socioeconomic status. Only 38.6% of those studied defined their work as involving physical or marked physical activity. These tended to be males 18-30 years old living on the moshav. Only 14.2% reported regular sports activity, none of whom were from the town. No differences were noted in sex or age-distribution. Women tended to engage in gymnastics, walking or folk-dancing; men in running or ball sports. Our results are similar to those of other studies which show that Israelis do not tend to engage regularly in sports. It is emphasized that health organizations should encourage sport activity by their members.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Nutrition knowledge and dietary practices of college coaches.

The objectives of this study were to measure nutrition knowledge of college coaches, to identify educational and demographic factors that affect nutrition knowledge of college coaches, to describe dietary practices recommended by these coaches, and to identify major sources of nutrition information used by coaches. Questionnaires were mailed to 296 coaches of senior and junior colleges in North Carolina using a listing from the National Directory of College Athletics. Coaches of the following sports were included: track and field, cross country, swimming, tennis, basketball, gymnastics, golf, football, and wrestling. The response rate was 36%. Seventy percent of the 15 nutrition knowledge test items were answered correctly; however, only one-third of the coaches indicated a high degree of certainty for the correctness of their responses. There were no significant relationships between nutrition knowledge and sex, age, collegiate conference, course work in nutrition, win/loss record, and years of coaching experience. Major dietary problems of college athletes reported by coaches were consumption of "junk food," poor eating habits, and consumption of an unbalanced diet. The authors recommend an annual workshop for coaches, trainers, and dietitians to develop criteria for nutrition assessment and body composition for college athletes and to develop training diets. Special workshops for foodservice personnel are also recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical assessment of 224 dental patients with pain and dysfunction].

Data collected on 224 patients of both sexes aged between 9 and 72 and suffering from temporomandibular dysfunctional algias have been examined. The observed prevalence of the female sex and young adults is in agreement with other researches. The most frequent, variously imbricated pathologies were the meniscal (62%), musculoligamentous (53%) and inflammatory and degenerative (21%). Having confirmed the multifactorial aetiology, and individual treatment plan was worked out. Of the initial therapies, active gymnastics, repositioning and stabilisation occlusion measures, relaxation practices, bland aspecific drugs were of particular importance. The final therapy contemplated above all prostheses and orthodontia as structural measures with a deliberate choice of conservative approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Concepts and therapeutic programs on depression wards].

After a short description of depression treatment wards in the Federal Republic of Germany an overview due to recent treatment strategies is given. One of the main tasks of depression ward (affective disorder units) as a specialized treatment setting is to address problems like the difficult patient with complex diagnostic, often medical and management problems. Beside psychopharmacological treatment and the overall setting of the ward (milieu organisation, personal emphatic support for the patient and reinforcement of non-depressive behaviour by the nurses) the clinical program include gymnastic and sports, hydrotherapeutics and massage, occupational therapy, one-to-one and group psychotherapy, group sessions with relatives a.s.o, Global improvement rates are found near 85%.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in blood pressure during static work. Practical implication].

while the cardiocirculatory response to dynamic exercises (e.g. running, cycling, swimming) is the object of the physician's full attention, the cardiovascular repercussions of static exercises, such as weight-lifting, sustained postures in gymnastics or immobilization in judo, are often ignored. Yet any sustained isometric contraction is associated from the art with an increase in blood pressure which may be major and involves about equally the systolic and diastolic pressures. As soon as the strength developed by the muscle exceeds 20 p. 100 of its maximum voluntary strength (MVS) the increase of blood pressure continues until the contraction comes to an end. Whatever the muscle used, the intensity of a cardiovascular response is independent of the muscular mass in action, but it mostly depends on the MVS percentage This rise in blood pressure is mainly due to an increase in heart and cardiac output. The reactions are such that relatively moderate and localized static effort may result in a rapid and important increase in myocardial work, and this may cause serious accidents in subject with a cardiovascular weakness, either isolated or associated with such risk factors as age or arterial hypertension. In consequence, adults who are insufficiently trained and present with one or several risk factors should avoid sports which required frequent respiratory arrests and/or sustained postures. If such sports are nevertheless chosen, it would seem that practising also a dynamic sport relying on aerobic metabolism might lin , at least in part, the effects of increased blood pressure due to static activities.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Back injuries in college athletes.

Frequency and types of back injuries sustained by intercollegiate athletes were determined by examining medical records of 4,790 athletes that competed in 17 varsity sports over a 10-year period. These athletes sustained 333 back injuries, an injury rate of 7 per 100 participants. Injury rates were significantly higher in football and gymnastics, and 80% of the injuries occurred in practice, 6% in competition, and 14% during preseason conditioning. Muscle strains occurred with much greater frequency than other types of injuries, and acute back injuries were much more prevalent (59%) than overuse injuries (12%) or injuries associated with pre-existing conditions (29%).

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1989

[Critical observation of selected exercises of power training in relation to prevention of postural damage and physical handicaps].

Prevention of and compensation for muscular weaknesses in postural disorders and physical disability are priority tasks of physiotherapy. A range of typical exercises are therefore being used to strengthen weakened groups of muscles, some of them traditionally already included in school sports. Most therapy concepts primarily focus on muscle strengthening, without taking into consideration that it is crucial to redress muscular imbalances by stretching contracted muscle groups as well. Based on this experience, the effectiveness of several specifically modified exercises was tested, derived from the usual range of physiotherapy activities in strengthening very commonly weakened muscle groups, i.e. the abdominal, gluteal, sacrospinalis and shoulder-blade affixing musculature. To increase exercise effectiveness, training machines were used in addition. Stretching exercises were carried out initially, in terms of passive stretching with isometric pre-tension. The following muscle groups were stretched: rectus femoris m., iliopsoas m., pectoralis m., and lumbar sacrospinalis m. Altogether, 64 patients between age 16 and 27 were examined following training therapy, 58 patients presented pure postural disorders, 6 had slight cerebral movement disorders. Two almost equal study groups were formed, one (31 patients) receiving only gymnastic exercises, the other (33 patients) using training machines. The muscular situation was tested after 6 months by means of Janda's semiquantitative muscle-testing. For further objective assessment of therapy outcome, Neugebauer's 'back-index' was determined. Muscular harmony and spinal balance were found to have significantly improved in the second group who had used the training machines. A slight reduction of muscle spasticity in addition was found in the patients with cerebral movement disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Menstrual irregularities in athletic women may be predictable based on pre-training menses.

With the use of a personally conducted survey the age at menarche, incidence of menstrual irregularity, whether training occurred before or after menarche, certain personality traits (anxiety, curiosity, anger), and the type of athletic activity performed, were assessed in 161 highly competitive women athletes of various types (e.g. professional dancers, basketball players, fencers, gymnasts, field hockey players, swimmers) and 65 age-matched nonathletic women. No significant difference was found between the mean age at menarche of competitive athletes 13.2 +/- 1.4 (SD) yrs and nonathletes 12.6 +/- 1.1 yrs or between athletes who trained before menarche 13.7 +/- 1.5 (SD) yrs compared to athletes who trained after menarche 12.7 +/- 1.3 yrs. However, there were significant differences in reference to the mean age at menarche for athletes and nonathletes when compared to current menstrual frequency (p less than 0.05) and for groups of athletes currently regular 12.9 +/- 1.2 (SD) yrs when compared to those currently irregular 13.4 +/- 1.6 yrs (PR greater than F = 0.0419), regardless of athletic status. Trait personality characteristics (anxiety, curiosity, anger) based on the Spielberger State-Trait Personality Inventory (STPI), showed no significance among the various athletes, or athletes compared to non-athletes, however, athletes having the highest mean anxiety scores 19.5 +/- 4.2 (SD) and lowest mean anger scores 17.0 +/- 3.6 (SD) had irregular menses. Predictability for the development of irregular menses was done by regression and stepwise discrimination with maximum improvement technique statistics using pre-training frequency of menses and post-training frequency of menses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiology of the treatment of patients with chronic polyarthritis in Hannover].

Between 1984 and 1988 a community-based study of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was undertaken in Hannover (Federal Republic of Germany) to determine patient characteristics and the patterns of antirheumatic treatment. Among 8044 randomly chosen German residents aged 25 to 74 years, we identified 45 persons suffering from RA; minimal prevalence 0.56% +/- 0.19%. Of these 45 RA-suffers only seven (16%) had consulted a rheumatologist (internist) "during the past 12 months". Only four (9%) persons were currently being treated with remission-inducing drugs (RIDs), e.g., chloroquine, gold. We could also ascertain low rates of physiotherapeutic treatment; "during the past 12 months" seven persons (16%) had received remedial gymnastics, one (2%) had received local application of cold. Our findings indicate that the treatment of RA in the population of Hannover is insufficient.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Non-pharmacological methods of the treatment of initial stages of arterial hypertension in automobile drivers].

The difficulties in hypotensive treatment of arterial hypertension (AH) in drivers encouraged the search for effective methods of correction of elevated arterial pressure (AP). During 5 years a group of 631 drivers with different levels of elevated AP was examined. For their treatment a complex of non-pharmacological methods was proposed, i.e., exercise therapy, preshift gymnastics, psychoemotional relief, autotraining, punctate massage, electric sleep, balneotherapy, decoction of sedative and plant diuretics. The dynamics of mean indices of diastolic pressure and high efficiency of using non-pharmacological methods for treating AH in drivers were demonstrated. The absence of adverse and undesirable effects of non-pharmacological AH-control methods enabled one to regard them as an effective means of treatment of the drivers with the initial AH stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Closed intramedullary osteosynthesis of the femur in isolated and combined trauma].

The authors have analysed the results of the treatment of 329 patients with closed diaphyseal fractures of the femur; in 252 of them various types of osteosynthesis have been made. Preference was given to closed osteosynthesis with a massive metal rod and drilling out of the medullary canal of the femur. It is pointed out that with this method of treatment the duration of disability was the lowest possible, and there was no invalidity. The necessity of exercise therapy and isometric gymnastics during the early postoperative period is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Performance diagnosis of the locomotor system and sensory organs?].

The quantitative significance of the sensory organs in sport is discussed by means of the visual parameters static and dynamic visual acuity and the equilibrium that is specific for a particular kind of sport. Spectators with normal visual acuity can identify footballs, tennis balls etc. used in game sports, with relative ease, compared with sports equipment used in athletics. However, since moving objects can attain an angular velocity of 400 degrees/s and higher in certain sports, the mean dynamic visual acuity is unable to cope with such speeds, this being only 200 to 230 degrees/s. Dynamic visual acuity can be trained, thus attaining higher levels in game sports. Processes of balance regulation during cycling (or in rhythmical sports gymnastics) are discussed in connection with and subsequent to the problem of the intersensory perception conflict. Finally, the article sums up criteria for the observation of movement and for minimising intersensory perception conflicts.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Initial experiences in developing family groups].

First experiences are told about activity of a group of relationship, who care for old members of family. Important are not only instructions for nursing and remedial gymnastics but also conversations in the group, by which individual problems are decreased and willingness for care of old patients in the family is promoted.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Functions of sports activities in aging].

Senior citizens' sports, as shown clearly in written questionnaires of 101 senior gymnasts, both male and female, in the canton of Bern (Switzerland), prove to be definitely multifunctional. Indeed, at the least the triad of physical, psychological and social functions must be taken into account; accordingly, subjects gain three things from sports: agility, well-being and social activity.

Activities of Daily Living↗